Abstract: The invention relates to a process for upgrading pyrolysis tar, such as steam cracker tar, in the presence of a utility fluid. The utility fluid contains 2-ring and/or 3-ring aromatics and has solubility blending number (SBN)?120. The invention also relates to the upgraded pyrolysis tar and to the use of the upgraded pyrolysis tar, for example, for fuel oil blending.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the production of xylenes from syngas, in which the syngas is converted to an aromatic product by reaction with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and an aromatization catalyst. The Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and aromatization catalyst may be different catalysts or combined into a single catalyst. The aromatic product is then subjected to selective alkylation with methanol and/or carbon monoxide and hydrogen to increase its p-xylene content.

Abstract: The invention relates to pyrolysis tar upgrading processes, and in particular for decreasing reactor pressure drop when the upgrading includes converting pyrolysis tar in a reactor. The invention also relates to upgraded pyrolysis tar, and the use of upgraded pyrolysis tar, e.g., as a fuel oil blending component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a utility fluid, such as a fluid containing aromatic and non-aromatic ringed molecules, useful as a diluent when hydroprocessing pyrolysis tar, such as steam cracker tar. The specified utility fluid comprises ?10.0 wt % aromatic and non-aromatic ring compounds and each of the following: (a) ?1.0 wt % of 1.0 ring class compounds; (b) ?5.0 wt % of 1.5 ring class compounds; (c) ?5.0 wt % of 2.0 ring class compounds; and (d) ?0.1 wt % of 5.0 ring class compounds. The invention also relates to methods for producing such a utility fluid and to processes for hydroprocessing pyrolysis tar.

Abstract: The invention relates to converting a mixture of carbon monoxide and molecular hydrogen to an alcohol mixture, which is separated into a first, methanol-containing stream and a second, C2+ alcohol-containing stream. The first stream's methanol is reacted to produce a mixture of aromatics and aliphatics. The second stream's C2+ alcohol is converted to hydrocarbon including ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: Processes for catalytically converting oxygenates to hydrocarbon products having an increased C6-C8 aromatics content therein. A first mixture comprising ?10.0 wt. % of at least one oxygenate, based on the weight of the first mixture, contacts a catalyst in a fluidized bed reactor to produce a product stream including water, one or more hydrocarbons comprising ?30.0 wt. % of aromatics, based on the weight of the hydrocarbons in the product stream, hydrogen, and one or more oxygenates. The catalyst comprises at least one molecular sieve, a binder, and at least one element selected from Groups 2-14 of the Periodic Table. At least one water-rich stream, at least one aromatic-rich hydrocarbon stream, and at least one aromatic-depleted hydrocarbon stream are separated from the product stream, and at least a portion of one of the aromatic-rich hydrocarbon stream or the aromatic-depleted hydrocarbon stream is recycled back to the reactor.

Abstract: Methods are provided for conversion of methanol and/or dimethyl ether to aromatics, such as a para-xylene, and olefins, such as ethylene and propylene. The methods can be used in conjunction with molecular sieve (zeolite) catalysts that are prepared for use in conjunction with selected effective conversion conditions. The combination of a catalyst and a corresponding effective conversion condition can allow for improved yield aromatics and olefins generally; improved yield of desired aromatics and olefins, such as para-xylene, ethylene, and/or propylene; reduced production of less desirable side products, such as methane, CO, CO2, and/or coke; or a combination thereof. The preparation of the catalyst can include modification of the catalyst with a transition metal, such as Zn or Ga. The preparation of the catalyst can also include steaming of the catalyst. In some aspects, the preparation of the catalyst can further include modifying the catalyst with phosphorous.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to the ultrasmall MOx nanoparticles that are made in a solvothermal method using water soluble inorganic ammonium salt precursors of the MOx and organic amines, and slow heating to generate uniform ultrasmall MOx nanoparticles of 5 nm or less, as well as methods to make and use same.

Abstract: Carbon monoxide and molecular hydrogen are converted to an alcohol mixture, which is separated into a first, methanol-containing stream and a second, C2+alcohol-containing stream. The first stream's methanol is converted into a propylene-rich product, and the second stream's C2+ alcohol is converted to ethylene and additional propylene.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to the ultrasmall MOx nanoparticles that are made in a solvothermal method using water soluble inorganic ammonium salt precursors of the MOx and organic amines, and slow heating to generate uniform ultrasmall MOx nanoparticles of 5 nm or less, as well as methods to make and use same.