Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a non-transitory computer storage medium, for enhancing asker and answerer interaction within a social search service environment. In one aspect, a system includes a computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon which, when executed, cause one or more computers to perform operations comprising receiving an answer from a first user in response to a question from a second user in a social search service environment, identifying a set of suggested hyperlinks associated with the received answer, providing the set of suggested hyperlinks to the first user, and receiving a selection of at least one of the set of suggested hyperlinks from the first user. The operations may further comprise providing a combined response to the second user, the combined response including the answer and the at least one selected suggested hyperlink.

Abstract: Computational systems and methods are disclosed that learn about and assist with appropriate structure-based design choices. The systems and methods autonomously explore design states, and suggest to a user one or more optimize design states. Constraints are provided to limit exploration to valid design states. Systems and methods are disclosed that assist groups of users with coordinating their efforts in producing a cohesive design. Systems and methods are disclosed for learning from past optimizations in order to provide more rapid convergence on an optimized design, avoid local maxima and other hurdles to optimization, avoid undesired optimizations, and so on.

Abstract: Computational systems and methods are disclosed that learn about and assist with appropriate structure-based design choices. The systems and methods autonomously explore design states, and suggest to a user one or more optimize design states. Constraints are provided to limit exploration to valid design states. Systems and methods are disclosed that assist groups of users with coordinating their efforts in producing a cohesive design. Systems and methods are disclosed for learning from past optimizations in order to provide more rapid convergence on an optimized design, avoid local maxima and other hurdles to optimization, avoid undesired optimizations, and so on.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system for designing a structure based on an initial depiction is disclosed. The system includes a design engine that receives the depiction and various other inputs and produces a structure design therefrom. The depiction is analyzed to determine a representation, and cells instantiated to populate the representation. Cells are configured to be assembled together with other cells to form the structure design, including systems of the design. An initial proposed design may be iteratively improved using one or more measures of the proposed structure design's goodness, such as conformance to the depiction's shape, style, volume, etc. Creation of the depiction may be in the context of the building site, from which additional information may be derived in the process of creating a proposed structure design.

Abstract: A computer-implemented subsystem and method is disclosed for receiving user qualification data, comparing that data to certification criteria, and providing user certification according thereto, in the context of a system for designing a structure. A variety of users may be certified, including architects, designers, component and service providers, permitting authorities, builders, financers, future tenants, etc. A wide variety of certifications may be provided including by trade, by attributes of the structure, by intended use of the design system, etc. Certification may be based on general experience, references, time spent with the design system, training completed, examination passed, other certifications, etc. Certification may be stand-alone or may be part of an ongoing continuing education process. The design system may limit actions a user may perform on a design based on certification and certification level.

Abstract: Computational systems and methods are disclosed that learn about and assist with appropriate structure-based design choices. The systems and methods autonomously explore design states, and suggest to a user one or more optimize design states. Constraints are provided to limit exploration to valid design states. Systems and methods are disclosed that assist groups of users with coordinating their efforts in producing a cohesive design. Systems and methods are disclosed for learning from past optimizations in order to provide more rapid convergence on an optimized design, avoid local maxima and other hurdles to optimization, avoid undesired optimizations, and so on.

Abstract: A computer-implemented subsystem and method is disclosed for receiving user qualification data, comparing that data to certification criteria, and providing user certification according thereto, in the context of a system for designing a structure. A variety of users may be certified, including architects, designers, component and service providers, permitting authorities, builders, financers, future tenants, etc. A wide variety of certifications may be provided including by trade, by attributes of the structure, by intended use of the design system, etc. Certification may be based on general experience, references, time spent with the design system, training completed, examination passed, other certifications, etc. Certification may be stand-alone or may be part of an ongoing continuing education process. The design system may limit actions a user may perform on a design based on certification and certification level.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system for designing a structure based on an initial depiction is disclosed. The system includes a design engine that receives the depiction and various other inputs and produces a structure design therefrom. The depiction is analyzed to determine a representation, and cells instantiated to populate the representation. Cells are configured to be assembled together with other cells to form the structure design, including systems of the design. An initial proposed design may be iteratively improved using one or more measures of the proposed structure design's goodness, such as conformance to the depiction's shape, style, volume, etc. Creation of the depiction may be in the context of the building site, from which additional information may be derived in the process of creating a proposed structure design.

Abstract: System and methods for evaluating and coordinating the design and implementation of a structure is disclosed. The system includes an attributes engine, configured to receive design data for a structure; quantify a plurality of measures of various attributes of the structure based on the design data; from the quantified plurality of measures of various attributes of the structure, determine a structure fitness function, F, whereby: F=f({right arrow over (w)}1{right arrow over (a)}1,{right arrow over (w)}2{right arrow over (a)}2, . . . {right arrow over (w)}n{right arrow over (a)}n) wherein a1, a2, . . . an are each quantifications of an attribute, respectively, of a structure based on the structure design, and w1, w2, . . . wn are each weighting values corresponding to each attribute quantification, respectively; and, an interface for providing an indication of the structure fitness function to a user.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system for designing a structure and coordinating its implementation is disclosed. The system includes a design workspace, a design engine which receives various inputs and produces a structure design for display in the design workspace, a requirements providing structure design requirement rules to the design engine for producing the structure design, and a cell source providing a definition of a cell that forms a portion of the structure design. The cell is configured to be assembled together with other cells to form the structure design. An attributes engine quantifies measures of various attributes of a structure based on the structure design during the process of designing the structure, and displays the quantified measures in a dashboard user interface. Optimization engines for analyzing the structure design, and proposing alternative designs is provided. The design may be optimized for various criteria, including the attributes quantified by the attributes engine.

Abstract: A computer-implemented subsystem and method is disclosed for receiving user qualification data, comparing that data to certification criteria, and providing user certification according thereto, in the context of a system for designing a structure. A variety of users may be certified, including architects, designers, component and service providers, permitting authorities, builders, financers, future tenants, etc. A wide variety of certifications may be provided including by trade, by attributes of the structure, by intended use of the design system, etc. Certification may be based on general experience, references, time spent with the design system, training completed, examination passed, other certifications, etc. Certification may be stand-alone or may be part of an ongoing continuing education process. The design system may limit actions a user may perform on a design based on certification and certification level.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system for coordinating the design and implementation of a structure is disclosed. The system includes a design workspace, a design engine which receives various inputs and produces a structure design for display in the design workspace, first and second interfaces permitting first and second users, respectively, to view and manipulate a design, either independently or concurrently, and a library of design elements and editing tools accessible to the first and second users. One or more users may be provided with controls limiting the manipulations that other user(s) may make to the design. Change tracking and error and conflict checking are provided to assist with merging design manipulations originating from separate users.

Abstract: Discovering topics of interest from the content received from multiple sources. Content from multiple sources is aggregated and stored in a database along with the content's metadata. Phrases are extracted from the content and scored based on at least a time window for each phrase. The high ranking phrases are presented to a user via a user interface. When a user selects a particular phrase, content corresponding to the selected phrase is presented to the user. The content may include a list of ranked documents or a specific document. The phrases presented to the user can also be topic specific.

Abstract: A camera tracking system that continuously tracks sound emitting objects is provided. A sound activation feature of the system enables a video camera to track speakers in a manner similar to the natural transition that occurs when people turn their eyes toward different sounds. The invented system is well suited for video-phone applications. The invented tracking system comprises a video camera for transmitting an image from its remote location, a screen for receiving images, and microphones for directing the camera. The camera may be coupled to the microphones via an interface for processing information transmitted from the microphones for directing the camera. The system may utilize the translucent properties of LCD screens by disposing a video camera behind such a screen and enabling persons at each remote location to look directly into the screen and at the camera. The interface enables intelligent framing of a speaker without mechanically repositioning the camera.

Abstract: A method for performing transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) uses a cardioplegic agent to briefly stop the heartbeat long enough to create 10 to 40 carefully placed transmyocardial blood flow channels using a laser. The cardioplegic agent used may be adenosine or an adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel opener, such as aprikalim, or a standard hyperkalemic cardioplegic agent. The temporarily induced motionlessness of the heart allows accurate and efficient placement of the blood flow channels, while the short duration of the cardioplegic effect obviates the need for cardiopulmonary bypass. The blood flow channels can be formed from the exterior or the interior of the heart. Preferably, the TMR procedure is performed using an infrared laser, such as a CO.sub.