Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a first rotatable member; a second rotatable member that presses against the first rotatable member in a pressed state and separates from the first rotatable member in a separated state; and a hardware processor that sets a target speed of the second rotatable member based on a change in speed of the second rotatable member between a first speed in the separated state and a second speed in the pressed state.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a first rotatable member; a second rotatable member that presses against the first rotatable member in a pressed state and separates from the first rotatable member in a separated state; and a hardware processor that sets a target speed of the second rotatable member based on a change in speed of the second rotatable member between a first speed in the separated state and a second speed in the pressed state.

Abstract: A paper feeding apparatus includes a tray, an air blower, a floating detector, and a hardware processor. In the tray, a sheet of paper is loaded. The air blower blows air to the sheet loaded in the tray to float the sheet. The floating detector is provided above the sheet loaded in the tray and detects the floating of the sheet to a predetermined level. The hardware processor causes the air blower to blow the air and determines a basis weight of the sheet loaded in the tray from an air amount that has caused the floating detector to detect the floating of the sheet.

Abstract: A paper feeding apparatus includes a tray, an air blower, a floating detector, and a hardware processor. In the tray, a sheet of paper is loaded. The air blower blows air to the sheet loaded in the tray to float the sheet. The floating detector is provided above the sheet loaded in the tray and detects the floating of the sheet to a predetermined level. The hardware processor causes the air blower to blow the air and determines a basis weight of the sheet loaded in the tray from an air amount that has caused the floating detector to detect the floating of the sheet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image supporter that supports an image to be transferred to paper; a transfer belt that is opposed to the image supporter and forms a nip; and a first heater and a second heater that heat the transfer belt, wherein, the first heater has higher performance to uniformly heat an entire area of the transfer belt than the second heater; and the second heater has higher performance to respond to a temperature change of the transfer belt in a case of output change than the first heater.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus includes: a brush that contacts a transfer member and cleans and removes toner existing on the transfer member; a constant current type voltage applier that applies voltage to the brush; and a hardware processor that determines whether a condition that voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold is satisfied at a nip formed by the brush and the transfer member contacting each other, and controls the voltage by changing bias current of the voltage applier, wherein the transfer member has a sheet contact area contacting a sheet on the transfer member and an inter-sheet area other than the sheet contact area on the transfer member, and in a case where the hardware processor determines that the condition is satisfied, the hardware processor controls the voltage so as not to exceed the predetermined threshold by changing the bias current when the sheet contact area passes through the nip.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus includes: a brush that contacts a transfer member and cleans and removes toner existing on the transfer member; a constant current type voltage applier that applies voltage to the brush; and a hardware processor that determines whether a condition that voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold is satisfied at a nip formed by the brush and the transfer member contacting each other, and controls the voltage by changing bias current of the voltage applier, wherein the transfer member has a sheet contact area contacting a sheet on the transfer member and an inter-sheet area other than the sheet contact area on the transfer member, and in a case where the hardware processor determines that the condition is satisfied, the hardware processor controls the voltage so as not to exceed the predetermined threshold by changing the bias current when the sheet contact area passes through the nip.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image supporter that supports an image to be transferred to paper; a transfer belt that is opposed to the image supporter and forms a nip; and a first heater and a second heater that heat the transfer belt, wherein, the first heater has higher performance to uniformly heat an entire area of the transfer belt than the second heater; and the second heater has higher performance to respond to a temperature change of the transfer belt in a case of output change than the first heater.

Abstract: A vehicle hydraulic clutch apparatus includes a clutch master cylinder that generates clutch working oil pressure in response to operation of a clutch pedal, and a concentric slave cylinder that engages and releases a friction clutch as the clutch working oil pressure generated by the clutch master cylinder is supplied thereto and discharged therefrom via an oil passageway. A flow restraint device (130, 200) that restrains flow of the working oil from a concentric slave cylinder (66) side to a clutch master cylinder (62) side which occurs according to operation of the clutch pedal (60) is provided in the concentric slave cylinder (66).

Abstract: A transfer device includes: a transfer section for transferring a toner image on an image carrier onto a sheet passing through a nip portion which is formed between the transfer section and the image carrier; an application section for applying a voltage to the transfer section; and a control section for controlling the application section, wherein the control section controls the application section to apply a voltage having an opposite polarity to a transfer polarity to the transfer section since a leading edge of the sheet in a conveyance direction advances into the nip portion until a predetermined non image area of the sheet has passed through the nip portion, and then switch to apply a voltage having the transfer polarity from the voltage having the opposite polarity to the transfer section while a non image area of the sheet passes through the nip portion.

Abstract: A cleaning device for cleaning a transfer sheet conveyance belt, includes: a first brush roll which is provided with voltage with a polarity reverse to a charging polarity of toner particles; and a second brush roll arranged downstream of the first brush roll in a moving direction of the transfer sheet conveyance belt, the second brush roll being provided with the voltage with the same polarity as the charging polarity of the toner particles, while rotating in contact with the surface of the transfer sheet conveyance belt.

Abstract: Disclosed a cleaning apparatus including: a brush to remove an adhered matter adhered to a photoconductor drum; wherein the brush includes: a first brush portion which contacts an end portion of the photoconductor drum in an axial direction, which portions is on a circumferential surface of the photoconductor drum, and in which portion a conductive base substance is exposed; and a second brush portion which contacts only a photosensitive layer on the circumferential surface of the photoconductor drum, and an electric resistance value of the first brush portion is larger than that of the second brush when a bias current is applied.

Abstract: A transfer device includes: a transfer section for transferring a toner image on an image carrier onto a sheet passing through a nip portion which is formed between the transfer section and the image carrier; an application section for applying a voltage to the transfer section; and a control section for controlling the application section, wherein the control section controls the application section to apply a voltage having an opposite polarity to a transfer polarity to the transfer section since a leading edge of the sheet in a conveyance direction advances into the nip portion until a predetermined non image area of the sheet has passed through the nip portion, and then switch to apply a voltage having the transfer polarity from the voltage having the opposite polarity to the transfer section while a non image area of the sheet passes through the nip portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming apparatus comprising: a developing device to house a toner and to form a toner image on an image carrier; a transfer belt to transfer the toner image formed on the image carrier to a sheet, the transfer belt comprising an elastic layer; and a blade to remove the toner remaining on the transfer belt after the toner image has been transferred, the blade being in contact with the transfer belt, wherein the transfer belt and the blade are configured so that a stiffness of the transfer belt is larger than a stiffness of the blade, in a temperature range which is no higher than a glass transition temperature of the toner.

Abstract: A cleaning device for cleaning a transfer sheet conveyance belt, includes: a first brush roll which is provided with voltage with a polarity reverse to a charging polarity of toner particles; and a second brush roll arranged downstream of the first brush roll in a moving direction of the transfer sheet conveyance belt, the second brush roll being provided with the voltage with the same polarity as the charging polarity of the toner particles, while rotating in contact with the surface of the transfer sheet conveyance belt.

Abstract: A urea grease composition is disclosed, which comprises a urea grease and, incorporated therein as additives, a sulfurized molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate represented by formula (A): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: A slide-type constant velocity universal joint has an inner shaft member having trunnions rotatably and axially slidably carrying rollers respectively received in axial guide grooves formed in an outer shaft member. Each guide groove accommodates a pair of inner groove members each axially slidably disposed between one of the side faces of the guide groove and an associated roller and providing a cylindrical inner groove in line contact with a spherical outer surface of the roller. A roller bearing or a low-friction layer is disposed between each inner groove member and an associated side face of an associated guide groove. In another embodiment, a single inner groove member is disposed in each guide groove and has a pair of side wall portions each disposed between a roller and an associated side face of the guide groove.

Abstract: This method is for balancing a propeller shaft which includes a slide type constant velocity joint which has an internal cavity for receiving lubricant. In the specified order: first, the slide type constant velocity joint is slid in to substantially the maximum amount possible therefor, so as to reduce its internal cavity to substantially its minimum volume; second, lubricant is packed into this internal cavity to a fill ratio of substantially 100%, while the constant velocity joint remains thus substantially fully slid in; and, third, while the constant velocity joint still remains thus substantially fully slid in, the propeller shaft is balanced. Thereby, unbalance of the propeller shaft due to the lubricant such as grease received in the internal cavity of the constant velocity joint becoming collected preferentially on one side of the internal cavity during the balancing process is positively prevented.