Abstract: The following disclosure relates to an electrochemical cell or system that is configured to operate with forced water flow on the cathode side of the cell and forced water flow on the anode side of the cell. The system may include at least one electrochemical cell having a cathode, an anode, and a membrane separating the cathode and the anode. The system has the forced water flow on the cathode side of the cell to be principally in opposite direction of the forced water flow on the anode side of the cell.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells having recombination layers are disclosed herein. One example of such a cell includes a membrane configured to be positioned between an anode flow field and a cathode flow field of the electrochemical cell. The cell further includes a recombination layer configured to be positioned between the anode flow field and at least a portion of the membrane. The recombination layer includes a catalyst configured to assist in a formation of water from hydrogen gas and oxygen gas produced within the electrochemical cell, therein mitigating any hydrogen gas crossover from a cathode side to an anode side of the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: A membrane in an electrochemical cell may be electrically and/or mechanically coupled to a flow-field plate using a conductive adhesive. Various types of adhesives with conductive particles may be used. The adhesive may be selected such that in the fluid phase it is able to diffuse through one or more porous layers of the electrochemical cell, such as a liquid/gas diffusion layer. In some cases, the use of conductive adhesive may increase the level of inter-component electrical contact that may be achieved for a given level of compressive force applied between the components in the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: The following disclosure relates to electrochemical or electrolytic cells. fuel cells. and components thereof. More specifically. the following disclosure relates to applying an intermediate layer, coating layer, or sacrificial layer on a porous transport layer (PTL). A catalyst layer may be applied to the applied intermediate layer. The catalyst layer serves as both a protective passivation layer for the PTL and an oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalyst and the intermediate layer can have a portion removed.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to a porous transport layer for use in an electrolyzer. In one aspect, a method includes providing a porous transport layer this is to be a component in an electrolyzer cell. Features are created in a first surface of the porous transport layer. The features serve to increase a surface area of the first surface of the porous transport layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) including directly depositing a liquid suspension containing a platinum precursor onto an ionically conductive membrane (e.g., proton-exchange membrane) that, when the platinum precursor deposit layer is reduced, provides a layer that will scavenge hydrogen that has diffused back through the membrane due to cell stack pressure differential.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) including directly depositing a liquid suspension containing a platinum precursor onto an ionically conductive membrane (e.g., proton-exchange membrane) that, when the platinum precursor deposit layer is reduced, provides a layer that will scavenge hydrogen that has diffused back through the membrane due to cell stack pressure differential.

Abstract: A surface segregated bimetallic composition of the formula Ru1-xIrx wherein 0.1?x?0.75, wherein a surface of the material has an Ir concentration that is greater than an Ir concentration of the material as a whole is provided. The surface segregated material may be produced by a method including heating a bimetallic composition of the formula Ru1-xIrx, wherein 0.1?x?0.75, at a first temperature in a reducing environment, and heating the composition at a second temperature in an oxidizing environment. The surface segregated material may be utilized in electrochemical devices.

Abstract: A surface segregated bimetallic composition of the formula Ru1-xIrx wherein 0.1?x?0.75, wherein a surface of the material has an Ir concentration that is greater than an Ir concentration of the material as a whole is provided. The surface segregated material may be produced by a method including heating a bimetallic composition of the formula Ru1-xIrx, wherein 0.1?x?0.75, at a first temperature in a reducing environment, and heating the composition at a second temperature in an oxidizing environment. The surface segregated material may be utilized in electrochemical devices.

Abstract: Anode catalysts for conversion of hydrocarbon feeds in solid oxide fuel cell membrane reactors. An anode catalyst may be a mixture of a metal with a metal oxide, for example a mixture of copper or copper-nickel alloy or copper-cobalt alloy with Cr2O3. Mixed oxides can be prepared by dissolving into water soluble salts of the different metals, chelating the metal ions with a chelating agent, neutralizing the solution, removing water by evaporation to form a gel which then is dried, and finally heating the dried gel to form a mixed oxide of the different metals. The chelating agent can be citrate ions, and ammonia can be added to the solution until the pH of the solution is about 8. The mixed oxide so formed then is reduced, for example by hydrogen, to form a composite comprising the metal (Cu, Cu—Co, Cu—Ni) and metal oxide, here Cr2O3.

Abstract: Anode catalysts for conversion of hydrocarbon feeds in solid oxide fuel cell membrane reactors. An anode catalyst may be a mixture of a metal with a metal oxide, for example a mixture of copper or copper-nickel alloy or copper-cobalt alloy with Cr2O3. Mixed oxides can be prepared by dissolving into water soluble salts of the different metals, chelating the metal ions with a chelating agent, neutralizing the solution, removing water by evaporation to form a gel which then is dried, and finally heating the dried gel to form a mixed oxide of the different metals. The chelating agent can be citrate ions, and ammonia can be added to the solution until the pH of the solution is about 8. The mixed oxide so formed then is reduced, for example by hydrogen, to form a composite comprising the metal (Cu, Cu—Co, Cu—Ni) and metal oxide, here Cr2O3.

Abstract: An integral ceramic membrane for a fuel cell is provided, with a non-porous layer and porous layers both formed of proton conducting material. The proton-conducting material may be a compound or mixture of compounds of the formula X1-X2-O3-? where X1=Ba, Sr or mixtures thereof and X2=Ce, Zr, Y, Nd, Yb, Sm, La, Hf, Pr or mixtures thereof. The combined atomic ratio of Y, Nd, Yb, Sm and La to Ba and Sr may in an embodiment be between 0.1 and 0.3 inclusive.