Abstract: A process for cleaning soil, lubricants or other such contaminants from tin surfaces without visibly etching the tin surface by applying aqueous alkaline cleaning solutions to said surfaces. Spraying is a preferred means for contacting the surface with the solutions. The cleaning solutions may be effectively employed at temperatures as low as about 100.degree. F. and thus may be characterized as low temperature cleaners. The cleaning solutions comprise an alkaline component in an amount effective to substantially remove said contaminants from the tin surface and an inhibitor in an amount effective to inhibit or deter etching of the tin surface. The inhibitor is a compound selected from the group consisting of substituted benzenes having at least two or more hydroxy substituents, quinones and substituted quinones.

Abstract: A spray process for plating nickel metal or ferrous metal surfaces using a solution containing nickel ions and hypophoshite ions.

Abstract: An alkaline cleaner, cleaning solutions formed therefrom, and processes for cleaning ferrous-based metal surfaces. The compositions and processes of the invention are especially useful in removing contaminants from the surfaces of drawn and ironed black plate steel containers. The cleaner includes:(a) from about 20 to about 70% by weight of an alkali metal metasilicate or orthosilicate, or a combination thereof;(b) from 0 to about 45% by weight of an alkali metal carbonate;(c) from about 5 to about 30% by weight of an alkali metal phosphate;(d) from about 2 to about 15% by weight of a surfactant such as nonylphenoxy-(polyethoxy) ethanol; and(e) from about 2 to about 20% by weight of a polyethoxy secondary alcohol.

Abstract: A process for removing paint from rubber surfaces employing an acidic stripping solution comprising sulfuric acid and preferably one or more anionic wetting agents.