Abstract: The switched-mode power supply includes a first switch connected to an input terminal for receiving an input voltage, a second switch, a first node between the first switch and the second switch. The switched-mode power supply further includes a third switch connected to the input terminal, a fourth switch, and a second node between the third switch and the fourth switch. A first inductor is connected between the first node and an output terminal, a second inductor is connected between the second node and the output terminal, at least one third inductor is connected between the first node and the second node, and a capacitor is connected to the output terminal.

Abstract: A switched mode power supply provides a reduction of switching losses and increased efficiency. The switched mode power supply includes a first switch coupled to an input terminal configured to receive an input voltage, a second switch, an inductor and an output capacitor. The first switch and the second switch are coupled together at a node, the inductor is coupled between the node and an output terminal, and the output capacitor is coupled to the output terminal. The switched mode power supply further includes a transformer coupled between a control input of the first switch and the node and a pulse generator connected to a control input of the second switch. Further, the transformer includes at most two windings, in particular a primary winding and a secondary winding which are not directly connected to each other.

Abstract: A switched mode power supply includes a first switch, a second switch, an inductor, an output capacitor, and a driving circuit for driving the first switch and the second switch. The driving circuit is electrically coupled to a node between the first and second switches.

Abstract: A switched mode power supply provides a reduction of switching losses and increased efficiency. The switched mode power supply includes a first switch coupled to an input terminal configured to receive an input voltage, a second switch, an inductor and an output capacitor. The first switch and the second switch are coupled together at a node, the inductor is coupled between the node and an output terminal, and the output capacitor is coupled to the output terminal. The switched mode power supply further includes a transformer coupled between a control input of the first switch and the node and a pulse generator connected to a control input of the second switch. Further, the transformer includes at most two windings, in particular a primary winding and a secondary winding which are not directly connected to each other.

Abstract: A switched mode power supply includes a first switch, a second switch, an inductor, an output capacitor, and a driving circuit for driving the first switch and the second switch. The driving circuit is electrically coupled to a node between the first and second switches.

Abstract: A switched mode power supply includes a first switch connected to an input terminal for inputting an input voltage, a second switch, an inductor and an output capacitor, a transformer connected to the first switch, and a pulse generator connected to the switch.

Abstract: The switched-mode power supply includes a first switch connected to an input terminal for receiving an input voltage, a second switch, a first node between the first switch and the second switch. The switched-mode power supply further includes a third switch connected to the input terminal, a fourth switch, and a second node between the third switch and the fourth switch. A first inductor is connected between the first node and an output terminal, a second inductor is connected between the second node and the output terminal, at least one third inductor is connected between the first node and the second node, and a capacitor is connected to the output terminal.

Abstract: A voltage-controlled oscillator has a resonance tank core providing a voltage-dependent resonance frequency, switching units connected with the resonance tank core for changing output voltage levels of the oscillator with a frequency corresponding to the resonance frequency of the resonance tank core. At least two of the switching units have pairs of Darlington transistors which are connected via a Darlington node. Output terminals are used for outputting the output voltage levels.

Abstract: A voltage-controlled oscillator has a resonance tank core providing a voltage-dependent resonance frequency, switching units connected with the resonance tank core for changing output voltage levels of the oscillator with a frequency corresponding to the resonance frequency of the resonance tank core. At least two of the switching units have pairs of Darlington transistors which are connected via a Darlington node. Output terminals are used for outputting the output voltage levels.

Abstract: Methods to achieve low power consumption, high output amplitude and an improved high frequency stability, and high speed for voltage-controlled oscillators are disclosed These methods includes to provide a current mirror, a power supply voltage Vdd, two single-ended outputs, a lower layer of gain providing structure comprising cross-coupled transistors, an upper layer of gain providing structure, a control voltage, a pair of capacitors to block a DC-connection to the gates of said cross-coupled transistors, a pair of resistors, and an LC-tank. Important steps of these methods include to set the time instances when said transistors of lower layer of gain providing structure open and close, to shut-down the transistors of lower layer of gain providing structure as soon as the energy required to keep the oscillations in said LC-tank is secured, to add additional gain in the amplification loop; and to pump-out charges of the channels of said transistors of said lower layer gain providing structure.

Abstract: Five circuit topologies of Voltage-Controlled Oscillators with Single Inductor (VCO-1L) are proposed. They offer lower power consumption, higher output amplitude, broader tuning range, cleaner spectrum and higher frequency stability seen as lower phase-noise. Most of the achievements are based on the development of active pull-down control circuitries of the timing and active charge dissipation in the transistors. The applications of the present invention are of critical importance for wireless communication systems not allowing any limitations in the frequency range. Among them are base stations and mobile terminals/mobile phones, GSM, PCS/DCS, W-CDMA etc., as well BlueTooth, Wireless LAN, Automotive and ISM band etc. The advanced performance of the circuits is based on important architectural specifics and proven by simulation on advanced CMOS process.

Abstract: Five circuit topologies of Voltage-Controlled Oscillators with Single Inductor (VCO-1L) are proposed. They offer lower power consumption, higher output amplitude, broader tuning range, cleaner s-rum and higher frequency stability seen as lower phase-noise. Most of the achievements are based on the development of active pull-down control circuitries of the timing and active charge dissipation in the transistors. The applications of the present invention are of critical importance for wireless communication systems not allowing any limitations in the frequency range. Among them are base stations and mobile terminals mobile phones, GSM, PCS/DCS, W-CDMA etc., as well BlueTooth, Wireless LAN, Automotive and ISM band etc. The advanced performance of the circuits is based on important architectural specifics and proven by simulation on advanced CMOS process.

Abstract: An oscillator circuit comprises two main transistors (Q1, Q2), between which is provided a positive feedback by connecting each transistor base to the collector of the other transistor via buffer transistors (Q3, Q4). A capacitor (C) is connected between the emitters of the main transistors. The frequency of the oscillator is controlled by two current sources (11, 12), which control the current (I2, I2) flowing through the capacitor (C). Additionally, a compensation current (Icom) is conducted via collector resistors (Rc1, Rc2) of the main transistors such that the current flowing through each resistor is essentially constant and independent of the control current (I1, I2), so the signal amplitude of the oscillator does not change during frequency control.

Abstract: High speed multivibrator circuits operable with lower operating voltages are disclosed. A multivibrator circuit comprises an operating voltage source, first and second nonlinear amplifier components, each comprising a first and a second main electrode and a control electrode, wherein the first main electrode of the second amplifier component is connected to control the control electrode of the first amplifier component, and the first main electrode of the first amplifier component is connected to control the control electrode of the second amplifier component. A capacitor is connected between the second main electrode of the first and second amplifier components. First and second resistors connect the first main electrode of the first and second amplifier components to a first potential of the operating voltage source. A pull-down circuit is connected between the second main electrodes of the first and second amplifier components and a second potential of the operating voltage source.

Abstract: An emitter-coupled multivibrator circuit comprises two transistors (Q1, Q2), between which is provided a positive feedback by connecting each transistor base to the collector of the other transistor. In the multivibrator, the transistors (Q1, Q2) are connected to operating voltages via coils (L1, L2, L3, L4) instead of using conventional resistors and current sources. This lowers the necessary operating voltage, since no DC voltage loss is provided across the coils. Additionally, this improvement increases amplification during the avalanche process and thus the speed of the whole circuit. Further, the waveform of a signal is closer to the sinusoidal form at high frequencies. The speed of the circuit can be increased further by providing an electromagnetic coupling between the coils (L1, L2, L3, L4).

Abstract: An emitter-coupled multivibrator circuit comprises two transistors (Q1, Q2), between which a positive feedback is provided by connecting each transistor base via buffer transistors (Q3, Q4) to the collector of the other transistor. In the multivibrator, the transistors (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) are connected to operating voltages via coils (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6) instead of using conventional resistors and current sources. This lowers the necessary operating voltage, since no DC voltage loss is provided across the coils. Additionally, this improvement increases amplification during the avalanche process and thus the speed of the whole circuit. Further at high frequencies, the waveform of a signal is closer to a sinusoidal form. The speed of the circuit can be increased further by providing an electromagnetic coupling between the coils (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6).

Abstract: A ring oscillator comprising a cascade connection of two or several delay stages (31 to 33), wherein each delay stage comprises two differential pairs of two transistors (Q1, Q2; Q3, Q4; Q5, Q7). In the ring oscillator, the collector resistors and the emitter resistor of a traditional ring oscillator are replaced by coils (L1 to L6) in all stages.

Abstract: The invention relates to a low noise amplifier comprising an input stage and an output stage. The input matching and amplification of the amplifier are carried out by means of a common-base amplifier stage in a first cascade. An additional improvement is the use of a White's cascode with a high input impedance as a second stage of the cascade for matching the high output impedance of the common-base stage. The White's cascode also has a very low and stable output impedance, which serves the output matching very well. Furthermore, both stages have been so modified according to the invention that the collectors of their amplifier transistors are connected to the operating voltage by means of coils instead of resistors.

Abstract: An emitter-coupled multivibrator oscillator circuit including a pair of main transistors (Q1,Q2) having a positive feedback, in which the base of each transistor is connected to the collector of the other transistor via buffer transistors (Q3,Q4). A capacitor (C) is connected between the emitters of the main transistors. The circuit further comprises pull-down transistors (Q5, Q6), cross-connected so that they are positively driven to alternate between a conducting and a non-conducting state according to the states of the main transistors. The frequency of the oscillator is adjusted by controlling the current (I1) passing through the capacitor (C). Additionally, a compensating current (Icom) is arranged to flow through the collector resistors (Rc1,Rc2) of the main transistors so that the total current passing through each resistor is essentially constant and independent of the control current (I1). This way the signal amplitude of the oscillator is not affected by the frequency control.

Abstract: An emitter-coupled multivibrator circuit including a pair of main transistors (Q1,Q2) having a positive feedback, in which the base of each transistor is connected to the collector of the other transistor. A capacitor (C) is connected between the emitters of the main transistors. The circuit further comprises pull-down transistors (Q3,Q4), cross-connected so that they are positively driven to alternate between a conducting and a non-conducting state according to the states of the main transistors. The frequency of the oscillator is adjusted by controlling the current (Icon) passing through the capacitor (C). Additionally, a compensating current (I2) is arranged to flow through the collector resistors (Rc1,Rc2) of the main transistors so that the total current passing through each resistor is essentially constant and independent of the control current (Icon). This way the signal amplitude of the oscillator is not affected by the frequency control.