Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for determining a refractive error of an eye are disclosed. A series of images of light coming from an eye are captured with varying optical powers, and the refractive error is then calculated based directly on the series of images used as approximate point spread functions. The calculation includes determining a modulation transfer area as a function of meridian angle and optical power in an angle range from 0° to 180° based on the series of images, and to calculate the refractive error based on the modulation transfer area as a function of angle and optical power.

Abstract: A device and a method for determining an ocular aberration of at least one eye of a user are disclosed. The device contains a wavefront sensing unit for measuring at least one optical wavefront with at least one light beam, from which an ocular aberration of the at least one eye of the user is determined. The device further contains at least one diffractive element for generating multiple diffraction orders in the light beam in two meridians in a manner that the multiple diffraction orders are spatially separated on the wavefront sensing unit and in the eye of the user. The device and the method allow generating an ocular defocus map in a one-shot assessment in real-time, especially by employing an automated measurement of the ocular aberrations with regard to different eccentricities of the eye of the user in two meridians.

Abstract: Apparatuses or methods for determining a refractive error of an eye are disclosed. An intensity of light coming from an eye is measured, using a detector device, through at least two or at least three different apertures of the aperture device. The refractive error is then calculated based on the measured intensities.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for determining a refractive error of an eye are disclosed. A series of images of light coming from an eye are captured with varying optical powers, and the refractive error is then calculated based directly on the series of images used as approximate point spread functions. The calculation includes determining a modulation transfer area as a function of meridian angle and optical power in an angle range from 0° to 180° based on the series of images, and to calculate the refractive error based on the modulation transfer area as a function of angle and optical power.

Abstract: Apparatuses or methods for determining a refractive error of an eye are disclosed. An intensity of light coming from an eye is measured, using a detector device, through at least two or at least three different apertures of the aperture device. The refractive error is then calculated based on the measured intensities.

Abstract: A device, a method, and a computer program for producing two point light sources of the same wavelength on a pupil plane of an eye of a user are disclosed, as well as a device, a method, and a computer program for determining a neural transfer function of the visual pathway of the user. The device for determining the neural transfer function includes a coherent light source for generating a light beam; an optical device for separating the light beam into sub-light beams, superpositioning the respective sub-light beams, and adjusting contrast and spatial phase in an interference pattern; and a beam path for guiding the superposed sub-light beams such that two point light sources of the same wavelength are produced. The devices are compact and robust, allow a variable presentation of different interference patterns, and can thus be easily operated in a commercial product in a clinical setting.

Abstract: A device and a method for determining an ocular aberration of at least one eye of a user are disclosed. The device contains a wavefront sensing unit for measuring at least one optical wavefront with at least one light beam, from which an ocular aberration of the at least one eye of the user is determined. The device further contains at least one diffractive element for generating multiple diffraction orders in the light beam in two meridians in a manner that the multiple diffraction orders are spatially separated on the wavefront sensing unit and in the eye of the user. The device and the method allow generating an ocular defocus map in a one-shot assessment in real-time, especially by employing an automated measurement of the ocular aberrations with regard to different eccentricities of the eye of the user in two meridians.

Abstract: A device, a method, and a computer program for producing two point light sources of the same wavelength on a pupil plane of an eye of a user are disclosed, as well as a device, a method, and a computer program for determining a neural transfer function of the visual pathway of the user. The device for determining the neural transfer function includes a coherent light source for generating a light beam; an optical device for separating the light beam into sub-light beams, superpositioning the respective sub-light beams, and adjusting contrast and spatial phase in an interference pattern; and a beam path for guiding the superposed sub-light beams such that two point light sources of the same wavelength are produced. The devices are compact and robust, allow a variable presentation of different interference patterns, and can thus be easily operated in a commercial product in a clinical setting.