Abstract: A light emitter includes reflectors that are spaced apart by a short distance to reduce a thickness of the light emitter. A fabrication method of such light emitters, and an image display using such light emitters are also provided. A light emitter includes: an LED chip 7, reflectors 2 provided on both sides of the LED chip 7, and a second resin layer 4 on which the LED chip 7 and the reflectors 2 are provided. Reflecting faces 9 of the reflectors 2 reflect light emitted by the LED chip 7. In the light emitter, the reflecting faces 9 of the reflectors 2 are formed perpendicular to the second resin layer 4 on which the LED chip 7 is provided.

Abstract: An optical pickup includes: a first projector for projecting a first light beam of a first wavelength so as to record and reproduce information with respect to an optical disk having a first light transmissive layer; a second projector for projecting a second light beam of a second wavelength longer than the first wavelength so as to record and reproduce information with respect to an optical disk having a second light transmissive layer; an objective lens common to the first and second light beams; and a diffraction optical element made of a lens with a diffraction grating and a refracting face and disposed in an optical path between the first and second projectors and the objective lens. The diffraction optical element is set to satisfy a predetermined equation.

Abstract: An optical pickup includes: a first projector for projecting a first light beam of a first wavelength so as to record and reproduce information with respect to an optical disk having a first light transmissive layer; a second projector for projecting a second light beam of a second wavelength longer than the first wavelength so as to record and reproduce information with respect to an optical disk having a second light transmissive layer; an objective lens common to the first and second light beams; and a diffraction optical element made of a lens with a diffraction grating and a refracting face and disposed in an optical path between the first and second projectors and the objective lens. The diffraction optical element is set to satisfy a predetermined equation.

Abstract: An optical pickup includes: a first projector for projecting a first light beam of a first wavelength so as to record and reproduce information with respect to an optical disk having a first light transmissive layer; a second projector for projecting a second light beam of a second wavelength longer than the first wavelength so as to record and reproduce information with respect to an optical disk having a second light transmissive layer; an objective lens common to the first and second light beams; and a diffraction optical element made of a lens with a diffraction grating and a refracting face and disposed in an optical path between the first and second projectors and the objective lens. The diffraction optical element is set to satisfy a predetermined equation.

Abstract: An optical integrated unit includes a semiconductor laser (11), a polarized light beam splitter (14), a light receiving element (12), and a polarized light diffraction element (15) for diffracting an optical beam (20) and returning light. The polarized light diffraction element (15) is so provided as to receive the light beam (20) having passed through a polarized light beam splitter surface (14a), and as to diffract the returning light such that an optical path of the returning light is changed to lead to the light receiving element (12). This makes it possible to provide (i) an optical integrated unit in which the beam diameter of light incidenting on a diffraction element is large and in which an optical path length from the diffraction element to a light receiving element is long, and (ii) an optical pickup device including such an optical integrated unit.

Abstract: An optical pickup includes: a first projector for projecting a first light beam of a first wavelength so as to record and reproduce information with respect to an optical disk having a first light transmissive layer; a second projector for projecting a second light beam of a second wavelength longer than the first wavelength so as to record and reproduce information with respect to an optical disk having a second light transmissive layer; an objective lens common to the first and second light beams; and a diffraction optical element made of a lens with a diffraction grating and a refracting face and disposed in an optical path between the first and second projectors and the objective lens. The diffraction optical element is set to satisfy a predetermined equation.

Abstract: A recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention includes a photo-detector having light receiving sections divided along the track direction of an optical disk. The apparatus also includes a wobble signal processing circuit for generating a wobbling polarity judging signal used in judging a wobbling polarity of a track being tracked by comparing phases of a first wobble signal detected from a difference signal of the outputs of the light receiving sections and a second wobble signal detected from a sum signal of the outputs of the light receiving signals. Consequently, whether the wobbled side wall of the track being tracked is the inner or outer radius of track can be judged in real time by a simple structure using one laser beam.

Abstract: A light emitting element includes: A light emitting element, includes: at least one LED chip provided on an installation surface of a substrate; a metallic reflecting plate, provided upright in a light projecting direction of the LED chip on the installation surface so as to surround an entire periphery of the LED chip, the metallic reflecting plate reflecting light projected from the LED chip to guide the light to a light projecting surface provided in the light projecting direction; and a first metallic portion and a second metallic portion, respectively connected to the LED chip as electrode terminals for supplying a driving current to the LED chip, each being formed in an area surrounded by the metallic reflecting plate on the installation surface, wherein an insulating section is formed surrounding the second metallic portion, to electrically insulate the second metallic portion from other portion in the area, and the first metallic portion is formed outside the insulating section in the area as an insta

Abstract: An aberration detection device is arranged such that a distance L2 is longer than a distance L1, where the distance L1 is a shortest distance between the optical axis and a condensed light spot SP1, and the distance L2 is a shortest distance between the optical axis and a condensed light spot SP2, and that a hologram element is rotatable about the optical axis. With this arrangement, condensing spots of light beams divided by the hologram element are optimized. Thereby, an aberration detection device and an optical pickup device provided with the same are provided, each of which can alleviate positional errors in mounting of the hologram element 102 in height along the optical axis.

Abstract: An optical pickup includes a semiconductor laser for emitting light at a wavelength ?1 and a semiconductor laser for emitting light at a different wavelength ?2 from the wavelength ?1. The light at the wavelength ?1 transmitted through an objective lens forms a light-collecting spot on an optical disk to record/reproduce information thereon. The light at the wavelength ?2 transmitted through the objective lens forms a light-collecting spot on an optical disk to record/reproduce information thereon, the two optical disks having different substrate thicknesses. Between the semiconductor laser and the objective lens is there provided a combination-type diffractive element fabricated by combining two raw materials having different refractive index behaviors in relation to wavelength at a combining plane shaped as a grating. The structure facilitates good recording/reproduction on the two types of recording media irrespective of the reproduction wavelengths or substrate thicknesses of the recording media.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel flavoring solution for making pickles having a flavor of foods pickled in rice bran paste (hereinafter referred to as a bran pickles flavoring solution), a clear bran pickles flavoring solution, processes for producing said solutions, a novel microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium used for the production of said flavoring solutions, and a process for producing a solution containing a lactone wherein the lactone is selectively extracted from a culture of a lactone-producing microorganism. The present invention also relates to a novel bacterium of the genus Corynebacterium which has the ability to produce ?-dodecalactone and/or ?-dodecelactone and is useful for the production of said bran pickles flavoring solutions.

Abstract: In an optical pickup device of the present invention, return light from an optical disk is diffracted by a diffraction element divided into two or more regions, and while a first light-receiving section receiving plus 1st-order diffracted light having passed through the first region of the diffraction element is provided on one side of an optical axis of a light beam not diffracted by the diffraction element, a second light-receiving section receiving minus 1st-order diffracted light having passed through the second region is provided on the other side of the optical axis. This arrangement makes it possible to easily and surely adjust the optical system of the optical pickup device.

Abstract: An optical recording medium is arranged such that respective information recorded on lands and grooves are reproducible by either of a light beam of a first wavelength ?1 and a light beam of a second wavelength ?2 which is shorter than the first wavelength ?1. The groove depth d of the optical recording medium is such that tracking error signals of not less than a predetermined level can be ensured for respective wavelengths ?1 and ?2 without generating distortion in waveform, irrespectively of differences in receiving light sensitivity of a photodetector provided in a optical pickup devices for use in recording and reproducing information on and from such optical recording medium.

Abstract: An optical pickup includes: a first projector for projecting a first light beam of a first wavelength so as to record and reproduce information with respect to an optical disk having a first light transmissive layer; a second projector for projecting a second light beam of a second wavelength longer than the first wavelength so as to record and reproduce information with respect to an optical disk having a second light transmissive layer; an objective lens common to the first and second light beams; and a diffraction optical element made of a lens with a diffraction grating and a refracting face and disposed in an optical path between the first and second projectors and the objective lens. The diffraction optical element is set to satisfy a predetermined equation.

Abstract: In an optical recording medium, a groove G and/or a land L composing a recording track includes an interrupted portion of a predetermined length in a direction of the recording track, and the interrupted portion is a clock mark to obtain a clock signal. When (clock mark length C1)/(beam spot size D1)=CM, CM≦1.0. This reduces a region to record the control signal, thereby enabling high-density recording and reproduction, reproducing a control signal having a waveform free from distortion, and generating a clock signal in a state of little jitter.

Abstract: An optical pickup includes a semiconductor laser for emitting light at a wavelength &lgr;1 and a semiconductor laser for emitting light at a different wavelength &lgr;2 from the wavelength &lgr;1. The light at the wavelength &lgr;1 transmitted through an objective lens forms a light-collecting spot on an optical disk to record/reproduce information thereon. The light at the wavelength &lgr;2 transmitted through the objective lens forms a light-collecting spot on an optical disk to record/reproduce information thereon, the two optical disks having different substrate thicknesses. Between the semiconductor laser and the objective lens is there provided a combination-type diffractive element fabricated by combining two raw materials having different refractive index behaviors in relation to wavelength at a combining plane shaped as a grating.

Abstract: Beam shaping means may have a shaping ratio set to allow a light beam emitted from a semiconductor laser and having an elliptic intensity distribution to have an ellipticity of no more than two to obtain a spot achieving high light availability and reduced in size. Furthermore, the shaping ratio can be set to no more than 2.5 to allow a polalized-beam splitter (light separation means) and other components to be arranged in a converged flux passing between the semiconductor laser and a collimator lens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel flavoring solution for making pickles having a flavor of foods pickled in rice bran paste (hereinafter referred to as a bran pickles flavoring solution), a clear bran pickles flavoring solution, processes for producing said solutions, a novel microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium used for the production of said flavoring solutions, and a process for producing a solution containing a lactone wherein the lactone is selectively extracted from a culture of a lactone-producing microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel flavoring solution for making pickles having a flavor of foods pickled in rice bran paste (hereinafter referred to as a bran pickles flavoring solution), a clear bran pickles flavoring solution, processes for producing said solutions, a novel microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium used for the production of said flavoring solutions, and a process for producing a solution containing a lactone wherein the lactone is selectively extracted from a culture of a lactone-producing microorganism. The present invention also relates to a novel bacterium of the genus Corynebacterium which has the ability to produce &ggr;-dodecalactone and/or &ggr;-dodecelactone and is useful for the production of said bran pickles flavoring solutions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel flavoring solution for making pickles having a flavor of foods pickled in rice bran paste (hereinafter referred to as a bran pickles flavoring solution), a clear bran pickles flavoring solution, processes for producing said solutions, a novel microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium used for the production of said flavoring solutions, and a process for producing a solution containing a lactone wherein the lactone is selectively extracted from a culture of a lactone-producing microorganism.