Abstract: A method of producing a workpiece includes obtaining CAD data representing the workpiece in multiple workpiece layers. The CAD data includes multiple workpiece layer definitions corresponding respectively to the workpiece layers. The method includes selecting a first workpiece layer definition, preparing a powder bed of powder material on a build platform, and producing, based on the selected workpiece layer definition, a workpiece layer on the build platform by controlling a layer tool to selectively melt or sinter the powder material on the build platform. The method includes assessing the produced workpiece layer, including measuring the produced workpiece layer using a measuring head, analyzing the measurements of the produced workpiece layer, and, in response to the analysis indicating that the produced workpiece layer is defective, reprocessing the produced workpiece layer by controlling the layer tool to selectively melt or sinter the powder material on the build platform.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus with a pose measurement function includes a first and second kinematic links, a first measuring link attached to the second kinematic link, a joint connecting the first and second kinematic links, and a sensor capturing a measurement device. Either the measurement device or the sensor is arranged at the first measuring link and is movable jointly with the second kinematic link. The other one is arranged at the first kinematic link and is movable jointly with the first kinematic link. An attachment location of the first measuring link lies closer to an end of the second kinematic link that is remote from the joint than to the joint. The positioning apparatus is configured to ascertain, based on data captured by the sensor, a first relative pose value corresponding to the degree of freedom of the joint and a further relative pose value for another degree of freedom.

Abstract: A system for determining the position of a movable object in space includes a marker which is to be applied to the object. The marker has a surface which is subdivided into a plurality of individual fields. The fields each have a statistical noise pattern. The system also includes an image capture unit which is remote from the object and is arranged to capture an image of the marker. The system further includes an image evaluation unit which stores a reference image of the noise patterns and is designed to locate at least one of the fields in the currently captured image of the marker by comparison with the reference image in order to determine a current position of the marker in space. There are corresponding methods for determining a position the object.

Abstract: A method for operating a joint and a joint for connecting a first joint element to a further joint element are provided. The joint includes the two joint elements, a head element, a socket element, and at least two drive devices. The head element is connected to or formed by the first joint element and the socket element is connected to or formed by the further joint element. The head element and the socket element are mounted movably on one another, and the drive devices are connected via at least one flexible connecting element to the head element or the first joint element, or to the socket element or the further joint element. The at least one connecting element is guided at least section-wise along the head element.

Abstract: A medical apparatus for determining a relative spatial position of a planar marker is provided. The medical apparatus has an illumination device configured to illuminate the marker, a detector configured to detect light steered from the marker to the detector, and an evaluation device configured to determine a direction of a tilt of the marker from an analysis of a first value detected by the detector while the marker is illuminated from a first direction and a second value detected by the detector while the marker is illuminated from a second direction.

Abstract: A position of a movable object is determined with a capture structure having a profile of an optical property that varies along a surface of the capture structure such that the profile corresponds to a progression of numerical values with local maxima and local minima on an ordered scale of the numerical values, and which is interpretable as a first mathematical function of the location. The optical property varies such that a second mathematical function of the location has an absolute maximum corresponding to a maximum value of the optical property. The optical property has assigned corresponding numerical values such that the progression thereof has the local maxima and the local minima and corresponds to the first mathematical function of the location. The position of the movable object is determined by a frequency analysis of the progression of the numerical values of the second mathematical function of the location.

Abstract: A method and a system for determining a 6-DOF-pose of an object in space use at least one marker attached to the object and a plurality of cameras. Perspectives of the cameras are directed to a common measuring space in which the object is positioned. At least one camera from the plurality of cameras is movable such that the movable camera can be adjusted with respect to the object. At least one of the cameras captures an image of said marker attached to the object. Based on the at least one captured image, spatial parameters representing the 3D-position or the 6-DOF-pose of the marker and, consequently, the 6-DOF-pose of the object in space can be determined.

Abstract: A coordinate measuring machine has a measurement head having a point measurement device which measures first coordinates of only a single point on the surface of a workpiece at a given time. An area measurement device records images of a reference surface. A displacement device displaces the measurement head and/or the workpiece such that they assume different relative positions with respect to one another. An evaluation device calculates a shift between images that the area measurement device has recorded of the reference surface at different times at different relative positions, with a stitching algorithm. Based on this, second coordinates of the measurement head, which are defined relative to the reference surface, are determined. By linking the first coordinates with the second coordinates, third coordinates are determined, which define the points on the surface of the workpiece measured by the point measurement device relative to the reference surface.

Abstract: A method of producing a workpiece includes obtaining CAD data representing the workpiece in multiple workpiece layers. The CAD data includes multiple workpiece layer definitions corresponding respectively to the workpiece layers. The method includes selecting a first workpiece layer definition, preparing a powder bed of powder material on a build platform, and producing, based on the selected workpiece layer definition, a workpiece layer on the build platform by controlling a layer tool to selectively melt or sinter the powder material on the build platform. The method includes assessing the produced workpiece layer, including measuring the produced workpiece layer using a measuring head, analyzing the measurements of the produced workpiece layer, and, in response to the analysis indicating that the produced workpiece layer is defective, reprocessing the produced workpiece layer by controlling the layer tool to selectively melt or sinter the powder material on the build platform.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for capturing a mark arrangement including an optical mark arranged on an object, the method including capturing images of the mark arrangement together with points in time, determining first evaluation information by evaluating images captured with a first capturing device and further evaluation information by evaluating images captured with a further capturing device, each of the first and further evaluation information relating to respective points in time at which the images were captured, determining a value of a movement variable describing a relative movement between the object and the capturing devices at a predetermined point in time based on the evaluation information determined at the predetermined point in time; and determining the evaluation information of the capturing devices at the predetermined point in time based on images captured at other points in time when no image was captured at the predetermined point in time.

Abstract: A coordinate measuring machine has a measurement head having a point measurement device which measures first coordinates of only a single point on the surface of a workpiece at a given time. An area measurement device records images of a reference surface. A displacement device displaces the measurement head and/or the workpiece such that they assume different relative positions with respect to one another. An evaluation device calculates a shift between images that the area measurement device has recorded of the reference surface at different times at different relative positions, with a stitching algorithm. Based on this, second coordinates of the measurement head, which are defined relative to the reference surface, are determined. By linking the first coordinates with the second coordinates, third coordinates are determined, which define the points on the surface of the workpiece measured by the point measurement device relative to the reference surface.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus with a pose measurement function includes a first and second kinematic links, a first measuring link attached to the second kinematic link, a joint connecting the first and second kinematic links, and a sensor capturing a measurement device. Either the measurement device or the sensor is arranged at the first measuring link and is movable jointly with the second kinematic link. The other one is arranged at the first kinematic link and is movable jointly with the first kinematic link. An attachment location of the first measuring link lies closer to an end of the second kinematic link that is remote from the joint than to the joint. The positioning apparatus is configured to ascertain, based on data captured by the sensor, a first relative pose value corresponding to the degree of freedom of the joint and a further relative pose value for another degree of freedom.

Abstract: An optical device for determining a distance of a measurement object includes a LIDAR unit and a light sensor. The LIDAR unit has an illumination device to illuminate the measurement object and a measurement channel to detect a measurement beam reflected from the measurement object and to generate a LIDAR measurement signal. The light sensor has an optical source with a mode-locked laser to generate first and second frequency comb signals and splits the first frequency comb signal into a first measurement signal and a first reference signal and to illuminate the measurement object with the first measurement signal. The light sensor splits the second frequency comb signal into a second measurement signal and a second reference signal. An evaluation unit determines first distance information, evaluates signals detected by a measurement detector and a reference detector, generates a frequency spectrum, and determines second distance information of the measurement object.

Abstract: A method of producing a workpiece by using additive manufacturing techniques includes obtaining CAD data representing the workpiece with workpiece layer definitions defining workpiece layers. The method includes selecting a first workpiece layer definition. The method includes preparing a powder bed of powder material on a build platform. The method includes measuring individual characteristics of the powder material on the build platform using a measuring head. The method includes producing, based on the selected workpiece layer definition, a workpiece layer on the build platform. The producing includes controlling a layer tool to selectively melt or sinter the powder material on the build platform. The producing is further based on the measured individual characteristics of the powder material to correct for detected flaws in the powder bed. The method includes selecting each one of the workpiece layer definitions and repeating the preparing, the measuring, and the producing for the selected definition.

Abstract: A position of a movable object is determined with a capture structure having a profile of an optical property that varies along a surface of the capture structure such that the profile corresponds to a progression of numerical values with local maxima and local minima on an ordered scale of the numerical values, and which is interpretable as a first mathematical function of the location. The optical property varies such that a second mathematical function of the location has an absolute maximum corresponding to a maximum value of the optical property. The optical property has assigned corresponding numerical values such that the progression thereof has the local maxima and the local minima and corresponds to the first mathematical function of the location. The position of the movable object is determined by a frequency analysis of the progression of the numerical values of the second mathematical function of the location.

Abstract: A device for a 3D measurement of object coordinates of a measurement object or parts of the measurement object in a coordinate measuring machine is provided. The device includes at least one illumination device configured to generate at least one illumination light beam and to illuminate the measurement object, at least one lens, wherein the lens has a longitudinal chromatic aberration, at least one color sensor arranged in an image plane of the lens, wherein the color sensor is configured to capture a measurement light beam generated by the measurement object in response to the illumination light beam and to determine at least one spectrally dependent image space content; at least one evaluation unit configured to determine at least one item of depth information from the spectrally dependent image space content.

Abstract: An optical measuring system includes a calibration apparatus having at least one optical marker and a code. The optical measuring system includes a memory unit that stores a metadata record with calibration parameters that have physical state and change variables that are specific to the calibration apparatus. The calibration apparatus is configured to encrypt a link to the metadata record stored in the memory unit. The optical measuring system includes an optical sensor configured to capture image data containing the at least one optical marker and the code. The optical measuring system includes a control unit configured to evaluate the image data captured by the optical sensor, decrypt the code captured by the optical sensor, access the memory unit via the link, read the metadata record stored therein, and include the read calibration parameters and the at least one optical marker in the evaluation of the image data.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for producing a workpiece using additive manufacturing techniques involve pre-process, in-process and post-process measurement in order to determine individual characteristics of one or more workpiece layers. In particular, dimensional and/or geometrical characteristics of a workpiece layer are measured before the next workpiece layer is produced. Advantageously, production parameters are controlled in response to individual material characteristics determined prior to the production process. Also advantageously, measurement results are fed back into a production process in order to increase accuracy, reliability, repeatability and precision of the production process.

Abstract: A specimen of an artificial marker is arranged on an object, the position of which is to be determined. The artificial marker defines a nominal marker pattern with nominal characteristics. The specimen embodies the nominal marker pattern with individual characteristics. One or more images of the specimen are captured while the specimen is arranged on the object. An image representation of the specimen is analyzed using a data set. The data set comprises measured data values representing the individual characteristics as individually measured on the first specimen. Position values representing a 3D position of the specimen relative to a coordinate system are determined. A 3D position of the object is determined based on the position values of the specimen.

Abstract: A device for a 3D measurement of object coordinates of a measurement object or parts of the measurement object in a coordinate measuring machine is provided. The device includes at least one illumination device configured to generate at least one illumination light beam and to illuminate the measurement object, at least one lens, wherein the lens has a longitudinal chromatic aberration, at least one color sensor arranged in an image plane of the lens, wherein the color sensor is configured to capture a measurement light beam generated by the measurement object in response to the illumination light beam and to determine at least one spectrally dependent image space content; at least one evaluation unit configured to determine at least one item of depth information from the spectrally dependent image space content.