Abstract: Quantum Random Number Generator comprising an emitting device (1) adapted to be triggered by a signal representing an input bit x and adapted to generate and send a stream of one of two possible non-orthogonal quantum states determined by a plurality of said input bit x at a rate in the range of Mb/s up to 10 Gb/s, a measurement device (2) adapted to detect each quantum state of the stream of quantum states sent by the emitting device (1) and to generate an output b based on the detected quantum state, a random selection device (3) adapted to receive said output b and carries out a random selection on said output b so as to select and pick out a first fraction of the bits b? and a second fraction of the bit b-b? sent to an entropy (I) estimation module (4, 4?), wherein the entropy (I) estimation module (4, 4?) is adapted to receive the input x, the output b? and the output b-b? over a certain number of rounds N and to estimate the entropy (I) of each output for each quantum state of the stream of quantum stat

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a system for avoiding freezing of at least one component of a cryogenic fluid inside a cryogenic heat exchanger by measuring a physical property allowing to indirectly determine the risk of freezing of the least one component of the cryogenic fluid inside the cryogenic heat exchanger.

Abstract: A liquefaction and subcooling system, comprising a refrigeration device to provide a refrigerant fluid at a first and a second cold temperature that correspond to temperatures of the first and second gases, a subcooling arrangement coupled to the refrigeration device such that the refrigerant fluid is supplied to the subcooling arrangement, the subcooling arrangement having first and second subcoolers for exchanging heat between a gas to be liquefied and/or subcooled and the refrigerant fluid, wherein, when the gas to be liquefied and/or subcooled is the first gas, the refrigeration device is configured to provide the refrigerant fluid and the subcooling arrangement is configured to guide the refrigerant fluid and the gas through the first subcooler; and, when the gas to be liquefied and/or subcooled is the second gas, the refrigeration device is configured to provide the refrigerant fluid.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a Quantum Random Number Generator comprising an emitting device (110) triggered by a signal representing an input bit x and adapted to generate and send a physical system (130) characterized by one of two possible quantum states determined by said input bit x, a measurement device (120) adapted to detect said physical system, to identify the quantum state of said physical system through an unambiguous state discrimination measurement and to generate an output b first representing whether the quantum state has been identified or not and, if it has been identified, which quantum state among the two possible quantum states was detected by the unambiguous state discrimination measurement to a processing device (140), the processing device (140) being adapted to estimate the entropy of the output b given the probabilities p(b|x) representing the probability of observing output b for a state preparation x, and a randomness extraction device (150) adapted to extract final random bit stre

Abstract: Ultrasonic welding device having a sonotrode (28) and an anvil (26), in which a flat part and at least one joining part are arranged between the sonotrode (28) and the anvil (26) during ultrasonic welding, and wherein a fastening element is held in a positively locking manner between the flat part and the joining part, and a damping element (22) that presses on the fastening element (8a) is provided, which is pressed on the fastening element in such a way that a relative movement between the fastening element and the flat part and/or the joining part is restricted during ultrasonic welding.

Abstract: Ultrasonic welding device having a sonotrode (28) and an anvil (26), in which a flat part and at least one joining part are arranged between the sonotrode (28) and the anvil (26) during ultrasonic welding, and wherein a fastening element is held in a positively locking manner between the flat part and the joining part, and a damping element (22) that presses on the fastening element (8a) is provided, which is pressed on the fastening element in such a way that a relative movement between the fastening element and the flat part and/or the joining part is restricted during ultrasonic welding

Abstract: The invention is directed to a Quantum Random Number Generator comprising an emitting device (110) triggered by a signal representing an input bit x and adapted to generate and send a physical system (130) characterized by one of two possible quantum states determined by said input bit x, a measurement device (120) adapted to detect said physical system, to identify the quantum state of said physical system through an unambiguous state discrimination measurement and to generate an output b first representing whether the quantum state has been identified or not and, if it has been identified, which quantum state among the two possible quantum states was detected by the unambiguous state discrimination measurement to a processing device (140), the processing device (140) being adapted to estimate the entropy of the output b given the probabilities p(b|x) representing the probability of observing output b for a state preparation x, and a randomness extraction device (150) adapted to extract final random bit stre

Abstract: Ultrasonic welding device having a sonotrode (28) and an anvil (26), in which a flat part and at least one joining part are arranged between the sonotrode (28) and the anvil (26) during ultrasonic welding, and wherein a fastening element is held in a positively locking manner between the flat part and the joining part, and a damping element (22) that presses on the fastening element (8a) is provided, which is pressed on the fastening element in such a way that a relative movement between the fastening element and the flat part and/or the joining part is restricted during ultrasonic welding