Abstract: A liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor includes a reactor vessel, a containment, an air flow path, and an injection unit. The vessel has a reactor core and a coolant for the reactor core. The containment surrounds an outside of the vessel. The air flow path removes heat by flowing air around the containment. The injection unit injects filler in a gap between the vessel and the containment.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoelectric material which is represented by the following composition formula (1) or (2) and comprises as a major phase an MgAgAs type crystal structure: (Tia1Zrb1Hfc1)xNiySn100-x-y??composition formula (1); (Lnd(Tia2Zrb2Hfc2)1-d)xNiySn100-x-y??composition formula (2); (wherein a1, b1, c1, x and y satisfy the conditions of: 0<a1<1, 0<b1<1, 0<c1<1, a1+b1+c1=1, 30?x?35 and 30?y?35, and Ln is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y and rare earth elements, and a2, b2, c2 and d satisfy the conditions of: 0?a2?1, 0?b2?1, 0?c2?1, a2+b2+c2=1 and 0<d?0.3).

Abstract: A liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor includes a reactor vessel, a containment, an air flow path, and an injection unit. The vessel has a reactor core and a coolant for the reactor core. The containment surrounds an outside of the vessel. The air flow path removes heat by flowing air around the containment. The injection unit injects filler in a gap between the vessel and the containment.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoelectric material which is represented by the following composition formula (1) or (2) and comprises as a major phase an MgAgAs type crystal structure: (Tia1Zrb1Hfc1)xNiySn100-x-y??composition formula (1); (Lnd(Tia2Zrb2Hfc2)1-d)xNiySn100-x-y??composition formula (2); (wherein a1, b1, c1, x and y satisfy the conditions of: 0<a1<1, 0<b1<1, 0<c1<1, a1+b1+c1=1, 30?x?35 and 30?y?35, and Ln is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y and rare earth elements, and a2, b2, c2 and d satisfy the conditions of: 0?a2?1, 0?b2?1, 0?c2?1, a2+b2+c2=1 and 0<d?0.3).

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoelectric material which is represented by the following composition formula (1) or (2) and comprises as a major phase an MgAgAs type crystal structure: (Tia1Zrb1Hfc1)xNiySn100-x-y??composition formula (1); (Lnd(Tia2Zrb2Hfc2)1-d)xNiySn100-x-y??composition formula (2); (wherein a1, b1, c1, x and y satisfy the conditions of: 0<a1<1, 0<b1<1, 0<c1<1, a1+b1+c1=1, 30?x?35 and 30?y?35, and Ln is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y and rare earth elements, and a2, b2, c2 and d satisfy the conditions of: 0?a2?1, 0?b2?1, 0?c2?1, a2+b2+c2=1 and 0<d?0.3).

Abstract: Inputting data necessary for designing an IT system leads a throughput evaluation part to draft a system idea meeting a design standard value for throughput and leads a reliability evaluation part to draft the system idea meeting a design standard value for failure probability. A cost evaluation part evaluates a cost of the system idea, while a cost judgment part judges whether there exists a system idea whose cost evaluated by the cost evaluation part is within an allowable range or not. When the cost judgment part judges that there is no system idea, a reconfiguration part reconfigures the design standard value for throughput, the design standard value for failure probability, and the allowable range of cost in the input data part, and the reconfiguration part carries out calculations repeatedly until there can be drafted a system idea whose cost is within the allowable range.

Abstract: A system includes an input unit (2) to which failure information corresponding to failure modes of constituents indicating software and hardware, a system configuration information and a standard value of system availability are inputted, a producing unit (32) producing a fault tree based on the system configuration information, a calculating unit (34) calculating unavailability corresponding to the failure modes based on a result of analyzing the failure information, and calculating system availability based on the calculated unavailability and the fault tree, a determining unit (35) determining whether the system availability meets the standard value, an extracting unit (36) extracting a basic event related to an increase in the system availability when the system availability is determined to be below the standard value, and resetting units (38, 39) resetting new unavailability and the like based on whether it is possible to reduce the unavailability of the extracted basic event.

Abstract: A system includes an input unit (2) to which failure information corresponding to failure modes of constituents indicating software and hardware, a system configuration information and a standard value of system availability are inputted, a producing unit (32) producing a fault tree based on the system configuration information, a calculating unit (34) calculating unavailability corresponding to the failure modes based on a result of analyzing the failure information, and calculating system availability based on the calculated unavailability and the fault tree, a determining unit (35) determining whether the system availability meets the standard value, an extracting unit (36) extracting a basic event related to an increase in the system availability when the system availability is determined to be below the standard value, and resetting units (38, 39) resetting new unavailability and the like based on whether it is possible to reduce the unavailability of the extracted basic event.

Abstract: Inputting data necessary for designing an IT system leads a throughput evaluation part to draft a system idea meeting a design standard value for throughput and leads a reliability evaluation part to draft the system idea meeting a design standard value for failure probability. A cost evaluation part evaluates a cost of the system idea, while a cost judgment part judges whether there exists a system idea whose cost evaluated by the cost evaluation part is within an allowable range or not. When the cost judgment part judges that there is no system idea, a reconfiguration part reconfigures the design standard value for throughput, the design standard value for failure probability, and the allowable range of cost in the input data part, and the reconfiguration part carries out calculations repeatedly until there can be drafted a system idea whose cost is within the allowable range.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoelectric material which is represented by the following composition formula (1) or (2) and comprises as a major phase an MgAgAs type crystal structure: (Tia1Zrb1Hfc1)xNiySn100-x-y??composition formula (1); (Lnd(Tia2Zrb2Hfc2)1-d)xNiySn100-x-y??composition formula (2); (wherein a1, b1, c1, x and y satisfy the conditions of: 0<a1<1, 0<b1<1, 0<c1<1, a1+b1+c1=1, 30?x?35 and 30?y?35, and Ln is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y and rare earth elements, and a2, b2, c2 and d satisfy the conditions of: 0?a2?1, 0?b2?1, 0?c2?1, a2+b2+c2=1 and 0<d?0.3).

Abstract: This disaster risk assessment system assesses a difference between a disaster-time direct loss amount in current equipment and disaster-time direct loss amount in equipment after taking measures and compares the difference with a disaster measures equipment cost for presenting decision making information on disaster measures. As assessment requirements, the system also takes a business value loss amount into consideration and presents an insurance premium that is required to cover an expected disaster-time loss amount by an insurance payment.

Abstract: A power trading risk management system includes means for evaluating and inputting a predicted value of an electricity demand, an electricity price in a spot market, a cost function of a power generator to be used, a fuel price, a fixed cost and the like, means for modeling a random fluctuation of a future electricity price by use of a fluctuation of a past electricity price, means for calculating a profit accrued from electricity sale and the like, means for evaluating a risk accrued from a random fluctuation of the electricity price, means for producing an appropriate electricity portfolio, means for reevaluating a value of the portfolio on a daily basis, means for reorganizing the portfolio for risk reduction, and means for deciding a price of a financial derivative instrument for risk hedging. The system measures a market risk associated with a power trading, and produces the portfolio for maximizing a profit while maintaining the risk within a tolerance.

Abstract: For a comprehensive risk evaluation of the electricity price fluctuations, respective relationships between power supplies or power demands and electricity prices are derived from data of historical power supply or power demand and data of historical electricity price for respective power exchanges, respective probability distributions of electricity price fluctuations relating to uncertain fluctuations of the power supply or the power demand are computed by using the respective relationships in a given period for evaluation of a market risk, the market risk of electricity price is measured by using the respective probability distributions of electricity price fluctuations, a probability distribution for randomly fluctuating components is derived by Monte Carlo simulation, and a market risk to the electricity price fluctuations is evaluated.