Abstract: A method of determining a rate of penetration of a downhole tool. The method comprises introducing a downhole tool including a drill bit configured to drill through a subterranean formation in a wellbore, the downhole tool comprising at least one reader configured to communicate with identification tags using electromagnetic radiation. The method includes advancing the wellbore with the drill bit and placing, with a component of a bottomhole assembly of the downhole tool, a first identification tag at a first location proximate the wellbore and at least a second identification tag at a second location proximate the wellbore and separated from the first location by a distance. An interrogation signal is transmitting from the at least one reader toward a wall of the wellbore and response signals from the identification tags are received by the at least one reader to determine proximity of the identification tags to the reader.

Abstract: An earth-boring tool includes a shank. The shank may include a central bore extending partially through the shank. An end-cap may be disposed within the central bore, and the end-cap may include a first flange, a second flange, and a body portion extending between the first flange and the second flange. An annular chamber may be defined between the body portion of the end-cap and an interior wall of the central bore of the shank. At least one strain gauge may be secured to an outer surface of the body portion of the end-cap. At least one stain gauge may be secured to a cap portion welded over a recess formed in the earth-boring tool.

Abstract: A shank assembly includes a neck portion, a shank portion defining a cylindrical aperture extending therethrough, and an anchor tube secured to the neck portion and extending through the shank portion, the anchor tube and the shank portion defining an annular cavity therebetween, and an electronics module disposed within the annular cavity. The annular cavity is formed to maximize space for electronics while maintaining structural integrity of a crown and shank of an earth-boring tool. A method includes disposing the anchor tube of a shank assembly through the cylindrical aperture and securing the anchor tube to a neck portion of the shank assembly, disposing the electronics module within the annular cavity, and disposing the shank portion and anchor tube of the shank assembly at least partially within a crown of the earth-boring tool such that annular cavity extends into the crown in an axial direction a distance that is between about 10% and about 80% of an overall axial length of the crown.

Abstract: An earth-boring tool includes a shank. The shank may include a central bore extending partially through the shank. An end-cap may be disposed within the central bore, and the end-cap may include a first flange, a second flange, and a body portion extending between the first flange and the second flange. An annular chamber may be defined between the body portion of the end-cap and an interior wall of the central bore of the shank. At least one strain gauge may be secured to an outer surface of the body portion of the end-cap. At least one stain gauge may be secured to a cap portion welded over a recess formed in the earth-boring tool.

Abstract: Wellbore sensor systems and related methods are disclosed. A wellbore sensor system includes a first sensor node and a second sensor node. The first sensor node is operably coupled to a drill string at a first location. The second sensor node is operably coupled to the drill string at a second location. A method includes taking first sensor readings from the first sensor node relative to a first spatial frame of reference, and taking second sensor readings from the second sensor node relative to a second spatial frame of reference, and using the first sensor readings and the second sensor readings to estimate parameters of a mathematical transform configured to transform the second sensor readings into the first spatial frame of reference. The method also includes transforming the second sensor readings into the first spatial frame of reference with the estimated mathematical transform.

Abstract: An earth-boring tool includes a shank. The shank may include a central bore extending partially through the shank. An end-cap may be disposed within the central bore, and the end-cap may include a first flange, a second flange, and a body portion extending between the first flange and the second flange. An annular chamber may be defined between the body portion of the end-cap and an interior wall of the central bore of the shank. At least one strain gauge may be secured to an outer surface of the body portion of the end-cap. At least one stain gauge may be secured to a cap portion welded over a recess formed in the earth-boring tool.

Abstract: An earth-boring tool includes a shank. The shank may include a central bore extending partially through the shank. An end-cap may be disposed within the central bore, and the end-cap may include a first flange, a second flange, and a body portion extending between the first flange and the second flange. An annular chamber may be defined between the body portion of the end-cap and an interior wall of the central bore of the shank. At least one strain gauge may be secured to an outer surface of the body portion of the end-cap. At least one stain gauge may be secured to a cap portion welded over a recess formed in the earth-boring tool.

Abstract: A method of determining a rate of penetration of a drill bit using acoustic technology. The method comprises providing a drill string including a drill bit configured to drill through a subterranean formation in a wellbore and operably coupling an array of acoustic transducers to a member of the drill string. Acoustic waves are emitted toward a wall of the wellbore with at least one acoustic transducer and a frequency of the acoustic waves reflected from the wall of the wellbore are measured with at least one acoustic transducer. The array of acoustic transducers is operably coupled to a controller comprising a memory and a processor to determine a frequency shift between the emitted acoustic waves and the reflected acoustic waves. A rate of penetration of the drill bit is determined with the processor based at least in part on the frequency shift. Downhole acoustic systems for determining a rate of penetration of a drill string are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of determining a rate of penetration of a downhole tool. The method comprises introducing a downhole tool including a drill bit configured to drill through a subterranean formation in a wellbore, the downhole tool comprising at least one reader configured to communicate with identification tags using electromagnetic radiation. The method includes advancing the wellbore with the drill bit and placing, with a component of a bottomhole assembly of the downhole tool, a first identification tag at a first location proximate the wellbore and at least a second identification tag at a second location proximate the wellbore and separated from the first location by a distance. An interrogation signal is transmitting from the at least one reader toward a wall of the wellbore and response signals from the identification tags are received by the at least one reader to determine proximity of the identification tags to the reader.

Abstract: Methods of operating earth-boring tools may involve extending a selectively actuatable cutting element outward from a face of the earth-boring tool. A portion of an underlying earth formation may be crushed by a crushing cutting action utilizing the selectively actuatable cutting element in response to extension of the cutting element. The selectively actuatable cutting element may subsequently be retracted. Earth-boring tools may include a selectively actuatable cutting element mounted to a blade, the selectively actuatable cutting element configured to move between a retracted state in which the selectively actuatable cutting element does not engage with an underlying earth formation and an extended state in which the selectively actuatable cutting element engages with the underlying earth formation. The selectively actuatable cutting element may be configured to perform a gouging or crushing cutting action at least upon initial positioning into the extended state.

Abstract: Method of operating earth-boring tools may involve activating a selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device secured to the earth-boring tool to impact an underlying earth formation with a fluid from the selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device. A crack may be at least one of initiated or propagated in a portion of the underlying earth formation utilizing the fluid in response to activation of the selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device. The selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device may be subsequently deactivated. Earth-boring tools may include a selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device configured to transition between an activated state in which fluid is permitted to flow through the selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device to engage with an underlying earth formation and a deactivated state in which fluid does not flow through the selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device.

Abstract: Methods of operating earth-boring tools may involve extending a selectively actuatable cutting element outward from a face of the earth-boring tool. A portion of an underlying earth formation may be crushed by a crushing cutting action utilizing the selectively actuatable cutting element in response to extension of the cutting element. The selectively actuatable cutting element may subsequently be retracted. Earth-boring tools may include a selectively actuatable cutting element mounted to a blade, the selectively actuatable cutting element configured to move between a retracted state in which the selectively actuatable cutting element does not engage with an underlying earth formation and an extended state in which the selectively actuatable cutting element engages with the underlying earth formation. The selectively actuatable cutting element may be configured to perform a gouging or crushing cutting action at least upon initial positioning into the extended state.

Abstract: Method of operating earth-boring tools may involve activating a selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device secured to the earth-boring tool to impact an underlying earth formation with a fluid from the selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device. A crack may be at least one of initiated or propagated in a portion of the underlying earth formation utilizing the fluid in response to activation of the selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device. The selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device may be subsequently deactivated. Earth-boring tools may include a selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing configured to transition between an activated state in which fluid is permitted to flow through the selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device to engage with an underlying earth formation and a deactivated state in which fluid does not flow through the selectively activatable hydraulic fracturing device.

Abstract: Wellbore sensor systems and related methods are disclosed. A wellbore sensor system includes a first sensor node and a second sensor node. The first sensor node is operably coupled to a drill string at a first location. The second sensor node is operably coupled to the drill string at a second location. A method includes taking first sensor readings from the first sensor node relative to a first spatial frame of reference, and taking second sensor readings from the second sensor node relative to a second spatial frame of reference, and using the first sensor readings and the second sensor readings to estimate parameters of a mathematical transform configured to transform the second sensor readings into the first spatial frame of reference. The method also includes transforming the second sensor readings into the first spatial frame of reference with the estimated mathematical transform.

Abstract: A secondary cutting structure for use in a drilling assembly includes a tubular body, and a block, extendable from the tubular body, the block including a first arrangement of cutting elements disposed on a first blade, a first stabilization section disposed proximate the first arrangement of cutting elements, a second arrangement of cutting elements disposed on the first blade, and a second stabilization section disposed proximate the second arrangement of cutting elements. A method of drilling includes disposing a drilling assembly in a wellbore, the drilling assembly including a secondary cutting structure having a tubular body and a block, extendable from the body, the block including at least three blades, actuating the secondary cutting structure, wherein the actuating includes extending the block from the tubular body, and drilling formation with the extended block.

Abstract: A secondary cutting structure for use in a drilling assembly includes a tubular body, and a block, extendable from the tubular body, the block including a first arrangement of cutting elements disposed on a first blade, a first stabilization section disposed proximate the first arrangement of cutting elements, a second arrangement of cutting elements disposed on the first blade, and a second stabilization section disposed proximate the second arrangement of cutting elements. A method of drilling includes disposing a drilling assembly in a wellbore, the drilling assembly including a secondary cutting structure having a tubular body and a block, extendable from the body, the block including at least three blades, actuating the secondary cutting structure, wherein the actuating includes extending the block from the tubular body, and drilling formation with the extended block.

Abstract: A secondary cutting structure for use in a drilling assembly includes a tubular body, and a block, extendable from the tubular body, the block including a first arrangement of cutting elements disposed on a first blade, a first stabilization section disposed proximate the first arrangement of cutting elements, a second arrangement of cutting elements disposed on the first blade, and a second stabilization section disposed proximate the second arrangement of cutting elements. A method of drilling includes disposing a drilling assembly in a wellbore, the drilling assembly including a secondary cutting structure having a tubular body and a block, extendable from the body, the block including at least three blades, actuating the secondary cutting structure, wherein the actuating includes extending the block from the tubular body, and drilling formation with the extended block.

Abstract: The expandable tools disclosed herein may be used as an underreamer to enlarge a borehole, or may be used to stabilize a drilling system in a previously underreamed borehole or in a borehole that is being underreamed while drilling progresses. At least one moveable arm, which translates between a collapsed and expanded position in response to a differential pressure between the axial flowbore and the wellbore, includes a borehole-engaging surface with cutting elements and at least one nozzle to direct a fluid across the borehole-engaging surface. Flow directing elements on the external surface of the tool may be used to decrease the flow area in an annulus between the tool and the wellbore and directs fluid flow in the annulus toward the borehole-engaging surface.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a drilling tool includes machining a cutter pocket into a tool body. The cutter pocket has at least a front planar surface, a back planar surface, a first side surface between the front and back planar surfaces, and a second side surface opposite the first side surface and between the front and back planar surfaces. Once machined, cutting elements are placed in the cutter pocket and then brazed in the cutter pocket.

Abstract: A drilling tool including a tool body and a cutter pocket formed in the tool body, the cutter pocket including a front planar surface, a back planar surface opposite the front planar surface, a first side surface between the front and back planar surfaces, and a second side surface opposite the first side surface and between the front and back planar surfaces is disclosed herein. A method of manufacturing a drilling tool including machining a tool body having a cutter pocket in accordance with embodiments disclosed herein, disposing a cutting element in the cutter pocket, and brazing the cutting element in the cutter pocket is disclosed.