Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor is provided that includes a conductive substrate, an undercoat layer overlying the conductive substrate, and a photosensitive layer overlying the undercoat layer. The undercoat layer contains zinc oxide particles and a binder resin and has a volume resistivity of 0.03×106 ?·cm or less in an electrical field of 5 V/?m at a temperature of 23 degrees C. and a relative humidity of 55%. The photosensitive layer contains a compound represented by the following general formula (1): where each of R1 to R3 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor is provided that includes a conductive substrate, an undercoat layer overlying the conductive substrate, and a photosensitive layer overlying the undercoat layer. The undercoat layer contains zinc oxide particles and a binder resin and has a volume resistivity of 0.03×106 ?·cm or less in an electrical field of 5 V/?m at a temperature of 23 degrees C. and a relative humidity of 55%. The photosensitive layer contains a compound represented by the following general formula (1): where each of R1 to R3 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A photoconductor is used for an image-forming apparatus, and the photoconductor has a surface including irregularities having an arithmetic average roughness of 0.1 ?m or more and 0.5 ?m or less in a cycle length from 867 to 1,654 ?m.

Abstract: A photoconductor is used for an image-forming apparatus, and the photoconductor has a surface including irregularities having an arithmetic average roughness of 0.1 ?m or more and 0.5 ?m or less in a cycle length from 867 to 1,654 ?m.

Abstract: In a photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate; a photosensitive layer; and a protective layer, the protective layer includes a crosslinked resin having a residual group of a polycarboxylic acid compound and a group having the below-mentioned formula (10), and at least one of a compound having the below-mentioned formula (2) and a compound having the below-mentioned formula (3). wherein each of R5 and R6 independently represents a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. wherein each of R7 and R8 independently represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and Z1 represents a vinylene group, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, or a 2,5-thiophenediyl group.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including a photoreceptor; a charger; an irradiator; an image developer; a transferer; a fixer; and a cleaning blade formed of a strip-shaped elastic blade, removing a powder from the surface of the photoreceptor passing an edge line of the blade while contacting thereto, wherein the photoreceptor includes a crosslinked resin surface layer formed of at least one of an acrylic resin and a methacrylic resin, and the cleaning blade includes a contact point with the photoreceptor, including a substrate; a mixed layer formed of at least one of an acrylic resin and a methacrylic resin, located at the surface of the substrate; and a surface layer formed of at least one of an acrylic resin and a methacrylic resin, located on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A photoreceptor includes an electroconductive substrate, and a laminate structure formed of at least a charge generating layer and a charge transport layer and provided overlying the electroconductive substrate, wherein the charge transport layer contains a charge transport material, a compound represented by the following formula 1 and a compound represented by the following formula 2: in the formula 1, R1 and R2 each independently represent substituted or non-substituted alkyl groups or aromatic hydrocarbon groups and one of R1 and R2 represents a substituted or non-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, R1 and R2 bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be bonded together to form a substituted or non-substituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, and Ar represents a substituted or non-substituted hydrocarbon group; in the formula 2, R3 and R4 each independently represent substituted or non-substituted alkyl groups or aromatic hydrocarbon groups.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including a photoreceptor; a charger; an irradiator; an image developer; a transferer; a fixer; and a cleaning blade formed of a strip-shaped elastic blade, removing a powder from the surface of the photoreceptor passing an edge line of the blade while contacting thereto, wherein the photoreceptor includes a crosslinked resin surface layer formed of at least one of an acrylic resin and a methacrylic resin, and the cleaning blade includes a contact point with the photoreceptor, including a substrate; a mixed layer formed of at least one of an acrylic resin and a methacrylic resin, located at the surface of the substrate; and a surface layer formed of at least one of an acrylic resin and a methacrylic resin, located on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: In a photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate; a photosensitive layer; and a protective layer, the protective layer includes a crosslinked resin having a residual group of a polycarboxylic acid compound and a group having the below-mentioned formula (10), and at least one of a compound having the below-mentioned formula (2) and a compound having the below-mentioned formula (3). wherein each of R5 and R6 independently represents a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. wherein each of R7 and R8 independently represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and Z1 represents a vinylene group, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, or a 2,5-thiophenediyl group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate; a photosensitive layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate; and an outermost layer located overlying the photosensitive layer, wherein the outermost layer includes filler and a crosslinked resin having a residual group of a polycarboxylic acid compound and a group having the following formula (1): wherein each of R5 and R6 independently represents a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate; a charge generation layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate; a charge transport layer located overlying the charge generation layer; and an outermost layer located overlying the charge transport layer. The charge transport layer includes a positive hole transport material having the following formula (1): wherein each of R1 to R26 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a compound having the following formula (2): wherein each of R27 and R28 independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.

Abstract: An image bearing drum having a hollow cylinder sleeve member; a photosensitive layer; a protective layer having fillers; and flange members, each of which has an attachment unit, a shaft hole unit, and a linking unit, wherein the surface of the protective layer having waviness has an arithmetical mean deviation of an assessed profile Wa (?m) of from 0.050 ?m to 0.400 ?m and a mean width of profile elements WSm (mm) of from 0.500 mm to 1.500 mm, and wherein the linking unit has at least one shock-absorbing hole located on a virtual line segment drawn to the shaft hole unit from the circumference of a virtually projected circle formed by projecting the outer periphery of the attachment unit axially along the shaft onto a virtual plane that contains the linking unit and is orthogonal to the shaft direction.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor drum having a cylindrical hollow support with a length L (cm), provided that L is 30 cm or more, a photoconductive layer provided on an external surface of the cylindrical hollow support, with a total weight of the support and the photoconductive layer being W1 (g), and a weight-controlling member, with a total weight of the above-mentioned weight W1 (g) and the weight-controlling member being W2 (g), the length L, the weight W1 and the weight W2 satisfying the relationship of formula (1) of log(W1/L.sup.3).ltoreq.-2.4 and the formula (2) of log(W2/L.sup.3)>-2.4.