Abstract: The invention provides new methods of treatment using TGF-?3 to inhibit scarring in humans, and TGF-?3 for new uses in the inhibition of scarring in humans. In a first incidence of treatment TGF-?3 is provided to each centimetre of a wound margin or each centimetre of a site at which a wound is to be formed in a first therapeutically effective amount; and in a subsequent incidence of treatment TGF-?3 is provided to each centimetre of wound margin in a larger therapeutically effective amount of TGF-?3. The incidences of treatment occur between 8 hours and 48 hours apart from one another. The TGF-?3 may be provided by intradermal injection. Also provided are kits and methods of selecting an appropriate treatment regime for inhibiting scarring associated with the healing of a human wound.

Abstract: Provided is the use of an agonist of a member of the nuclear hormone receptor NR4A subgroup in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention, reduction or inhibition of scarring in a non-ocular tissue. Also provided is a method of preventing, reducing or inhibiting scarring in a non-ocular tissue, the method comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an agonist of a member of the nuclear hormone receptor NR4A subgroup to a patient in need of such prevention, reduction or inhibition. The NR4A agonist may be 6-mercaptopurine. The medicaments and methods may preferably be used to prevent, reduce or inhibit scarring in the skin. The medicaments and methods of the invention may be used to accelerate healing of wounds.

Abstract: Provided are antagonists of FXR activity for use as medicament for the prevention, reduction or inhibition of scarring. This use may preferably be to prevent, reduce or inhibit scarring formed on healing of wounds. The invention also provides corresponding methods of treatment. Preferred antagonists of FXR activity include guggulsterone (Z); guggulsterone (E); a scalarane; 80-574; and a 5?-bile alcohol. In advantageous embodiments, up to 32 ?M of the antagonist of FXR activity may be provided per linear cm of wound, or cm2 of a wound or fibrotic disorder, over a 24 hour period in order to inhibit scarring.

Abstract: There is provided the use of WNT5A, or a therapeutically effective fragment or derivative thereof, in the preparation of a medicament for use in the prevention, reduction or inhibition of scarring. There is also provided the use of WNT5A, or a therapeutically effective fragment or derivative thereof, in the preparation of a medicament for use in the prevention and/or treatment of a fibrotic disorder. Further aspects relate to methods by which scarring may be prevented, reduced or inhibited, and by which fibrotic disorders may be prevented and/or treated. Therapeutically effective amounts of WNT5A, or its fragments or derivatives, that may be used in the medicaments or methods of the invention are also provided.