Abstract: A method of image processing can include receiving an image of an instance of an object and a three-dimensional model of the object, detecting a first plurality of landmarks of the instance of the object in the two-dimensional image, estimating a pose of the instance of the object in the received image relative to an imaging device that acquired the image, wherein the relative pose in the received image is estimated from the first plurality of the detected landmarks, using the estimated relative pose, projecting landmarks from the three-dimensional model of the object into a dimensional space of the received image of the instance of the object, comparing, in the dimensional space, characteristics of corresponding of the projected landmarks and the first plurality of the detected landmarks, and determining whether a threshold level of positional correspondence exists between positions of corresponding of the projected landmarks and the first plurality of the detected landmarks.

Abstract: A method for characterizing correctness of image processing includes receiving images of an instance of an object, wherein the images were acquired at different relative poses, identifying positions of corresponding landmarks on the object in each of the received images, receiving information characterizing a difference in position or a difference in orientation of at least one of the instance of the object and one or more imaging devices when the images were acquired, transferring the positions of landmarks identified in a first of the images based on the difference in position or the difference in orientation, and comparing the positions of the transferred landmarks with the positions of the corresponding of the landmarks identified in a second of the received images, and characterizing a correctness of the identification of the positions of the landmarks in at least one of the received images.