Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a medical substance where a prism having a high refractive index, a thin metal film formed on one of the surfaces of the prism, a light source for making a light incident upon the thin metal film, and a detector for detecting an incident angle of a light being made incident upon a film on which a plasmon resonance phenomenon is generated on the thin metal film are provided. The medical substance, i.e. antigen as an object to be measured, is fixed to the surface of the thin metal film, and the condition for generating the plasmon resonance phenomenon is varied when a mixture of antibody which is coupled with the medical substance in a specific manner and a sample is made contact with a surface of the thin metal film; and the amount of the medical substance can be detected by recognizing the change with a high sensitivity.

Abstract: A carbon oxide sensor having high sensitivity capable of reduction of influence of humidity is provided. A detection electrode and a counter electrode are provided on one side of an electrolyte, respectively. The detection electrode contains a metal oxide and a metal carbonate including plural components. The metal carbonate preferably contains a first component of alkali metal carbonate and a second component of at least one element selected from the group consisting of alkali earth metal carbonate, transition metal carbonate, zinc carbonate, cadmium carbonate, indium carbonate, lead carbonate and bismuth carbonate. Specifically, it is preferable to contain the first component including Li2CO3 and the second component including at least one element selected from the group consisting of BaCO3, CaCO3 and SrCO3.

Abstract: A carbon oxide sensor having high sensitivity capable of reduction of influence of humidity is provided. A detection electrode and a counter electrode are provided on one side of an electrolyte, respectively. The detection electrode contains a metal oxide and a metal carbonate including plural components. The metal carbonate preferably contains a first component of alkali metal carbonate and a second component of at least one element selected from the group consisting of alkali earth metal carbonate, transition metal carbonate, zinc carbonate, cadmium carbonate, indium carbonate, lead carbonate and bismuth carbonate. Specifically, it is preferable to contain the first component including Li2CO3 and the second component including at least one element selected from the group consisting of BaCO3, CaCO3 and SrCO3.

Abstract: A gas sensor for measuring concentration of a gas component in a measured gas, including a solid electrolytic substrate and at least two electrodes fixed to the substrate. At least a first electrode of the electrodes is disposed in the environment of the measurement gas, at least one of electrodes is polarized by applying a bias current or bias voltage, and a change in the potential of the polarized electrode is measured to thereby measure the concentration of the target gas.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a medical substance where a prism having a high refractive index, a thin metal film formed on one of the surfaces of the prism, a light source for making a light incident upon the thin metal film, and a detector for detecting an incident angle of a light being made incident upon a film on which a plasmon resonance phenomenon is generated on the thin metal film are provided. The medical substance, i.e. antigen as an object to be measured, is fixed to the surface of the thin metal film, and the condition for generating the plasmon resonance phenomenon is varied when a mixture of antibody which is coupled with the medical substance in a specific manner and a sample is made contact with a surface of the thin metal film; and the amount of the medical substance can be detected by recognizing the change with a high sensitivity.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a NOx sensor consisting of at least a pair of electrodes formed in touch with an ion conductive solid electrolyte; wherein the first electrode is composed of oxides of a metal (Cr, Mo or W) selected from 6a Group or a substance containing said oxides and an electric conductive material and the concentration of NOx in the test gas is detected by the change of the electromotive force between the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a NOx sensor consisting at least of a pair of the first and the second electrodes formed in touch with an ion conductive solid electrolyte; wherein at least the first electrode is selected from hybrid oxides having perovskite structure expressed by MSnO.sub.3 (M is at least an element selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn and Cd, hybrid oxides having pseudo-perovskite structure expressed by M.sub.2 SnO.sub.4 (M is at least an element selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn, Co, Zn and Cd) or a substance containing said hybrid oxides and the second electrode is selected from a noble metal or a electro conductive ceramics which does not have electro conductivity in the atmosphere of NOx and the concentration of NOx in the test gas is detected by the change of the electromotive force between the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: A gaseous carbon dioxide detection sensor comprising a detection electrode and a reference electrode opposed on both sides of an ionic conductor, wherein a mixture comprising one mol of an alkali metal carbonate more than one mol of an alkaline earth metal carbonate is used as the detection material for the detection electrode. The detection sensor has the electromotive force characteristic relative to the gaseous carbon dioxide less undergoing the effect of moisture in the gas to be measured and has a high sensitivity.

Abstract: A proton conductor gas sensor operable at room temperature for detecting hydrogen or carbon monoxide, and a gas detecting method using the sensor. A pair of electrodes connected to a proton conductor are short-circuited to cause protons to travel through the conductor utilizing the difference in activity between the electrodes or the difference in gas permeability between the electrode and an atmosphere containing the gas to be detected. The potential difference produced in the interior of the conductor by the travel of the protons is obtained as the output of the sensor. This output is in proportion to the concentration of the gas and low in humidity dependence.