Abstract: A method for generating foot shape specification data includes obtaining foot shape 3D data (FS3D) by measuring the three-dimensional shape of a bare foot (BF) of a subject (P) of measurement; generating a virtual insole (VIS) for measurement based on the obtained foot shape 3D data (FS3D); generating corrected foot shape 3D data (CFSD) by adding the data of the virtual insole (VIS) to a sole portion of the obtained foot shape 3D data; and obtaining foot shape specification data (FSSD) by measuring a predefined dimension of the corrected foot shape 3D data (CFSD) to determine a foot shape.

Abstract: To provide a foot size measurement tool that enables easy measurement of a ball girth and an instep girth without winding a scale measuring section. A foot size measurement tool is made up of a first wearable element and a second wearable element. The first wearable element has a sock-shaped cover and scale mark indicators. The second wearable element has a cover, a ball girth measurement portion, and an instep girth measurement portion. Foot wears the foot size measurement tool, and a length between ends of a belt-like portion is measured by means of the scale mark indicator. A length between ends of a belt-like portion is measured by means of the scale mark indicator. The thus-measured values are added to the length of the belt-like portion and the length of the belt-like portion. Thus, a length of a ball girth and a length of an instep girth are measured.

Abstract: A conventional liquid crystal display comprises a number of components, so that a manufacturing cost cannot be reduced. Furthermore, a large-area substrate has problems in shipping. According to this invention, a liquid-crystal panel is prepared by forming individual optically functional films, a TFT device and a light-emitting device on a long thin film and then laminating the film by a transfer process. A base film to be a substrate in a liquid-crystal panel preferably has a thickness of 10 ?m to 200 ?m, a curvature radius of 40 mm or less as a measure of flexibility and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 50 ppm/° C. or less. Furthermore, it more preferably gives a variation of ±5% or less in mechanical and optical properties to a thermal history at 200° C.

Abstract: A cooling method for an electronic device, comprising: naturally circulating a refrigerant between: an evaporator which vaporizes the refrigerant by heat exchange with exhaust hot air from the electronic device, and cools the exhaust hot air; and one of a cooling tower and a condenser which is placed at a position higher than the evaporator, and liquefies the vaporized refrigerant; and valve-controlling a flow rate of a refrigerant liquid to be supplied to the evaporator so that an air temperature after heat has been exchanged for cooling by the evaporator becomes a temperature suited to an operating environment of the electronic device, wherein one of a condensation temperature and a condensation pressure of a refrigerant gas in one of the cooling tower and the condenser do not fluctuate even when the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid to be supplied to the evaporator is valve-controlled.

Abstract: A conventional liquid crystal display comprises a number of components, so that a manufacturing cost cannot be reduced. Furthermore, a large-area substrate has problems in shipping. According to this invention, a liquid-crystal panel is prepared by forming individual optically functional films, a TFT device and a light-emitting device on a long thin film and then laminating the film by a transfer process. A base film to be a substrate in a liquid-crystal panel preferably has a thickness of 10 ?m to 200 ?m, a curvature radius of 40 mm or less as a measure of flexibility and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 50 ppm/° C. or less. Furthermore, it more preferably gives a variation of ±5% or less in mechanical and optical properties to a thermal history at 200° C.

Abstract: A cooling method of an electronic device, the cooling method naturally circulating a cooling medium between an evaporator, which gasifies the cooling medium and cools heat-discharging air from the electronic device by heat exchange with the heat-discharging air, and a cooling tower or a condenser, which is disposed at a higher position than the evaporator and liquefies the gasified cooling medium, and subjecting a flow rate of the cooling-medium liquid supplied to the evaporator to valve control so that a temperature of the air obtained after the heat exchange and the cooling by the evaporator becomes a temperature suitable for an operating environment of the electronic device, wherein the improvement comprises that a condensation temperature or a condensation pressure of the cooling-medium gas in the cooling tower or the condenser is configured to be not varied even when the flow rate of the cooling-medium liquid supplied to the evaporator is subjected to the valve control.

Abstract: A conventional liquid crystal display comprises a number of components, so that a manufacturing cost cannot be reduced. Furthermore, a large-area substrate has problems in shipping. According to this invention, a liquid-crystal panel is prepared by forming individual optically functional films, a TFT device and a light-emitting device on a long thin film and then laminating the film by a transfer process. A base film to be a substrate in a liquid-crystal panel preferably has a thickness of 10 ?m to 200 ?m, a curvature radius of 40 mm or less as a measure of flexibility and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 50 ppm/° C. or less. Furthermore, it more preferably gives a variation of ±5% or less in mechanical and optical properties to a thermal history at 200° C.

Abstract: A process is provided whereby cycloolefin addition (co)polymers having excellent heat resistance, transparency and toughness and having a molecular weight adjusted such that the copolymers can form films, sheets and the like, are produced simply by using small amounts of a palladium catalyst and a molecular weight modifier without steps for removing the catalyst residues and unreacted monomers. The process for producing cycloolefin addition (co)polymers includes addition (co)polymerizing monomers including a cycloolefin compound as a main monomer, in the presence of ethene and catalysts including (a) an organic acid salt of palladium or a ?-diketonate compound of palladium; (b) a cyclopentylphosphine compound; and (c) an ionic boron compound or an ionic aluminum compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a cyclic olefin addition copolymer wherein a monomer composition containing 5 to 80 mol % of a cyclic olefin having a substituent selected from alkyl groups, alkylsilyl group, and alkylsilylmethyl group represented by formula (1) below and 20 to 95 mol % of a cyclic olefin represented by formula (2) below is addition-copolymerized in the presence of a palladium-based multicomponent catalyst containing a specific palladium compound (i), a specific phosphorus compound (ii), and an ionic boron compound or an ionic aluminum compound (iii): (one of A1 to A4 is a C4-5 alkyl group, trimethylsilyl group, or trimethylsilylmethyl group, and the others each independently are a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, or methyl group) (B1 to B4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, methyl group, or halogen atom.

Abstract: A semi-transmissive liquid-crystal panel is a useful mobile display device which can provide a clear image in both dark and bright places. However, there has been needed a light-weighted and highly durable display device with a lower power consumption, pursing advantages of a single transparent/reflection type liquid-crystal panel.

Abstract: A process for producing a cycloolefin addition polymer in which one or more cycloolefin monomers can be (co)polymerized by addition polymerization with a small palladium catalyst amount to produce a cycloolefin addition (co)polymer while attaining high catalytic activity. The process for cycloolefin addition polymer production is characterized by addition-polymerizing one or more cycloolefin monomers comprising a cycloolefin compound represented by a specific formula in the presence of a multi-component catalyst comprising (a) a palladium compound and (b) a specific phosphorus compound.

Abstract: A process for producing a cycloolefin addition polymer in which one or more cycloolefin monomers can be (co)polymerized by addition polymerization with a small palladium catalyst amount to produce a cycloolefin addition (co)polymer while attaining high catalytic activity. The process for cycloolefin addition polymer production is characterized by addition-polymerizing one or more cycloolefin monomers comprising a cycloolefin compound represented by a specific formula in the presence of a multi-component catalyst comprising (a) a palladium compound and (b) a specific phosphorus compound.

Abstract: [Means to solve problems] The process for preparing a cycloolefin addition polymer comprises addition-polymerizing monomers containing a specific cycloolefin compound in the presence of ethylene and a multicomponent catalyst containing, as essential components, (a) a palladium compound, (b) a compound selected from an ionic boron compound, an ionic aluminum compound, a Lewis acidic aluminum compound and a Lewis acidic boron compound and (c) a specific phosphine compound or its phosphonium salt. [Effect] A cycloolefin compound is addition-polymerized using a specific palladium catalyst and using ethylene as a molecular weight modifier, whereby a cycloolefin addition polymer having a molecular weight preferable for a sheet or a film used for an optical material can be prepared using small amounts of the molecular weight modifier and the palladium catalyst.

Abstract: A process for producing a cycloolefin addition polymer in which one or more cycloolefin monomers can be (co)polymerized by addition polymerization with a small palladium catalyst amount to produce a cycloolefin addition (co)polymer while attaining high catalytic activity. The process for cycloolefin addition polymer production is characterized by addition-polymerizing one or more cycloolefin monomers comprising a cycloolefin compound represented by a specific formula in the presence of a multi-component catalyst comprising (a) a palladium compound and (b) a specific phosphorus compound.

Abstract: A conventional liquid crystal display comprises a number of components, so that a manufacturing cost cannot be reduced. Furthermore, a large-area substrate has problems in shipping. According to this invention, a liquid-crystal panel is prepared by forming individual optically functional films, a TFT device and a light-emitting device on a long thin film and then laminating the film by a transfer process. A base film to be a substrate in a liquid-crystal panel preferably has a thickness of 10 ?m to 200 ?m, a curvature radius of 40 mm or less as a measure of flexibility and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 50 ppm/° C. or less. Furthermore, it more preferably gives a variation of ±5% or less in mechanical and optical properties to a thermal history at 200° C.

Abstract: A process for producing a cycloolefin addition polymer in which one or more cycloolefin monomers can be (co)polymerized by addition polymerization with a small palladium catalyst amount to produce a cycloolefin addition (co)polymer while attaining high catalytic activity. The process for cycloolefin addition polymer production is characterized by addition-polymerizing one or more cycloolefin monomers comprising a cycloolefin compound represented by a specific formula in the presence of a multi-component catalyst comprising (a) a palladium compound and (b) a specific phosphorus compound.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device includes a semiconductor substrate on which a semiconductor thin film including an active layer is lamineted, a pair of electrodes respectively provided on opposite faces of the substrate, a light emitting surface defined on a side face of the substrate to which the active layer and an edge of at least one of the electrodes are exposed, and a protective film covering the light emitting surface. The protective film has a smaller thickness on the edge of the electrode than on the active layer. This arrangement makes it possible to suppress diffusion of an electrode material in the protective film and sufficiently protect the light emitting surface.

Abstract: A film or sheet containing an optionally crosslinked organic polymer having a high degree of crosslinking and having a little amount of residual solvent is obtained within a short period of time under a low pressure by bringing a film or sheet containing an organic polymer into contact with a superheated water vapor.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser element comprising: a clad layer of a first conductivity type; an active layer; a first clad layer of a second conductivity type; a ridge made of a second clad layer of the second conductivity type and a cap layer of the second conductivity type, which are layered on the first clad layer of the second conductivity type, in this order starting from the first clad layer side; a dielectric film formed on ridge sides other than a top portion of the ridge; and a metal electrode layer that covers the ridge, wherein the width of the bottom of the cap layer and the width of the top surface of the second clad layer are approximately equal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a ring-opened cycloolefin copolymer excellent in optical properties such as transparency, low in water (moisture) absorption property, high in affinity for other materials, good in post processing properties such as adhesive property and printability, and excellent in heat resistance and mechanical strength, a production process thereof, and an optical material. The ring-opened cycloolefin copolymer of the invention contains a structural unit (A) represented by any one of general formulae (1-1) to (1-3) and a structural unit (B) derived from a specific cycloolefin having an ester group in a proportion of 10:90 to 50:50 in terms of a molar ratio, wherein a monomer for obtaining the structural unit (A) is a tricyclomonoolefin compound containing an endo form in a proportion of at least 80 mol % and has a glass transition temperature of 120 to 250° C.