Abstract: A system includes a processor. The processor is configured to receive network traffic that includes a data block. The processor will generate a unique identifier (UID) for the file that includes a hash value corresponding to the file. The processor will determine whether the file is indicated as good or bad with the previously-stored UID. The processor will call a file-type specific detection nugget corresponding to the file's file-type to perform a full file inspection to detect whether the file is good or bad and store a result of the inspection together with the UID of the file, when the file is determined to be not listed in the previously-stored UIDs. The processor will not call the file-type specific detection nugget when the file's indicator is “good” or “bad” in the previously-stored UIDs. The processor will issue an alert about the bad file when the file's indicator is “bad”.

Abstract: A system includes a processor. The processor is configured to receive network traffic that includes a data block. The processor will generate a unique identifier (UID) for the file that includes a hash value corresponding to the file. The processor will determine whether the file is indicated as good or bad with the previously-stored UID. The processor will call a file-type specific detection nugget corresponding to the file's file-type to perform a full file inspection to detect whether the file is good or bad and store a result of the inspection together with the UID of the file, when the file is determined to be not listed in the previously-stored UIDs. The processor will not call the file-type specific detection nugget when the file's indicator is “good” or “bad” in the previously-stored UIDs. The processor will issue an alert about the bad file when the file's indicator is “bad”.

Abstract: A packet transmitted on a network is read and decoded. A network device and its operating system are identified by analyzing the decoded packet. If more than one operating system is identified from the decoded packet, the operating system is selecting by comparing confidence values assigned to the operating systems identified. A client application running on the network device is identified from the decoded packet or subsequent packets that are read, decoded and analyzed. The network topology of a network is determined by reading, decoding, and analyzing a plurality of packets. A flow between two network devices is determined by reading, decoding, and analyzing a plurality of packets. Vulnerabilities are assigned to operating systems and client applications identified by reading, decoding, and analyzing packets. Network configuration policy is enforced on operating systems and client applications identified by reading, decoding, and analyzing packets.