Abstract: This invention discloses an ingot cutting apparatus, wherein a crystalline ingot is positioned within an etching gas and a component of the etching gas is excited by illumination of light from a light source onto the crystalline ingot, thereby making a component of the etching gas react chemically with the component of the crystalline ingot and volatilizing the component of the crystalline ingot to cut the crystalline ingot and obtain wafers and wherein light from a light source is guided to the crystalline ingot via a sheet-like, bar-like, or fiber-like optical wave guide.

Abstract: Provided are calcium salts of a 1,5-benzodiazepine derivative represented by the following formula (I): (wherein, R1 represents a lower alkyl group, R2 represents a phenyl or cyclohexyl group, and Y represents a single bond or a lower alkylene group); a process for preparing the salts; and drugs containing the same as the active ingredient. The compounds exhibit a potent inhibitory activity against the secretion of gastric acid and potent antagonism against gastrin and/or CCK-B receptor.

Abstract: Provided are calcium salts of a 1,5-benzodiazepine derivative represented by the following formula (I): 1

Abstract: This invention discloses an ingot cutting apparatus, wherein a crystalline ingot is positioned within an etching gas and a component of the etching gas is excited by illumination of light from a light source onto the crystalline ingot, thereby making a component of the etching gas react chemically with the component of the crystalline ingot and volatilizing the component of the crystalline ingot to cut the crystalline ingot and obtain wafers and wherein light from a light source is guided to the crystalline ingot via a sheet-like, bar-like, or fiber-like optical wave guide.

Abstract: A weight detecting type sensor comprising a roller capable of partly jutting out upwardly from the surface of a body conveying belt, a strut rotatably supporting the roller and having a through-aperture at a portion thereof, a sensor having an optical axis associated with the through-aperture formed in the strut, and a pair of magnets disposed below the bottom of the strut.

Abstract: A quartz tube adapted for thermal processing of semiconductor substrates comprising a double-layered central tube having an external sintered crystalline quartz layer fused with a quartz layer of different quality, i.e. an internal transparent fused quartz layer. Both ends of the central tube are fused with the ends of two transparent fused quartz end tubes. The double-layered tube portion can be produced by compacting quartz particulates by means of centrifugal force within a mould and heating from the center with or without placing a fused quartz tube on its inner surface. Semiconductor substrates are processed using this quartz tube, thereby semiconductor devices having stabilized high qualities are produced at an increased yield as well as at a low cost.