Abstract: The present invention regarding a liquid crystal display device aims to further prevent generation of low-temperature bubbles in a uniform cell gap and to further improve strength against pressure applied to a glass surface while saving a production cost. A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes multiple spacers arranged on a liquid crystal layer side of an array substrate. The multiple spacers include: a first spacer arranged in a part of an insulating layer having no contact hole formed thereon; and a second spacer arranged inside of the contact hole. The contact hole is provided on the insulating layer and connects a switching element to either a corresponding pixel electrode or a corresponding auxiliary capacitive layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises an array substrate having first and second pixel electrodes arranged adjacent each other and a counter substrate having a counter electrode opposing to the first and second pixel electrodes. First and second slits are formed on the counter electrode opposing to the first and second pixel electrode so as to cross the first and second pixel electrode, respectively. The counter electrode is separated into a first counter electrode portion and a second counter electrode portion by the first and second slits. A connecting counter electrode portion is arranged between the first and second slits to connect the first and second counter electrode portions. A columnar spacer is arranged between the first and second slits opposing to the connecting counter electrode portion to form a cell gap between the array substrate and the counter substrate.

Abstract: Structural objects are disposed in a peripheral region in positions opposed to spacers. In this way, a substrate surface of a counter substrate in the peripheral region is gently inclined in a direction away from a liquid crystal layer. In this way, it is possible to prevent unevenness in display attributable to a difference in a cell gap between a display region and the peripheral region.

Abstract: On an opposite substrate, such a protrusion that is not contact with an array substrate is disposed. Alternatively, on the array substrate, such a protrusion that is not contact with the opposite substrate is formed of the same material as a spacer. Still alternatively, a large wall-like spacer is disposed on the array substrate. This reduces an amount of liquid crystal sandwiched by the substrates, and thus suppresses generation of low-temperature bubbles in the liquid crystal.

Abstract: The present invention regarding a liquid crystal display device aims to further prevent generation of low-temperature bubbles in a uniform cell gap and to further improve strength against pressure applied to a glass surface while saving a production cost. A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes multiple spacers arranged on a liquid crystal layer side of an array substrate. The multiple spacers include: a first spacer arranged in a part of an insulating layer having no contact hole formed thereon; and a second spacer arranged inside of the contact hole. The contact hole is provided on the insulating layer and connects a switching element to either a corresponding pixel electrode or a corresponding auxiliary capacitive layer.

Abstract: Structural objects are disposed in a peripheral region in positions opposed to spacers. In this way, a substrate surface of a counter substrate in the peripheral region is gently inclined in a direction away from a liquid crystal layer. In this way, it is possible to prevent unevenness in display attributable to a difference in a cell gap between a display region and the peripheral region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate 10, a counter substrate 22 provided opposite to the TFT array substrate 10 and a liquid crystal layer 28 held between the TFT array and counter substrates 10 and 22. The TFT array substrate 10 has display and frame areas 31 and 32. There are pixel electrodes in the display area 31 which each have reflective and transparent portions 33 and 34 with convex and concave portions 29 and 30, respectively. Convex and concave portions 36 and 37 are also provided in the frame area 32 which are substantially the same in shape as convex and concave portions 29 and 30 in the display area 31. The surface of a photoresist coating film in the display area 31 shown by a dotted line 39 is substantially the same in configuration as that in the frame area 32 to make the column-like spacers 27 and 38 substantially the same in height. A cell gap between the TFT array and counter substrates 10 and 22 is made thereby substantially uniform.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element includes array and counter substrates provided opposite to each other. The array substrate is covered with a color filter layer. Pixel electrodes are provided in a matrix form on the color filter layer. The surface of the counter substrate is provided with a common electrode. Alignment films are coated on the pixel and common electrodes. A gap defined between the array and counter substrates are filled with a liquid crystal material to form a liquid crystal layer. The alignment films are processed to have surface energy within the range from 51 to 60 dyn/cm. Such surface energy substantially prevents an image-sticking phenomenon of the liquid crystal display element caused by impurities dissolved into a liquid crystal layer and white or black turbid spots caused by hydrolysis of the alignment films by moisture in the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate 10, a counter substrate 22 provided opposite to the TFT array substrate 10 and a liquid crystal layer 28 held between the TFT array and counter substrates 10 and 22. The TFT array substrate 10 has display and frame areas 31 and 32. There are pixel electrodes in the display area 31 which each have reflective and transparent portions 33 and 34 with convex and concave portions 29 and 30, respectively. Convex and concave portions 36 and 37 are also provided in the frame area 32 which are substantially the same in shape as convex and concave portions 29 and 30 in the display area 31. The surface of a photoresist coating film in the display area 31 shown by a dotted line 39 is substantially the same in configuration as that in the frame area 32 to make the column-like spacers 27 and 38 substantially the same in height. A cell gap between the TFT array and counter substrates 10 and 22 is made thereby substantially uniform.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal material sandwiched between the pair of substrates, a shield area disposed on the outer periphery of a display area, and an outer edge sealing member disposed on the further outer periphery than the shield area and formed except for the liquid crystal inlet. Particularly, in this liquid crystal display device, a shield pattern comprising a resin of a predetermined thickness and a color filter thinner than the predetermined thickness coexist with each other on a plane in the shield area in the vicinity of the inlet.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display including a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer intervening between the first and second substrates and containing liquid crystal substances different from each other, a sum of values each calculated from a formula: X&agr;(RTlogP&agr;+HE&agr;) for all the liquid crystal substances in the liquid crystal layer being 32 kJ/mol or higher, wherein X&agr; denotes a molar fraction of a component &agr; in the liquid crystal layer, P&agr; denotes a distribution ratio of the component &agr; between an aqueous phase and a 1-octanol phase, HE&agr; denotes a hydration energy for 1 mol of the component &agr;, R denotes a gas constant of 8.3 J/K·mol, and T denotes a temperature of 300 K.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal material sandwiched between the pair of substrates, a shield area disposed on the outer periphery of a display area, and an outer edge sealing member disposed on the further outer periphery than the shield area and formed except for the liquid crystal inlet. Particularly, in this liquid crystal display device, a shield pattern comprising a resin of a predetermined thickness and a color filter thinner than the predetermined thickness coexist with each other on a plane in the shield area in the vicinity of the inlet.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal material sandwiched between the pair of substrates, a shield area disposed on the outer periphery of a display area, and an outer edge sealing member disposed on the further outer periphery than the shield area and formed except for the liquid crystal inlet. Particularly, in this liquid crystal display device, a shield pattern comprising a resin of a predetermined thickness and a color filter thinner than the predetermined thickness coexist with each other on a plane in the shield area in the vicinity of the inlet.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element includes array and counter substrates provided opposite to each other. The array substrate is covered with a color filter layer. Pixel electrodes are provided in a matrix form on the color filter layer. The surface of the counter substrate is provided with a common electrode. Alignment films are coated on the pixel and common electrodes. A gap defined between the array and counter substrates are filled with a liquid crystal material to form a liquid crystal layer. The alignment films are processed to have surface energy within the range from 51 to 60 dyn/cm. Such surface energy substantially prevents an image-sticking phenomenon of the liquid crystal display element caused by impurities dissolved into a liquid crystal layer and white or black turbid spots caused by hydrolysis of the alignment films by moisture in the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display including a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer intervening between the first and second substrates and containing liquid crystal substances different from each other, a sum of values each calculated from a formula: X&agr;(RT log P&agr;+HE&agr;) for all the liquid crystal substances in the liquid crystal layer being 32 kJ/mol or higher, wherein X&agr; denotes a molar fraction of a component &agr; in the liquid crystal layer, P&agr; denotes a distribution ratio of the component &agr; between an aqueous phase and a 1-octanol phase, HE&agr; denotes a hydration energy for 1 mol of the component &agr;, R denotes a gas constant of 8.3 J/K·mol, and T denotes a temperature of 300 K.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device, comprising two substrates each having an alignment film, a sealing member arranged in the outer peripheries of the two substrates to permit the outer peripheries of these two substrates, which are arranged such that the alignment films of these two substrates face each other, to be bonded to each other except a liquid crystal filling port, a spacer for keeping the two substrates a predetermined distance apart from each other, a liquid crystal layer formed by filling a liquid crystal material through the liquid crystal filling port into the clearance between the two substrates, and an end-sealing material for sealing the liquid crystal filling port, wherein total amounts of an alkyl acid, phenyl carboxylic acid or a phenyl carboxylic acid derivative, phenylene dicarboxylic acid or a phenylene dicarboxylic acid derivative, an alkyl amine, aniline or an aniline derivative, phenylene diamine or a phenylene diamine derivative, phenyleneamine carboxylic acid or a phenyl

Abstract: In an electooptical liquid crystal device comprising an OCB mode liquid crystal cell and an optically anisotropic element compensating a viewing angle characteristics of the cell, the optically anisotropic element satisfies the elliptical coefficient Z of the index ellipsoid of the optically anisotropic element,7.ltoreq.Z.ltoreq.10,if Z=(ndx-ndz)/(ndx-ndy),where ndx, ndy and ndz represent the components in x, y and z directions of the products of the refractive indice n of optically anisotropic element and the thickness of the optically anisotropic element, when the optically anisotropic element is combined with the bend-aligned liquid crystal cell as the electrooptical liquid crystal device.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device having a driving liquid crystal cell interposed between two polarizers 1 and 4, the cell having a liquid crystal layer 3e held between two substrates 3a and 3b, the layer having a twisted molecular alignment when no voltage is applied, and the liquid crystal cell performing optical control, using the optical anisotropy of liquid crystal, there is provided with an optical anisotropic element 2 between the polarizer and the driving liquid crystal cell, the optical anisotropic element 2 comprising an optical anisotropic substance layer 2c in which the optical rotatory power slanted to the normal of the substrates 3a and 3b is greater than the optical rotatory power in the direction of the normal of the substrate. The angle of the optical axis of the optical anisotropic element 2 varies continuously or in stages in the direction of layer thickness of the optical anisotropic element as against the surface of the optical anisotropic element.