Abstract: The invention relates to the technology for the production of celluloses having improved properties and increased reactivity, and can be used in their chemical processing, including finished batches for the production of nitrocellulose and other products. A method for improving the quality and reactivity of cellulose comprises the following steps: impregnating and hydrolyzing the cellulose in a hydrolysis solution, filtering it from the hydrolysis solution, washing it with squeezing and drying. Moreover, the stages of impregnation and hydrolysis of cellulose in hydrolysis solution, filtration from hydrolysis solution, washing, squeezing and drying are carried out with simultaneous thermovacuum-impulse action by cycles, each of which includes the heating of cellulose to a temperature of not more than 115° C., high-speed impulse action of vacuum for time of less than 10 seconds, followed by exposure of the cellulose under vacuum and vacuum relief.

Abstract: The invention relates to the technology of recovery of rare-earth elements form both solid fossil and technology-related materials obtained by means of their target-oriented processing. Rare-earth elements recovery method include the acid leaching of ground to less than 100 ?m solid fossil and technology-related materials with the mixture of sulphuric and nitric acid at ratio from 6:1 to 1:1 mass parts, at the concentration in mixture of acids less than 15 wt. % at liquid/solid phases ratio of L:S from 2:1 to 6:1 mass parts. During the leaching operation progress the vacuum-impulse action is conducted during all operation of transferring of rare-earth elements compounds into a solution and obtaining of a precipitate of remained solid fossil and technology-related materials. The obtained precipitate of solid fossil and technology-related materials is separated from leaching solution. Separation of rare-earth elements from leaching solution is conducted using ion-exchange filter or membrane filter.

Abstract: The invention relates to the chemical industry, namely to the production method of cellulose from all types of plant cellulose-containing raw material. The method includes raw material impregnation and hydrolysis in a hydrolysis solution, cellulose filtration, washing with water, filtration and drying, accompanied with the use of cycles that include heating of the material to a temperature of 115° C. or less, high-speed impulse action of vacuum with a pressure change in the range up to 5 mm Hg for a time of less than 10 seconds, followed by exposure under vacuum and vacuum relief. Both solution of nitric or sulphuric acids, their mixture and alkaline solution can be used as hydrolysis solution. Technical result of the claimed method consists in. reducing the duration of the cellulose hydrolysis process, reducing the temperature of the processes while obtaining the required chemical and structural homogeneity of the cellulose.

Abstract: Invention refers to the pneumatic transport field, namely to vacuum-pneumatic transportation of bulk materials of high mass concentrations through the long-distance pipelines. The invention can be used in various fields of technology, particularly when it is necessary to carry out the technological processes and transportation processes simultaneously. The device comprises at the inlet the suction pipeline with bulk material input part having vertical and horizontal sections connected to bulk material discharger. Bulk material discharger is provided with the sluice gate and vacuum gauge and connected to vacuum pump. This connection is realized through two or more vacuum receivers, interconnected in parallel by air ducts with high-speed valves so that on the one side of the receivers the air ducts are connected to suction pipe of vacuum pump, and on the other side of the receivers the air ducts are connected to the discharger.

Abstract: Invention refers to the pneumatic transport field, namely to vacuum-pneumatic transportation of bulk materials of high mass concentrations through the long-distance pipelines. The invention can be used in various fields of technology, particularly when it is necessary to carry out the technological processes and transportation processes simultaneously. The device comprises at the inlet the suction pipeline with bulk material input part having vertical and horizontal sections connected to bulk material discharger. Bulk material discharger is provided with the sluice gate and vacuum gauge and connected to vacuum pump. This connection is realized through two or more vacuum receivers, interconnected in parallel by air ducts with high-speed valves so that on the one side of the receivers the air ducts are connected to suction pipe of vacuum pump, and on the other side of the receivers the air ducts are connected to the discharger.

Abstract: Invention refers to the pneumatic transport field, namely to vacuum-pneumatic transportation of bulk materials of high mass concentrations. Summary of the invention consist in that the material delivering from zone under atmospheric pressure into zone under vacuum is performed, at that vacuum is created by alternate action of vacuum impulses from one of two or more vacuum receivers connected to continuous vacuum source in such a way that under vacuum impulse action from one of receivers it synchronically, for the vacuum action duration period, disconnects from continuous vacuum source and the following receiver connects to continuous vacuum source. Invention allows transporting the bulk material of high concentrations through pipelines of long distances and having the sections of changeable transportation directions (vertical, slope.

Abstract: The invention relates to the technology of recovery of rare-earth elements form both solid fossil and technology-related materials obtained by means of their target-oriented processing. Rare-earth elements recovery method include the acid teaching of ground to less than 100 ?m solid fossil and technology-related materials with the mixture of sulphuric and nitric acid at ratio from 6:1 to 1:1 mass parts, at the concentration in mixture of acids less than 15 wt. % at liquid/solid phases ratio of L:S from 2:1 to 6:1 mass parts. During the teaching operation progress the vacuum-impulse action is conducted curing all operation of transferring of rare-earth elements compounds into a solution and obtaining of a precipitate of remained solid fossil and technology-related materials. The obtained precipitate of solid fossil and technology-related materials is separated from leaching solution. Separation of rare-earth elements from teaching solution is conducted using Ion-exchange filter or membrane filter.

Abstract: Invention refers to the pneumatic transport field, namely to vacuum-pneumatic transportation of bulk materials of high mass concentrations. Summary of the invention consist in that the material delivering from zone under atmospheric pressure into zone under vacuum is performed, at that vacuum is created by alternate action of vacuum impulses from one of two or more vacuum receivers connected to continuous vacuum source in such a way that under vacuum impulse action from one of receivers it synchronically, for the vacuum, action duration period, disconnects from continuous vacuum, source and the following receiver connects to continuous vacuum source. Invention allows transporting the bulk material of high concentrations through pipelines of long distances and having the sections of changeable transportation directions (vertical slope.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for recovering rare earth elements, in particular, from phosphogypsum. The claimed method comprises acidic extraction of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum using sulfuric acid-nitric acid mixture solution at 3.2-1.2 ratio with concentration of 1-3% by weight and at liquids-solids ratio of 4-5 within 8-12 minutes with simultaneous hydroacoustic action on the extraction suspension agent being mixed succeeded by separation of insoluble gypsum from extraction suspension agent and by recovery of rare earth elements from extraction solution using cation-exchange sorption by passing the latter through cation-exchange filter. The claimed method allows both to increase the recovery rate of rare earth elements and to reduce by half the time of the process accomplished at lower concentrations and with smaller volumes of acidic reagents.

Abstract: The invention relates to the grinding method with simultaneous homogenization of powder-like materials with liquid components in construction engineering, chemical and other industries. The roller breaker-homogenizer comprises a cone-shaped backing roll and not less than three driven rolls and driven rolls, the large bases of which face reverse directions. The rolls are arranged in the case with a replaceable cup vertically at the same level so that the driven rolls are located epicyclically relative to the backing roll and mounted in cantilever fashion in the case cover rotation bearing assemblies, and the backing roll is connected axially with a drive shaft via a spring coupling. An appliance used to regulate the spring coupling pressing force is mounted between the drive and spring coupling. The case cover has an opening for loading basic process materials above the upper end surface of the backing roll, and an anchor-type mixer is fixed on the lower end surface of the backing roll.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for recovering rare earth elements, in particular, from phosphogypsum. The claimed method comprises acidic extraction of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum using sulfuric acid-nitric acid mixture solution at 3.2-1.2 ratio with concentration of 1-3% by weight and at liquids-solids ratio of 4-5 within 8-12 minutes with simultaneous hydroacoustic action on the extraction suspension agent being mixed succeeded by separation of insoluble gypsum from extraction suspension agent and by recovery of rare earth elements from extraction solution using cation-exchange sorption by passing the latter through cation-exchange filter. The claimed method allows both to increase the recovery rate of rare earth elements and to reduce by half the time of the process accomplished at lower concentrations and with smaller volumes of acidic reagents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to agriculture and, in particular, to the methods used for producing mineral organic fertilizer mixtures based on wastewater sludges. The claimed method involves mixing of wastewater sludges with the detoxicant—highly dispersed sodium humate with particles not larger than 100 ?m and in quantity of not less than 10% of the sludge mass. The invention allows to improve application efficiency of wastewater sludges as fertilizers due to the reduction of heavy metals contained in the sludges.