Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of transistors arranged in a first direction, and arranged in a second direction and a first wiring layer disposed between a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of voltage supply wirings. Each of the plurality of transistors includes a source region and a drain region. The first wiring layer includes a plurality of first connecting portions disposed at positions overlapping with the plurality of source regions when viewed in a third direction and electrically connected to the plurality of source regions and the plurality of voltage supply wirings, a plurality of second connecting portions disposed at positions overlapping with the plurality of source regions when viewed in the third direction and electrically connected to a plurality of the drain regions and a plurality of conductive layers, and a passing wiring region disposed between a pair of the second connecting portions.

Abstract: A hydraulic working machine is provided that uses a variable displacement pump and open center type flow rate control valve for a controlling a hydraulic actuator, and has a negative control throttle disposed in a center bypass oil passage to generate a negative control pressure. A hydraulic pump control system performs virtual bleed-off control for reducing the bleed-off flow rate of the center bypass oil passage, and can operate the hydraulic actuator with the same performance as an open center control. The control system includes a bypass cut valve disposed upstream from the negative control throttle to reduce flow through the center bypass oil passages, and a negative control pressure output valve that outputs a virtual negative control pressure. The control system is configured to reduce the bleed-off flow rate by operating the bypass cut valve when virtual bleed-off control is performed, and to reduce the pump flow rate by the bleed-off reduction flow rate.

Abstract: Provided are a hydraulic circuit and a work machine capable of improving an initial motion speed of a hydraulic cylinder during a contraction of the hydraulic cylinder and securing a necessary pump flow rate while hydraulic fluid is being accumulated in an accumulator. Hydraulic oil from a head side of a second boom cylinder is regenerated in a first boom cylinder and the second boom cylinder through a second control valve of a regeneration circuit. At the same time, oil from the head side of the first boom cylinder is accumulated to a first accumulator by a pressure accumulating circuit through a first control valve. The hydraulic oil supplied under pressure from a main pump is fed to a rod side of the first boom cylinder by a boom control valve. A bleed-off valve of a bleed-off circuit communicates the first control valve to a tank at the time of initial operation of the first control valve, thereby releasing hydraulic oil from the head end of the first boom cylinder to improve an initial motion speed.

Abstract: A control device for suppressing engine load fluctuation according to main pump circuit conditions, wherein an assist torque calculation task includes a target engine torque calculation task separating smooth torque components from main pump load torque and setting a minimum value of either smooth torque component or engine setting torque as target engine torque, and a subtractor calculating target assist torque based on a difference between the main pump load torque and the target engine torque, the assist torque calculation task controlling a capacity of an assist pump based on the target assist torque and controlling switching between an assist mode and a charge mode.

Abstract: A hydraulic working machine is provided that uses a variable displacement pump and open center type flow rate control valve for a controlling a hydraulic actuator, and has a negative control throttle disposed in a center bypass oil passage to generate a negative control pressure. A hydraulic pump control system performs virtual bleed-off control for reducing the bleed-off flow rate of the center bypass oil passage, and can operate the hydraulic actuator with the same performance as an open center control. The control system includes a bypass cut valve disposed upstream from the negative control throttle to reduce flow through the center bypass oil passages, and a negative control pressure output valve that outputs a virtual negative control pressure. The control system is configured to reduce the bleed-off flow rate by operating the bypass cut valve when virtual bleed-off control is performed, and to reduce the pump flow rate by the bleed-off reduction flow rate.

Abstract: Provided are a hydraulic circuit and a work machine capable of improving an initial motion speed of a hydraulic cylinder during a contraction of the hydraulic cylinder and securing a necessary pump flow rate while hydraulic fluid is being accumulated in an accumulator. Hydraulic oil from a head side of a second boom cylinder is regenerated in a first boom cylinder and the second boom cylinder through a second control valve of a regeneration circuit. At the same time, oil from the head side of the first boom cylinder is accumulated to a first accumulator by a pressure accumulating circuit through a first control valve. The hydraulic oil supplied under pressure from a main pump is fed to a rod side of the first boom cylinder by a boom control valve. A bleed-off valve of a bleed-off circuit communicates the first control valve to a tank at the time of initial operation of the first control valve, thereby releasing hydraulic oil from the head end of the first boom cylinder to improve an initial motion speed.

Abstract: A control device for suppressing engine load fluctuation according to main pump circuit conditions, wherein an assist torque calculation task includes a target engine torque calculation task separating smooth torque components from main pump load torque and setting a minimum value of either smooth torque component or engine setting torque as target engine torque, and a subtractor calculating target assist torque based on a difference between the main pump load torque and the target engine torque, the assist torque calculation task controlling a capacity of an assist pump based on the target assist torque and controlling switching between an assist mode and a charge mode.

Abstract: An inexpensive engine assist device capable of performing stable energy regeneration from an accumulator and a working machine on which the engine assist device is mounted are provided. A variable capacity type main pump and a variable capacity type assist pump are directly connected to an engine. A return pressure oil flowing out from a fluid pressure actuator is temporarily accumulated by a sub-accumulator and is supplied to an inlet of the assist pump, and the assist pump pressurizes the return fluid pressure oil and supplies the return fluid pressure oil to a main accumulator. A controller calculates and controls an assist pump swash plate angle, and assist starting torque or charge starting torque, and introduces a pressure-accumulated fluid discharged from the main accumulator to the inlet of the assist pump or introduces a pressurized fluid discharged from an outlet of the assist pump into the main accumulator.

Abstract: Provided is a hydraulic circuit capable of efficiently recovering one and the other hydraulic energies for utilization by separating and recovering the same, one hydraulic energy being extruded from a hydraulic cylinder and the other hydraulic energy being extruded in starting and stopping rotation of a hydraulic motor, so as to allow an energy density of an accumulator to increase. The hydraulic circuit has: a first accumulator that accumulates pressure of hydraulic oil extruded from a boom cylinder; and a second accumulator that accumulates one pressure of the hydraulic oil relieved when the rotation of a swing motor is started and another pressure of the hydraulic oil extruded from a motor driving circuit with inertial rotation of the swing motor when rotation of the swing motor is stopped. A solenoid switch valve in passages that connect the first second accumulators closes the passages when pressure is accumulated in the second accumulator opens when the pressure in the second accumulator is discharged.

Abstract: The hydraulic circuit has: main pumps driven by an engine; a boom cylinder including a piston operating by hydraulic oil supplied from the main pumps, one chamber and the other chamber respectively partitioned and formed by the piston; an accumulator accumulating pressure of the hydraulic oil extruded from one chamber of the boom cylinder; and an assist pump motor suctioning the hydraulic oil from the accumulator when pressure continues to be accumulated in the accumulator and the accumulator pressure rises.

Abstract: Provided is a hydraulic circuit capable of saving a pump flow rate while hydraulic fluid is being accumulated in an accumulator. The hydraulic circuit has: a couple of boom cylinders that simultaneously operate the same operation by the hydraulic oil supplied under pressure from main pumps; an accumulator in which pressure of the hydraulic oil is accumulated; a pressure accumulating circuit that accumulates the pressure of the hydraulic oil extruded from one boom cylinder in the accumulator; and a regenerating circuit that regenerates the hydraulic oil extruded from the other boom cylinder to the boom cylinders.

Abstract: An inexpensive engine assist device capable of performing stable energy regeneration from an accumulator and a working machine on which the engine assist device is mounted are provided. A variable capacity type main pump and a variable capacity type assist pump having a motor function and a pump function are directly connected to an engine. A return pressure oil flowing out from a fluid pressure actuator is temporarily accumulated by a sub-accumulator and is supplied to an inlet of the assist pump, and the assist pump pressurizes the return fluid pressure oil and supplies the return fluid pressure oil to a main accumulator.

Abstract: A construction machine which is less vulnerable to theft compared with conventional machines is provided. The system includes an antenna (6) for detecting removal of an engine key (8) after the engine has stopped, an angle detector (35) for detecting a posture of the upper structure, and an anti-theft unit (31) for forcing the engine to stop and outputting an alarm signal in cases the upper structure is not in a given posture when parked.

Abstract: A driving device of a work machine includes a power generator adapted to be driven by an engine, and a power storage device for storing the electric power generated by the power generator. Electric motors and a motor generator, both adapted to be operated by electric power supplied from either one or both of the power generator and the power storage device respectively drive pumps and a pump motor. Supporting circuits for feeding supporting hydraulic oil are provided between a plurality of driving circuits that drive a plurality of hydraulic actuators of a working unit by oil hydraulics generated by the pumps and the pump motor. By enabling the plurality of driving circuits to effectively share excess energy, the invention makes possible a compact construction of a driving device of a work machine.

Abstract: A construction machine which is less vulnerable to theft compared with conventional machines is provided. The system includes an antenna (6) for detecting removal of an engine key (8) after the engine has stopped, an angle detector (35) for detecting a posture of the upper structure, and an anti-theft unit (31) for forcing the engine to stop and outputting an alarm signal in cases the upper structure is not in a given posture when parked.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for a working machine is provided which prevents a decrease in the working speed of a clamshell bucket upon expansion of an expansion arm, so that improvement of the operability can be achieved. A hydraulic circuit for a working machine is configured such that a clamshell bucket is attached to a tip end of an expansion arm and the expansion arm and the clamshell bucket are operated by pressure oil supplied from a common pressure source. The operating pressure is reduced for driving the expansion arm to the expansion side based on the operating pressure for opening the clamshell bucket. By the configuration, the clamshell bucket can be opened rapidly, and improvement of the operability is achieved.

Abstract: A device for controlling a working arm of a working machine, which is capable of releasing the pressure of the actuation fluid confined in the actuation cylinder of the working arm device at a predetermined pressure lower than the set pressure and of controlling the opening/closing of the cylinder relief valve. The device comprises releasing means for a releasing a pressurized fluid feed/drain circuit of an actuation cylinder of a working arm device at a predetermined pressure lower than a set pressure of a cylinder relief valve provided for said feed/drain circuit and a control means for controlling the opening/closing of the releasing means.

Abstract: An electro-hydraulic transducing valve (3a) and other elements associated with cylinder-controlling components, such as a control valve (3), are connected to the output end of a controller (23) adapted to perform control computation based on electric manipulation signals send from and electric joy stick (12a) or the like. Control valve return pressure (PT) and load-sensing pressure (PL) are detected by the first and second detectors (18), (19) so that start-up of a hydraulic cylinder (7) or the like is detected based on rise of the differential pressure (&Dgr;P) between the two types of pressures. The controller (23) is provided with a function generating unit (14a) and a calibration computing unit (20). The function generating unit (14a) has a reference function (F) that determines the relationship between electric manipulation signals and command values for commanding the electro-hydraulic transducing valve (3a) and other similar elements.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the lifting operation comprising an operation mode selection switch which is selectively set to an ordinary operation mode or to a lifting operation mode and a hydraulic circuit isolating means. The hydraulic circuit isolating means isolates the hydraulic circuit into a running drive hydraulic circuit which feeds the pressurized fluid of one of the variable-capacity hydraulic pumps to the actuators of the running apparatuses when the operation mode selection switch is set to the lifting operation mode and a hydraulic circuit for driving the apparatus on the side of the turning body, which feeds the pressurized fluid of the other variable-capacity hydraulic pump to the actuators other than those of the running apparatuses.

Abstract: There is disclosed a conveyor for transporting passengers. The conveyor comprises numerous step units which are interconnected. The step units move along guide passages. Each step unit consists of a front portion and a rear portion. These two portions are so connected that their upper surfaces are substantially flush with each other and that they can rotate relative to each other about a line perpendicular to the upper surfaces, when the steps move along a set of curved guide passages which combine upward portions, downward portions, portions directed to the left, and portions directed to the right.