Abstract: Previous systems and methods for personalizing web content presented to a user has been achieved in a decentralized manner by storing personal data relating to the user repeatedly by different content providing servers. Consequently, the consistency of the data stored can be inconsistent and, in some cases, incomplete. Additionally, the user does not have any control over the dissemination of the content. The present invention provides a system, apparatus and method whereby web related data is modified in communications between user equipment units and content providing servers. The modification to the web related data is carried out by a proxy server (20) having access to centrally stored personal data in a data store (22). Consequently, data provided to content providing servers is consistent, complete and the information provided by the content providing servers to the user has a higher degree of relevance to the user.

Abstract: A compensator for optical transmission systems exploits gain tilt inherent in optical amplifiers. The amount of SRS induced spectral power gradient is determined, and the amplifier gain is changed to cause a compensating gain gradient in the optical amplifier to compensate for the SRS induced spectral power gradient. Fewer components are needed, and so it can be less expensive. It can be implemented as a simple software upgrade to existing systems. Many such compensators can be distributed through the system, without requiring a large inventory of individually specified filters. More accurate compensation can be achieved by making it dependent on the distribution of wavelengths within a band.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of balancing the power level of an optical signal within an aggregate of optical signals in an amplified dense wavelength division multiplexing DWDM optical network, as well as power balancing apparatus therefor.

Abstract: In IPv6, a multi-homed domain comprises more than one connection to domains disposed hierarchically above the multi-homed domain. Consequently, more than one set of IP addresses exists corresponding to the more than one connection between the multi-homed domain and the hierarchically higher domains, respectively. At present, a first host associated with the multi-homed domain must choose between one of the more than one set of IP addresses in ignorance of the existence of a fault condition arising in connection with one of the sets of IP addresses, resulting in the first host becoming unreachable by a second host located elsewhere in the Internet. The present invention therefore provides a system, method and apparatus whereby a given domain transmits an address prefix to domains disposed hierarchically below the given domain and forward address prefixes received from domains disposed hierarchically above the given domain to domains disposed hierarchically below the given domain.