Abstract: Described are methods and compositions for processes of preparing a radioactive solution of Sn-117m tetraiodide. Aspects include reacting a radioactive solid Sn containing Sn-117m with a solution of I2 in an organic solvent at a temperature and for a duration sufficient to result in the formation of Sn-117m tetraiodide. Then, the organic solvent is removed by evaporation to leave dry Sn-117m tetraiodide. The organic solvent is a low boiling point solvent capable of dissolving I2 and Sn tetraiodide. The organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol and a chlorinated solvent. In embodiments may be selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, or mixtures thereof. In embodiments, the organic solvent excludes alcohol. The I2 may be in a slight molar excess to the radioactive solid Sn. The method may further include distilling the reactants to remove excess I2 from the distillate.

Abstract: Described are methods and compositions for processes of preparing a radioactive solution of Sn-117m tetraiodide. Aspects include reacting a radioactive solid Sn containing Sn-117m with a solution of I2 in an organic solvent at a temperature and for a duration sufficient to result in the formation of Sn-117m tetraiodide. Then, the organic solvent is removed by evaporation to leave dry Sn-117m tetraiodide. The organic solvent is a low boiling point solvent capable of dissolving I2 and Sn tetraiodide. The organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol and a chlorinated solvent. In embodiments may be selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, or mixtures thereof. In embodiments, the organic solvent excludes alcohol. The I2 may be in a slight molar excess to the radioactive solid Sn. The method may further include distilling the reactants to remove excess I2 from the distillate.

Abstract: An acid solution and method of making an acid solution are provided. The method includes exposing a reactant solution to an energy beam to form the acid solution, the reactant solution includes water and a salt. The salt is selected from a group consisting of a chloride salt and a bromide salt and the acid solution is selected from a group consisting of a hypochlorous acid solution and a hypobromous acid solution.

Abstract: Low dose radiation, including conversion electron energy induces apoptosis in peripheral macrophages and CNS microglia. The transport of Sn-117m, a conversion electron emitter has been shown to be deliverable into the CNS across the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multi-ligand receptor member of the immunoglobulin super family which is able to bind A13 peptide and 13-sheet fibrils. It is expressed in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, microglia and neurons, and is implicated in the transport of A13 through the BBB, oxidative stress-mediated neurotoxicity, and adverse microglia inflammatory responses. The interaction between RAGE and its ligands is thought to result in pro-inflammatory gene activation. Enhanced levels of RAGE ligands in Alzheimer's disease are thought to contribute to the cause of this disorder.

Abstract: Tin(IV)-117m is reduced by an acidic antimony solution to tin(II)-117m. A chelant is added to the solution of tin(II)-117m, and the pH is raised, forming tin(II)-117m chelant complex. The chelant is a bifunctional chelant, preferably attached to a bioactive molecule and reacted with the tin(II)-117m to form a radiopharmaceutical.

Abstract: Described are methods and compositions for processes of preparing a radioactive solution of Sn-117m tetraiodide. Aspects include reacting a radioactive solid Sn containing Sn-117m with a solution of I2 in an organic solvent at a temperature and for a duration sufficient to result in the formation of Sn-117m tetraiodide. Then, the organic solvent is removed by evaporation to leave dry Sn-117m tetraiodide. The organic solvent is a low boiling point solvent capable of dissolving I2 and Sn tetraiodide. The organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol and a chlorinated solvent. In embodiments may be selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, or mixtures thereof. In embodiments, the organic solvent excludes alcohol. The I2 may be in a slight molar excess to the radioactive solid Sn. The method may further include distilling the reactants to remove excess I2 from the distillate.

Abstract: A method of purifying a high specific activity Sn-117m composition is provided that includes extracting an iodide complex of Sn-117m with an organic solvent from an acidic aqueous cadmium solution comprising a dissolved irradiated cadmium target, an acid, and a source of iodide. The organic solvent layer comprising the iodide complex of Sn-117m is substantially reduced in cadmium content. The Sn-117m may be back extracted into an aqueous solution.

Abstract: Tin-117m somatostatin analogues or antagonist are used to treat tumors and symptoms associated with these tumors which express somatostatin receptors, such as gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The tin-117m somatostatin receptor binding compounds can be administered at a dosage which is effectively apoptotic and not necrotic. Also, if desired, it can be administered at a dose that is necrotic and/or induces necrosis, but only to cells within 290 microns of the tin-117m atom. A novel somatostatin analogue is also disclosed, as well as novel methods to produce the tin labeled analogues and antagonists.

Abstract: Amine modified dextran is labeled with mannose molecules as well as tin-117m. This tin-117m labeled mannose modified dextran is useful in treating maladies that express CD206, in particular rheumatoid arthritis, as well as the cancer typically located in the lymph nodes. This provides a systemic treatment for such maladies. The tin-117m will destroy cells to which it is bonded and also can be imaged. Further, due to the nature of the radiation from the tin-117m, it does not do significant damage to nearby healthy cells.

Abstract: A colloidal suspension of hyaluronic acid and Sn-117m is used to treat joint inflammation. In one embodiment, Sn-117m is bonded to hyaluronic acid. Alternately, the Sn-117m can be dissolved in the hyaluronic acid colloidal suspension. This is injected into an inflamed joint, providing short-term and long-term relief.

Abstract: A method of purifying a high specific activity Sn-117m composition is provided that includes extracting an iodide complex of Sn-117m with an organic solvent from an acidic aqueous cadmium solution comprising a dissolved irradiated cadmium target, an acid, and a source of iodide. The organic solvent layer comprising the iodide complex of Sn-117m is substantially reduced in cadmium content. The Sn-117m may be back extracted into an aqueous solution.

Abstract: Tin-117m somatostatin analogues or antagonist are used to treat tumors and symptoms associated with these tumors which express somatostatin receptors, such as gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The tin-117m somatostatin receptor binding compounds can be administered at a dosage which is effectively apoptotic and not necrotic. Also, if desired, it can be administered at a dose that is necrotic and/or induces necrosis, but only to cells within 290 microns of the tin-117m atom. A novel somatostatin analogue is also disclosed, as well as novel methods to produce the tin labeled analogues and antagonists.

Abstract: Tin-117m somatoostatin analogs or antagonist are used to treat tumors and symptoms associated with these tumors which express somatostatin receptors, such as gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The tin-117m somatostatin receptor binding compounds can be administered at a dosage which is effectively apoptotic and not necrotic. Also, if desired, it can be administered at a dose that is necrotic and/or induces necrosis, but only to cells within 290 microns of the tin-117m atom. A novel somatostatin analog is also disclosed, as well as novel methods to produce the tin labeled analogs and antagonists.

Abstract: Methods for producing Tc-99m radioisotope by proton irradiation of a fluid target matrix. A method of producing Tc-99m includes irradiating a fluid target matrix comprising Mo-100 with a proton beam to transform at least a portion of Mo-100 to Tc-99m. Optionally, the fluid target matrix further includes at least one of O-18, O-16, or N-14, which upon exposure to the proton beam concurrently transform at least a portion of O-18 to F-18, at least a portion of O-16 to N-13, at least a portion of the O-16 to O-15, or at least a portion of N-14 to C-11. The method further includes isolating Tc-99m and optionally at least one of F-18, N-13, O-15, or C-11 from the irradiated fluid target matrix. An additional source of Tc-99m is available from the decay of Mo-99 that is co-produced from the Mo-100 during irradiation with the proton beam.

Abstract: Immune, inflammatory and degenerative arthritides, including rheumatoid arthritis, hemophiliac arthropathy and osteoarthritis, can be treated using a systemic or intra-articular radiosynovectomy technique in which the radionuclide is high specific activity tin-117m. Tin-117m can either be bound to a colloid typically used in an intra-articular radiosynovectomy (RSV), or can be tin-117m annexin for RSV and systemic administration.

Abstract: Tin-117m somatoostatin analogues or antagonist are used to treat tumors and symptoms associated with these tumors which express somatostatin receptors, such as gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The tin-117m somatostatin receptor binding compounds can be administered at a dosage which is effectively apoptotic and not necrotic. Also, if desired, it can be administered at a dose that is necrotic and/or induces necrosis, but only to cells within 290 microns of the tin-117m atom. A novel somatostatin analogue is also disclosed, as well as novel methods to produce the tin labeled analogues and antagonists.

Abstract: Methods for producing Tc-99m radioisotope by proton irradiation of a fluid target matrix. A method of producing Tc-99m includes irradiating a fluid target matrix comprising Mo-100 with a proton beam to transform at least a portion of Mo-100 to Tc-99m. Optionally, the fluid target matrix further includes at least one of O-18, O-16, or N-14, which upon exposure to the proton beam concurrently transform at least a portion of O-18 to F-18, at least a portion of O-16 to N-13, at least a portion of the O-16 to O-15, or at least a portion of N-14 to C-11. The method further includes isolating Tc-99m and optionally at least one of F-18, N-13, O-15, or C-11 from the irradiated fluid target matrix. An additional source of Tc-99m is available from the decay of Mo-99 that is co-produced from the Mo-100 during irradiation with the proton beam.

Abstract: A method for associating information with an article, an isotopic labeling composition to label an article with information using at least two different isotopes of an element, and an article labeled with the labeling composition. In the labeling composition, the isotopes of the labeling composition have an abundance ratio that is detectably different from the natural abundance ratio thereof. By detecting the abundance ratio(s) of the isotopes in the labeling composition, via laser ablation/magnetic spectroscopy, an NQR spectrometer, an NMR spectrometer, an IR spectrometer, or a microwave spectrometer, information about the article can be determined. The method and labeling composition may be used to identify, authenticate or determine the source or origin of an article or to provide detailed information about an article.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for associating information with an article, an isotopic labeling composition to label an article with information using at least two different isotopes of an element, and an article labeled with the labeling composition. In the labeling composition, the isotopes of the labeling composition have an abundance ratio that is detectably different from the natural abundance ratio thereof. By detecting the abundance ratio(s) of the isotopes in the labeling composition, via laser ablation/magnetic spectroscopy, an NQR spectrometer, an NMR spectrometer, an IR spectrometer, or a microwave spectrometer, information about the article can be determined. The invention may be used to identify, authenticate or determine the source or origin of an article or to provide detailed information about an article.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for associating information with an article, an isotopic labeling composition to label an article with information using at least two different isotopes of an element, and an article labeled with the labeling composition. In the labeling composition, the isotopes of the labeling composition have an abundance ratio that is detectably different from the natural abundance ratio thereof. By detecting the abundance ratio(s) of the isotopes in the labeling composition, via laser ablation/magnetic spectroscopy, an NQR spectrometer, an NMR spectrometer, an IR spectrometer, or a microwave spectrometer, information about the article can be determined. The invention may be used to identify, authenticate or determine the source or origin of an article or to provide detailed information about an article.