Abstract: Provided are methods and systems for propagating plant material and the plant cells obtained thereby. The method comprises providing a solution comprising a plurality of plant protoplasts comprising an encapsulation medium or encapsulation medium precursor, introducing the solution into a microfluidic device, forming droplets of the solution in the microfluidic device, at least some of which encapsulate a single protoplast, causing the encapsulation medium or encapsulation medium precursor to gelify in the microfluidic device, and collecting the encapsulated protoplasts. The system comprises a microfluidic device comprising a droplet generator, a first injection system comprising a first liquid and configured for injecting the first liquid into the droplet generator, and a second injection system comprising a second liquid and configured for separately injecting a second liquid that is immiscible with the first liquid into the droplet generator.

Abstract: An off-board navigation application is provided that is configured to be stored in memory on a wireless portable device. The application comprises a menu hierarchy including a series of pages to be presented on a screen of the device. The pages include a category page having a list of categories. The categories each are associated with points of interest (POIs). The menu hierarchy includes an address page presenting address information related to a selected point of interest (POI). The address page includes a function option that directs the portable device to transmit wirelessly a navigation information request to a remote server. The menu hierarchy includes a navigation page configured to present navigation information that is received wirelessly by the portable device from the remote server in response to the navigation information request.