Abstract: Provided are are conformable conductors and electrode arrays and related methods of their manufacture and use. The disclosed structures can be implanted into or placed outside of the body of a subject to record biosignals and/or to deliver electrical stimulation, in addition to other, non-biological applications for electrical and/or chemical sensing and stimulation. One can form a pattern an absorbent material (e.g., with a laser cutter), which is later infused with a conductive ink that can include, e.g., MXene materials, reduced graphene oxide (rGO), graphene/graphite, gold, platinum, or other metallic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, conductive polymers, or other conductive ink materials. The resulting electrode arrays can be compatible with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI or fMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) modalities, and the disclosed process can rapidly produce electrodes at high yield.