Abstract: A photocatalyst, represented by the following general formula (1): X(VO4)6(OH)2??General Formula (1) wherein X represents Za1Tib1 or Za2Tib2Agc2 (where Z is Ca or Sr; a1 is 7.0 to 9.5; b1 is 0.5 to 3.0; a2 is 7.0 to 9.5; b2 is 0.4 to 1.5; c2 is 0.1 to 2.0; a1+b1 is 9.0 to 10.0; and a2+b2+c2 is 9.0 to 10.0) in the general formula (1).

Abstract: An intraoral fixing composition, containing: titanium apatite, which is obtained by substituting part of calcium in calcium hydroxyapatite with titanium, wherein the intraoral fixing composition is fixed at an intraoral site in an unreleasable state.

Abstract: A photocatalyst, represented by the following general formula (1): X(VO4)6(OH)2??General Formula (1) wherein X represents Za1Tib1 or Za2Tib2Agc2 (where Z is Ca or Sr; a1 is 7.0 to 9.5; b1 is 0.5 to 3.0; a2 is 7.0 to 9.5; b2 is 0.4 to 1.5; c2 is 0.1 to 2.0; a1+b1 is 9.0 to 10.0; and a2+b2+c2 is 9.0 to 10.0) in the general formula (1).

Abstract: A direct methanol type fuel cell is provided with a generated gas ejection part having a bundle made up of hollow fiber membranes extending between a fuel electrode and a liquid fuel vaporizing layer that vaporizes a methanol aqueous solution and supplies methanol gas to the fuel electrode. The hollow fiber membranes selectively pass carbon dioxide within a mixture gas that includes methanol, the carbon dioxide generated at the fuel electrode and the like, and eject the carbon dioxide via end portions of the hollow fiber membranes that open at a side surface of the fuel cell via hollow portions. The fuel cell as a high carbon dioxide ejection capability, and suppresses leak of methanol gas. A pressure applying part may be provided to apply a back pressure to the methanol aqueous solution within a fuel storage part, so as to further improve the carbon dioxide ejection capability.

Abstract: In the present invention, a material having a structure represented by formula (1) or (2) (wherein W equals N or C) is used as a solid electrolyte for a fuel cell. An electrolyte membrane having a small fuel crossover and a fuel cell having excellent ion conductivity and service capacity are obtained.

Abstract: A fuel battery 20 includes a fuel supplier 32, and a battery cell structure 31A and a battery cell structure 31B which are arranged to face each other respectively and to sandwich the fuel supplier 32, and in the battery cell structure 31A and the battery cell structure 31B, fuel battery cells CA1 through CA6, and CB1 through CB6 are arranged. Due to separators 40a and 40b, in the battery cell structure 31A, from the fuel electrode of the fuel battery cell CA1 to the air electrode of the fuel battery cell CA6, and in the battery cell structure 31B, from the fuel electrode of the fuel battery cell CB6 to the air electrode of the fuel battery cell CB1, are electrically connected in series. With the cell connector 35, the air electrodes of the fuel battery cells on the diagonal lines of the battery cell structure 31A and the battery cell structure 31B are connected electrically in parallel.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a solid electrolyte membrane made from an electrolyte composition that shows low methanol cross-over and exhibits high proton conductivity. The method includes applying an electrolyte composition including an organic solvent and a perfluorocyclobutane-containing polymer having a specific structure onto a substrate, and then removing the solvent. High proton conductivity is provided by sulfonic acid groups connected to the benzene rings. Reduction of methanol crossover is realized by introduction of a rigid structure with aromatic rings, or a combination of a rigid structure with aromatic rings and a three-dimensional cross-linked structure.

Abstract: A novel electrolyte composition is provided for obtaining a solid electrolyte membrane capable of exhibiting a large ion exchange capacity, high proton conductivity and a low methanol permeation coefficient. This electrolyte composition contains a sulfonic acid group-containing polyimide and having a specific structure. Such a polyimide can be obtained, for example, by reacting 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride with a diamine compound.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte membrane for solid polymer fuel cells, or the like is provided that is chemically stable in a strong acid atmosphere, and has low methanol cross-over as well as high proton conductivity. The solid electrolyte membrane is manufactured, using an electrolyte composition comprising a sulfonic acid group-containing polymer having a specific triazine structure. This polymer can be synthesized, for example, from a sulfonic acid group-containing dihydroxy compound having a triazine structure, and a difluoride.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a circuit board includes the steps of: forming projecting electrodes on a substrate; forming a photosensitive resin film on the substrate so as to cover the projecting electrodes; exposing a substantially entire surface of the photosensitive film; and melting the surface of the photosensitive film so as to expose the projecting electrodes.

Abstract: An optoelectronic component is mounted at a precise position on a waveguide substrate so as to reduce loss in propagating light, and electrically connect electrodes on the waveguide substrate and the optoelectronic component. The waveguide substrate has an optical waveguide and a recessed portion for mounting the optoelectronic component, and electrodes are arranged on the recessed portion. A great number of globular elastic conductive particles are distributed on the bottom surface of the recessed portion. Thereafter, the optoelectronic component is placed in the recessed portion so as to press the globular elastic conductive particles, and alignment between the optical waveguide in the waveguide substrate and an optical waveguide in the optoelectronic component is adjusted. Then, the optoelectronic component is fixed to the waveguide substrate with an optical adhesive while the alignment is precisely adjusted.