Abstract: The disclosure discloses an optical imaging lens, which sequentially includes, from an object side to an image side along an optical axis: a first lens having positive refractive power; a second lens having refractive power; a third lens having refractive power; a fourth lens having negative refractive power, wherein an object-side surface thereof is a concave surface, while an image-side surface is a convex surface; a fifth lens having positive refractive power; and a sixth lens having negative refractive power, wherein an object-side surface thereof is a convex surface. TTL is a distance from an object-side surface of the first lens to an imaging surface of the optical imaging lens on the optical axis, ImgH is a half of a diagonal length of an effective pixel region on the imaging surface of the optical imaging lens, TTL and ImgH meet 4.0 mm<ImgH/(TTL/ImgH)<7.0 mm. Therefore, the optical imaging lens has high imaging quality.

Abstract: A circuit-breaker includes a battery module terminal, a battery pack system terminal, and a plurality of switching channels connected in parallel and coupled between the battery module terminal and the battery pack system terminal. Each of the switching channels includes one or more semiconductor switching devices and is configured to turn on/off a circuit between the battery module terminal and the battery pack system terminal. During abnormality diagnosis, at least one of the switching channels is set to be in a turned-on state.

Abstract: A low-voltage lithium battery circuitry includes a busbar, a battery signal transmitter unit, a battery management system, and a lithium battery module connected to the battery management system through the busbar and the battery signal transmitter unit. The lithium battery module is configured to provide energy for an external load and supply power to the battery management system. The battery management system is configured to monitor electrical parameters acquired in the lithium battery module and, when any one of the electrical parameters exceeds a protection threshold range corresponding thereto, perform a protection operation.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an optical imaging lens assembly, which sequentially includes, from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a first lens with a positive refractive power, a second lens, a third lens with a positive refractive power, a fourth lens, a fifth lens with a positive refractive power and a sixth lens with a negative refractive power, wherein a total effective focal length f of the optical imaging lens assembly and an entrance pupil diameter (EPD) of the optical imaging lens assembly meet f/EPD<1.35; and an effective focal length f3 of the third lens, an effective focal length f5 of the fifth lens and an effective focal length f1 of the first lens meet 0.9<(f3+f5)/f1<1.7.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an optical imaging lens assembly including, sequentially from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a first lens having refractive power; a second lens having refractive power; a third lens having negative refractive power; a fourth lens having refractive power and a convex object-side surface; a fifth lens having refractive power and a concave object-side surface; a sixth lens having refractive power; a seventh lens having refractive power; and an eighth lens having refractive power. A total effective focal length f of the optical imaging lens assembly and half of a maximal field-of-view Semi-FOV of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfy: f*tan(Semi-FOV)>5.5 mm. A total effective focal length f of the optical imaging lens assembly and an effective focal length f1 of the first lens satisfy: 0.5<f/f1<1.5.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an optical imaging lens assembly, which includes: a first lens having positive refractive power and a convex object-side surface; a second lens having refractive power, and a concave image-side surface; a third lens having refractive power; a fourth lens having refractive power; and a fifth lens having negative refractive power, a concave object-side surface, and a concave image-side surface. The optical imaging lens assembly satisfies TL/ImgH<1.35; 0.6<R9/f5<1.2 and 0.5<ET5/ET4<1, where TTL is a total length of the optical imaging lens assembly, ImgH is a half diagonal length of an effective pixel area on an imaging plane, f5 is an effective focal length of the fifth lens, R9 is a radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the fifth lens, ET4 and ET5 are edge thicknesses of the fourth and the fifth lenses, respectively.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an optical imaging lens assembly, which sequentially includes from an object side to an image side along an optical axis: a variable diaphragm; a first lens; a second lens; a third lens; a fourth lens; a fifth lens, an object-side surface thereof is a convex surface; a sixth lens; and a seventh lens. a center thickness CT1 of the first lens on the optical axis and an air space T67 between the sixth lens and the seventh lens on the optical axis satisfy CT1/T67<1.0.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an optical imaging lens assembly, which sequentially includes, from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a first lens with a positive refractive power, a second lens, a third lens with a positive refractive power, a fourth lens, a fifth lens with a positive refractive power and a sixth lens with a negative refractive power, wherein a total effective focal length f of the optical imaging lens assembly and an entrance pupil diameter (EPD) of the optical imaging lens assembly meet f/EPD<1.35; and an effective focal length f3 of the third lens, an effective focal length f5 of the fifth lens and an effective focal length f1 of the first lens meet 0.9<(f3+f5)/f1<1.7.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses an optical imaging lens, which sequentially includes, from an object side to an image side along an optical axis: a first lens having positive refractive power; a second lens having refractive power; a third lens having refractive power; a fourth lens having negative refractive power, wherein an object-side surface thereof is a concave surface, while an image-side surface is a convex surface; a fifth lens having positive refractive power; and a sixth lens having negative refractive power, wherein an object-side surface thereof is a convex surface. TTL is a distance from an object-side surface of the first lens to an imaging surface of the optical imaging lens on the optical axis, ImgH is a half of a diagonal length of an effective pixel region on the imaging surface of the optical imaging lens, TTL and ImgH meet 4.0 mm<ImgH/(TTL/ImgH)<7.0 mm. Therefore, the optical imaging lens has high imaging quality.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an optical imaging lens assembly including, sequentially from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a first lens having refractive power; a second lens having refractive power; a third lens having negative refractive power; a fourth lens having refractive power and a convex object-side surface; a fifth lens having refractive power and a concave object-side surface; a sixth lens having refractive power; a seventh lens having refractive power; and an eighth lens having refractive power. A total effective focal length f of the optical imaging lens assembly and half of a maximal field-of-view Semi-FOV of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfy: f*tan(Semi-FOV)>5.5 mm. A total effective focal length f of the optical imaging lens assembly and an effective focal length f1 of the first lens satisfy: 0.5<f/f1<1.5.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an optical imaging lens assembly, which includes: a first lens having positive refractive power and a convex object-side surface; a second lens having refractive power, and a concave image-side surface; a third lens having refractive power; a fourth lens having refractive power; and a fifth lens having negative refractive power, a concave object-side surface, and a concave image-side surface. The optical imaging lens assembly satisfies TL/ImgH<1.35; 0.6<R9/f5<1.2 and 0.5<ET5/ET4<1, where TTL is a total length of the optical imaging lens assembly, ImgH is a half diagonal length of an effective pixel area on an imaging plane, f5 is an effective focal length of the fifth lens, R9 is a radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the fifth lens, ET4 and ET5 are edge thicknesses of the fourth and the fifth lenses, respectively.

Abstract: In the field of communications, a method and a device for determining a decoding mode of in-band signaling are provided, which improve accuracy of in-band signaling decoding. The method includes: calculating a probability of each decoding mode of in-band signaling of a received signal at a predetermined moment by using a posterior probability algorithm; and from the calculated probabilities of the decoding modes, selecting a decoding mode having a maximum probability value as a decoding mode of the in-band signaling of the received signal at the predetermined moment. The method and the device are mainly used in a process for determining a decoding mode of in-band signaling in a speech frame transmission process.

Abstract: In the field of communications, a method and a device for determining a decoding mode of in-band signaling are provided, which improve accuracy of in-band signaling decoding. The method includes: calculating a probability of each decoding mode of in-band signaling of a received signal at a predetermined moment by using a posterior probability algorithm; and from the calculated probabilities of the decoding modes, selecting a decoding mode having a maximum probability value as a decoding mode of the in-band signaling of the received signal at the predetermined moment. The method and the device are mainly used in a process for determining a decoding mode of in-band signaling in a speech frame transmission process.

Abstract: An electrical power controller includes a boost converter, an invertor and an output section. The boost converter includes a control circuit which charges a capacitance from an inductance in accordance with a stream of pulses having a variable duty cycle. A feedback circuit responsive to the power consumed by a load provides an error signal for varying the duty cycle of the pulses. In the invertor, a pair of switches sample the charge on the capacitor to create an AC signal which is introduced to the output section. The sampling frequency in the boost converter is related to the sampling frequency in the invertor by an integer.

Abstract: A method of extending discharge lamp life includes slowing electrode deterioration by powering the discharge lamp so that a lamp arc current having a reduced crest factor results, either by retrofitting an existing discharge lamp system with a waveform conditioning module, by powering the discharge lamp with a ballast producing a squarewave-type waveform, or by slowing deterioration of an emissive coating on a discharge lamp electrode by such means as preheating the electrode prior to use in order to bond the emissive coating on the electrode. A discharge lamp system includes a discharge lamp and components operatively coupled to the discharge lamp for supplying a lamp arc current to the discharge lamp that has a reduced crest factor and controlled lamp watt loading, such as a ballast configured to supply a lamp arc current with a waveform that is substantially a squarewave or an existing ballast retrofitted with waveform conditioning circuitry that causes the lamp arc current to have a reduced crest factor.

Abstract: A method of extending discharge lamp life includes slowing electrode deterioration by powering the discharge lamp so that a lamp arc current having a reduced crest factor results, either by retrofitting an existing discharge lamp system with a waveform conditioning module, by powering the discharge lamp with a ballast producing a squarewave-type waveform, or by slowing deterioration of an emissive coating on a discharge lamp electrode by such means as preheating the electrode prior to use in order to bond the emissive coating on the electrode. A discharge lamp system includes a discharge lamp and components operatively coupled to the discharge lamp for supplying a lamp arc current to the discharge lamp that has a reduced crest factor and controlled lamp watt loading, such as a ballast configured to supply a lamp arc current with a waveform that is substantially a squarewave or an existing ballast retrofitted with waveform conditioning circuitry that causes the lamp arc current to have a reduced crest factor.