Abstract: A method for producing a body structure composed of a stiffened panel of a fiber-reinforced composite, wherein (a) a skin member is placed on a forming tool, (b) a plurality of preformed stringer members are arranged on the skin member at predetermined intervals, (c) a plurality of preformed outer frame members are arranged on the skin member to intersect the preformed stringer members, (d) the skin member, the preformed stringer members and the preformed outer frame members are integrally hardened by heating under a pressure to prepare an assembly having a skin, stringers and an outer frame, (e) an inner frame member hardened by heating under a pressure beforehand is put into contact with the outer frame, and (f) the inner frame member and the assembly are adhesive-formed by heating under a pressure. A body structure produced by the method is also provided.

Abstract: A skin/bulkhead structure comprising a barrel-shaped skin and a pressure bulkhead composed of a stiffening member and a bulkhead skin, wherein an end of the stiffening member is mechanically connected to an opening of the barrel-shaped skin through a first connecting member and marginal portion of the bulkhead skin is adhesive-connected to the opening through a second connecting member, the barrel-shaped skin, the stiffening member, the bulkhead skin, the first connecting member and the second connecting member being each made of a fiber-reinforced composite.

Abstract: In this disclosure, based on change item definition information concerning system LSI development and design, software used for development and design of a system LSI that contains a processor having optional instructions defined therein is operated, and system LSI hardware description, verification environment and a development and design tools are generated, thus making it possible to develop a system LSI optimal to an application within a short period.

Abstract: A method for bonding a plurality of non-magnetic members includes the steps of (1) mating the non-magnetic members via an uncured adhesive interposed between their surfaces to be bonded; (2) applying pressure to their mated portions between a pressing magnet jig and a pressure-receiving, soft-magnetic jig; and (3) curing the adhesive while applying pressure.

Abstract: A method for producing a stepped semi-hardened product having a joggle in an edge portion, comprising: the first process where a plurality of first sheets made of a fiber-reinforced composite are laminated to each other, heated under a pressure and cooled under a pressure to provide a first flat plate-shaped laminate; the second process where the first flat plate-shaped laminate is softened by heating, placed on a first forming tool and formed by cooling under a pressure to prepare a simple shaped intermediate; and the third process where an edge portion of the simple shaped intermediate is heated under a pressure to form said joggle. A method for producing a preformed structure composed of the stepped semi-hardened product and a simple shaped semi-hardened product is also provided.

Abstract: A skin/bulkhead structure comprising a barrel-shaped skin and a pressure bulkhead composed of a stiffening member and a bulkhead skin, wherein an end of the stiffening member is mechanically connected to an opening of the barrel-shaped skin through a first connecting member and marginal portion of the bulkhead skin is adhesive-connected to the opening through a second connecting member, the barrel-shaped skin, the stiffening member, the bulkhead skin, the first connecting member and the second connecting member being each made of a fiber-reinforced composite.

Abstract: A method for producing a body structure composed of a stiffened panel of a fiber-reinforced composite, wherein (a) a skin member is placed on a forming tool, (b) a plurality of preformed stringer members are arranged on the skin member at predetermined intervals, (c) a plurality of preformed outer flame members are arranged on the skin member to intersect the preformed stringer members, (d) the skin member, the preformed stringer members and the preformed outer flame members are integrally hardened by heating under a pressure to prepare an assembly having a skin, stringers and an outer flame, (e) an inner flame member hardened by heating under a pressure beforehand is put into contact with the outer flame, and (f) the inner flame member and the assembly are adhesive-formed by heating under a pressure. A body structure produced by the method is also provided.

Abstract: A specific lens with a high sensitivity to an eccentricity is selected from a lens optical system and is provided with a tilting mechanism, which enables the tilt angle of the lens to be adjusted from outside a lens barrel. After lenses are fitted into the lens barrel, the tilting mechanism enables the adjustment of a resolution while the image quality of the lens optical system is observed. A second lens frame for supporting a second lens, which has the greatest effect on the resolution in the lens optical system, is arranged inside a first lens frame. A reference pin and two eccentric pins are provided at regular intervals of 120 degrees on the circumferential surface of the first lens frame. The reference pin and two eccentric pins support the second lens frame from the outside. The pins are inserted into grooves formed in the second lens frame. A projecting part is formed at the outer circumference of the second lens frame, and the projecting part comes into contact with the first lens frame.

Abstract: A motor for a focus fine tuning lens is attached to the side of a lens barrel. The motor connects to a lens holding frame of the fine tuning lens via a belt, so that the backlash can be prevented. Because the motor and a belt transmission mechanism are accommodated by a drive unit, the existing drive unit can be used without changing its size and form.

Abstract: A zoom lens apparatus moves the first lens group and the second lens group by rotating a zoom cam cylinder with cam grooves formed thereon. A plurality of forcing members uniformly forces first cam followers, which are provided on a lens supporting frame for the first lens group, against one sides of the cam grooves. Likewise, the plurality of forcing members uniformly forces second cam followers, which are provided on a lens supporting frame for the second lens group, against the other sides of the cam grooves.

Abstract: Two cam pins of the variable magnification lens group and the aberration correction lens group are guided by two side walls of one cam groove. Thus, two cam grooves can deal with three movable lens groups, and there is no need to provide three cam grooves. Consequently, the cam cylinder can be short, and thereby the zoom lens apparatus can be compact. A spring applies force to the two cam pins to separate from one another, so that the cam pins can be pressed against the side walls.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of a 4-substituted azetidinone. The process comprises reacting ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a protecting group for N, R.sup.1 represents an alkyl which may be a substituent having an unprotected or protected hydroxyl group; and Z represents a leaving group; with ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represent hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, or naphthyl, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded, form a ring system; X and Y each represent oxygen, sulfur or N-r.sup.1, wherein r.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl; A, B, D and E each represent nitrogen or C-r.sup.2, wherein r.sup.2 represents hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, provided that at least two of A, B, D and E are C-r.sup.

Abstract: A circuit controls a brushless DC motor having a magnetic rotor and a stator coil. The circuit has a switching element for switching a current to the stator coil to rotate the rotor. The circuit compares a voltage induced in the motor with a neutral voltage of a DC power source with no delay to provide a positional detection signal. The circuit has a one-chip microcomputer for examining a PWM waveform signal used to generate a synchronous signal and the switching timing of the switching element. The microcomputer samples the positional detection signal only during intervals in which a current is supplied to the stator coil, and carries out other processes during intervals in which no current is supplied to the stator coil.

Abstract: A helicoid is formed at the outer periphery of the front of a body fixing lens barrel, and a helicoid is formed at the inner periphery of the back of the focusing lens barrel in such a manner that these two helicoids can be engaged with each other. A movable focusing lens group is held by the front of the focusing lens barrel so that the helicoid can be pushed to one side and the inaccurateness of the focus can be reduced. A lens hood is attached to a fixed focus lens frame fixed to a focus fixing lens barrel, which is different from the body fixing lens barrel. Thereby, even if the focus fixing lens barrel is deformed by the force generated by the attachment, the deformation does not warp the helicoid.

Abstract: In a method of controlling start of a refrigerant-circulating compressor driven by a brushless motor in a refrigerating cycle, the brushless motor is started in accordance with an asynchronous forced commutation operation without use of rotor position detection signals; and when the rotor position detection signals can be detected a predetermined number of times or more due to synchronous commutations during the forced commutation operation, the asynchronous forced commutation operation is shifted to a synchronous commutation starting operation with the use of the rotor position detection signals.

Abstract: The present invention is a prompter for TV camera allowing it to easily mount a half mirror on a manuscript display with an image memory. The apparatus comprises a support plate swingably supporting the half mirror, operating knobs for securing the half mirror at its operating position and retracted position, and a light shield for shielding the half mirror therearound when the half mirror is positioned in front of the lens assembly, and being foldable. The support plate is mounted on the display unit by mating the half hinges, or by coupling with magnets. When the half mirror is inclined by 45.degree. to its operating position, the image of manuscript is displayed on the half mirror. In retracting, the half mirror is moved to the retracted position and the light shield can be folded.

Abstract: An inverter controlling an air conditioner including a brushless motor serving as a compressor motor. A microcomputer detects the rotational position of a rotor of the brushless motor from signals obtained by comparison of each of terminal voltages of the motor windings with a reference voltage in order to determine a commutation time. In a normal operation, the microcomputer forms, according to a normal energization signal forming pattern, energization signals corresponding to every commutation time at every occurrence of the commutation time, so that the motor windings are sequentially energized. When frost forms on an outdoor heat exchanger of a heat pump during a warming operation and a defrosting operation is necessary, the energization signals are formed according to a loss increasing energization signal forming pattern so that loss increasing energization signals for causing the rotor to produce counter torque are added to the respective energization signals formed according to the normal pattern.

Abstract: A planar illuminating device, comprising a light-transmitting plate made of a transparent material and having opposite side edges and opposing front and rear faces, two sources of light each arranged adjacent to one of the side edges of the plate, a reflector arranged behind the plate rear face and reflecting rays of light from the plate to the front face of the plate, a light diffuser arranged in front of the plate and diffusing rays of light from the plate. The device comprises a reflecting finish applied directly to the rear face of the plate. A reflecting surface of the reflecting finish faces substantially in the direction of the front face of the plate. The reflectance of part of the reflecting finish depends on the distance of that part from either of the two sources of light. The device further comprises parallel prismatic cuts along the front face of the plate. The longitudinal axes of the prismatic cuts are substantially parallel to rays of light passing from the sources of light through the plate.

Abstract: A system and a method for saving power of an output variable apparatus such as an inverter air conditioner. A power demand controlling system includes: a power demand controlling unit for detecting and monitoring constantly an electric current flowing through the domestic lines; and power save controlling unit, connected to the domestic power lines and the output variable apparatus, for sending a power save signal to the apparatus, based on the current monitored by the power demand controlling unit, so that an output of the apparatus is reduced to a minimum value and after the power save signal is cancelled the output is returned gradually and stepwise to an original value.

Abstract: This invention relates to 3,6-diamino-2,5-pyrazinedicarbonitrile which is a red crystal and yellowish green fluorenscent substance and the methods of preparation from compounds represented by formula [I], ##STR1## (wherein R are aryl, alkyl, aralkyl or alkenyl or may be substituted), as a starting material, under acidic condition in the presence of oxygen.