Abstract: The invention is intended to improve the durability and durability of a diaphragm of centrally convex form. A diaphragm comprises a substantially circular woven base fabric (1) formed of warp yarns (1a and 1a') radially extending in centrally convex form from the central region and weft yarns (1b) helically interwoven with the warp yarns (1a), and a rubber member (2) of centrally convex membrane form molded integrally with the base fabric (1).

Abstract: A plurality of abrasive sleeves (3) surround a wire rope (2) and are spaced at predetermined intervals longitudinally of the wire rope. An elastic material (4) of rubber such as natural rubber is formed between the abrasive sleeves in such a manner as to surround the wire rope. A rubber/metal bonding agent (7) such as chlorinated rubber type bonding agent is used to effect vulcanization bonding between the opposite end surfaces of each abrasive sleeve and the elastic material and between the wire rope and the elastic material. The ends (19) of the wire rope are connected together by a combination of end connecting members (5, 6a) provided with male threads (17, 17a) and fixed to the ends of the wire rope and on internally threaded connecting sleeve (30), whereby a closed loop is formed.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire containing a ply having a knitting fabric which is formed by arranging warps parallel to each other, setting wefts on the warps to cross the warps at an angle of 60.degree. to 90.degree. without weaving, and twining fine knitting yarns around the warps and the wefts. The ply is used as a chafer, a bead filler or a carcass of a bias tire and reinforces the pneumatic tire. The pneumatic tire is excellent in uniformity and durability, and the weight and the cost of the tire can be reduced.