Abstract: A sensor system for detecting particles within a fluid, the sensor system comprising: i) a gauge body having a working surface for receiving a particle containing fluid; ii) an impactor spaced apart from the working surface of the gauge body defining a spacing between the impactor and the working surface of the gauge body through which particle containing fluid can pass, wherein the sensor system is configured such that as the particle containing fluid passes through the spacing between the impactor and the working surface of the gauge body, particles disposed over the working surface are impacted by the impactor generating a signal which is dependent on one or both of the size and concentration of particles in the fluid; and iii) a sensor configured to detect the signal generated by the particles impacting the impactor and provide an output signal.

Abstract: A sensor system for detecting particles within a fluid, the sensor system comprising: i) a gauge body having a working surface for receiving a particle containing fluid; ii) an impactor spaced apart from the working surface of the gauge body defining a spacing between the impactor and the working surface of the gauge body through which particle containing fluid can pass, wherein the sensor system is configured such that as the particle containing fluid passes through the spacing between the impactor and the working surface of the gauge body, particles disposed over the working surface are impacted by the impactor generating a signal which is dependent on one or both of the size and concentration of particles in the fluid; and iii) a sensor configured to detect the signal generated by the particles impacting the impactor and provide an output signal.

Abstract: There is provided a piece for a modular tyre liner, the piece being planar and generally rectangular and cut to define: a key head and a key hole, the key head configured for insertion into an associated key hole of an adjacent piece for engagement in use to form a mechanical interlock with the adjacent piece and wherein the key head and a key hole are configured for allowing movement of the piece with respect to the adjacent piece along the length of the liner in use.

Abstract: There is provided a piece for a modular tyre liner, the piece being planar and generally rectangular and cut to define: a key head and a key hole, the key head configured for insertion into an associated key hole of an adjacent piece for engagement in use to form a mechanical interlock with the adjacent piece and wherein the key head and a key hole are configured for allowing movement of the piece with respect to the adjacent piece along the length of the liner in use.

Abstract: Obliquely folding articulating wing mechanisms that include a wing rotatingly connected to a base.

Abstract: Apparatus for classifying objects in an input waste stream comprises a hyperspectral sensor, means for moving objects in the input waste stream relative to the sensor and through a sensing region thereof, and processing means for classifying objects in the input waste stream on the basis of signals output from the hyperspectral sensor to the processing means. The apparatus allows classification of objects composed of one of a wide range of materials and also provides for discrimination of objects comprising different grades of the same material.

Abstract: An apparatus for locating a source of acoustic emission in a material comprises four spaced transducers coupled to the material. Each transducer produces an output signal corresponding to a detected acoustic emission activity, and each output signal is amplified, rectified and enveloped before being supplied to a processor. Artificially induced acoustic emission events, of known location, are generated in the material. The processor measures the times taken for each output signal corresponding to artificially induced acoustic emission events, to exceed two predetermined amplitudes from a datum time. A neural network analyzes the measured times to exceed the predetermined amplitudes for the output signals corresponding to the artificially induced acoustic emission events and infers the mathematical relationship between values of time and location of acoustic emission event.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing electrical signals corresponding to acoustic emissions produced in a machine or process comprises a transducer acoustically coupled to the machine or process, which detects the acoustic emissions and converts them into an output signal. The output signal is amplified by an amplifier, rectified and enveloped by an enveloper having a short time constant to produce an electrical signal. An enveloper having a long time constant, measures the mean level of the electrical signal. A DC component remover removes the DC component from the electrical signal and an enveloper, having a long time constant, measures the mean level of the rectified AC component of the electrical signal. A processor having a low sampling rate, measures a power of the ratio between the mean level of the rectified AC component of the electrical signal and the mean level of the electrical signal.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, a computer is employed to control the system. The system initially accepts analog signals and converts them into digital signals, which are then compressed, at a DPCM encoder, into a three bit code. Thereafter the once compressed signals are further compressed in accordance with a variable length code. The twice compressed digital signals are transmitted through formatter circuitry whereat a tag is added to indicate (in addition to other information) what forms of compression have been employed on the digital signals which follow the tag. The twice compressed and tagged digital signals are forwarded to a buffer storage device. The role of the buffer storage is to keep a relatively constant supply of data signals so that there is a relatively constant supply of pels moving to the transmitter at a constant frequency. The computer monitors the buffer fullness and the rate at which it is being loaded or is emptying.