Abstract: A catalyst composition comprises an acrolein-oxidizing catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide catalyst of general formula (1): MoVaA1bA2cA3dOm??(I) in which A1 comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of W and Cu; A2 comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sb, Fe, and Nb; A3 comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, Cr, Mn, Re, Ru, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ag, Au, Zn, B, Al, Ga, In, Ge, Sn, Si, Te, Pb, P, As, Bi, Se, rare earth elements, alkaline elements, and alkaline earth elements; a ranges from 0.01 to 1.0; b ranges from 0.01 to 1.5; c ranges from 0 to 1.5; d ranges from 0 to 1.0; and m is dependent on the oxidation state of the other elements.

Abstract: The application concerns a process comprising: (A) contacting a gas comprising oxygen, propane and propylene with at least one catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to at least partially convert the propylene into a final product comprising acrylic acid; (B) feeding said final product to a separation column, in which the final product is split into a liquid stream, which is rich in acrylic acid, and a gaseous by-product stream comprising propane and propylene in a volume ratio of from 99.9:0.1 to 95:5; (C) contacting the gaseous by-product stream with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to at least partially convert propane to acrylic acid.

Abstract: A process for producing unsaturated carboxylic acids or unsaturated nitriles by vapor phase oxidation reaction of their corresponding C3 to C5 alkanes, C3 to C5 alkenes, and mixtures thereof, as a hydrocarbon starting material, wherein the process performance is monitored and the path of gasses through catalyst beds is altered. Improved catalyst lifetimes may be achieved.

Abstract: A process for producing unsaturated carboxylic acids or unsaturated nitriles by vapor phase oxidation reaction of their corresponding C3 to C5 alkanes, C3 to C5 alkenes, and mixtures thereof, as a hydrocarbon starting material, wherein the process performance is monitored and the path of gasses through catalyst beds is altered. Improved catalyst lifetimes may be achieved.

Abstract: The application concerns a process comprising: (A) contacting a gas comprising oxygen, propane and propylene with at least one catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to at least partially convert the propylene into a final product comprising acrylic acid; (B) feeding said final product to a separation column, in which the final product is split into a liquid stream, which is rich in acrylic acid, and a gaseous by-product stream comprising propane and propylene in a volume ratio of from 99.9:0.1 to 95:5; (C) contacting the gaseous by-product stream with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to at least partially convert propane to acrylic acid.

Abstract: This invention is a method for removing certain carbonyl containing impurities from .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester with an aqueous solution of a bisulfite or dithionite salt.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for reducing carbonyl-containing impurities in .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters by treatment of the ester with one or more of a selected phenylenediamine and an acid.

Abstract: A method of reducing the levels of impurities in aqueous monomer solutions is provided. Subjecting aqueous monomer solutions to ultraviolet radiation for from about 2 minutes to about 5 hours, reduces the level of impurities, especially carbonyl-compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of reducing the levels of protoanemonin present in aqueous monomer solutions by adding an effective amount of one or more para-phenylenediamines having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different radical selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, phenyl or methoxyphenyl with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is hydrogen; R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are the same or different radical selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, methoxy or ethoxy with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 is hydrogen; and salts thereof.