Abstract: The present invention provides novel analogues of alpha amino acids, comprising a perfluoro-tert-butyl group, and molecules comprising the novel analogues. Also provided are a wide range of applications of the novel analogues in therapeutics, theranostics and pharmaceuticals as well as in imaging applications. In particular, the use of the novel analogues in detecting or modifying a target molecule is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a protein scaffold, such as an avian pancreatic polypeptide, that can be modified by substitution of two or more amino acid residues that are exposed on the alpha helix domain of the polypeptide when the polypeptide is in a tertiary form.

Abstract: Applicants have used protein design to develop novel functional protein architectures, termed protein kinase-inducible domains, whose structures are dependent on phosphorylation by specific protein kinases or are dependent on dephosphorylation by specific protein phosphatases. Applicants have designed kinase-inducible domains based on a modular architecture, which allows kinase-inducible domains to be responsive to any specific serine-threonine kinases. Kinase-inducible domains can consist of canonical amino acids, allowing their use as expressible tags of protein kinase activity.