Abstract: The present invention relates to a microelectrode array device and method for biological imaging comprising a well for containing a liquid medium; an optically transparent substrate; and a microelectrode array comprising multiple electrode pads. Each electrode pad comprises a conductive film having a thickness between 5 nm and 1000 nm comprising a carbon nanotube network and/or graphene. The microelectrode array further comprises at least one counter electrode and electrically conductive traces connecting the electrode pads with a voltage source and connecting the at least one counter electrode with the voltage source such that a potential difference can be provided between the electrode pads and the counter electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating or surface treatment method. In the method, a substrate holder and slot die head are provided. The slot die head has a slit nozzle. A substrate is mounted on the substrate holder. The substrate is moved relative to the slit nozzle by supplying an electrically conductive liquid through the slit nozzle onto the substrate such that the liquid is deposited onto the substrate. A power source applies an electrical potential difference between the slit nozzle and the substrate while the conductive liquid is supplied through the slit nozzle to the substrate. The power source applies a first electrical potential to the slit nozzle and a second, different electrical potential to the substrate.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a disposable multilayer test strip comprising a substrate onto which is deposited an electrode assembly comprising a carbon-based working electrode, a carbon-based counter electrode, a pseudoreference electrode, wherein the pseudo reference electrode, the working electrode and the counter electrode, are arranged adjacent to each other in the same plane, contacts for contacting the electrodes directly to a voltage supply, and the test strip further comprises a permselective membrane layer. The electrodes of the electrode assembly layer are electrically separated from one another and said electrode assembly layer is positioned between the substrate and the permselective membrane layer. The permselective membrane has a structure adapted to allow passage of one or more electronically neutral analytes in a sample to be analysed across the permselective membrane to the electrode assembly.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided multilayer test strip comprising a substrate onto which is deposited an electrode assembly layer comprising a carbon-based working electrode, a carbon-based counter electrode, a pseudoreference electrode, wherein the pseudo reference electrode, the working electrode and the counter electrode, are arranged adjacent to each other in the same plane, contacts for contacting the electrodes directly to a voltage supply, and the test strip further comprises a permselective membrane layer, said electrodes of the electrode assembly layer being electrically separated from one another and said electrode assembly layer being positioned between the substrate and the permselective membrane layer.