Abstract: The invention provides an image processing method and an image processing apparatus suitably applied to an image reading apparatus such as an OCR or a facsimile, by which a drop or a break of a thin line which is caused by a little inclination of an original can be prevented with certainty by a simple processing procedure without emphasizing noise and besides sharp binary digitization processing which does not cause blurring or distortion can be performed even where color characters are present discretely in the original. When a density value of a noticed picture element upon binary processing is lower than a predetermined threshold level, a binary value error of a picture element on the opposite side to the noticed picture element in a main scanning direction or a sub scanning direction is added to the density value of the noticed picture element to obtain a sum value, and the sum value is compared with the predetermined threshold level.

Abstract: Novel polycyclic compounds represented by the following formula: A--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --COOR.sup.1, wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; n represents an integer of from 0 to 5; and A is a group represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein X represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; and Y represents a methylene group, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom, or A is a group represented by the following formula: ##STR2## and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof are disclosed. Also disclosed are a method for preparing the same, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, an antiallergic agent and an agent for bronchial asthma comprising the same, and a method for treatment of an allergic disease or bronchial asthma comprising the step of administering the same.

Abstract: A piperidine derivative represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkoxy group; R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; Y represents an alkylene group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms which may be optionally substituted with a lower alkyl group, or Y represents an --A--O--B-- group wherein A and B are the same or different and each independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may be optionally substituted with a lower alkyl group is disclosed.

Abstract: A thiazetoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid derivative represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R.sub.2 is a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkanoyl group, a halogenated lower alkanoyl, or alkoxycarbonyl group; and R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, a process for preparation thereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and a method for the treatment of an infectious disease by administering the same, are disclosed.

Abstract: A piperidine derivative represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; X represents --CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, or --CH.sub.2 O--; Y represents an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may be optionally substituted with a lower alkyl group, or Y represents an --A--O--B-- group wherein A and B are the same or different and each independently represented an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may be optionally substituted with a lower alkyl group is disclosed. Also disclosed are a pharmacologically acceptable salt of a compound of formula (I), a method for preparation of a compound of formula (I), an antihistaminic and antiallergic agent comprising a compound of formula (I), a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I), and a method for the treatment of an allergic disease by administering a compound of formula (I).

Abstract: Amide-compounds represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, lower alkoxy, hydroxy, lower alkyl, halogen, amino which can be substituted by lower alkyl, nitro, cyano, sulfamoyl which can be substituted by lower alkyl, R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, lower alkoxy, hydroxy, lower alkyl, halogen, amino, nitro, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be combined to form methylenedioxy, R.sub.3 means hydrogen, lower alkyl, halogen, or amino, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 may be the same or different and each represents lower alkyl or wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.

Abstract: Phenoxyethylamine derivatives represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.5 represent lower-alkyl, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, each represents hydrogen or lower-alkyl, or ##STR2## represents a 5- or 6-membered ring system which may include nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur as a ring membered atom, R.sub.4 represents hydrogen or lower-alkyl, and n represents an integer selected from 1 to 3, their optical isomers and pharmacologically-acceptable acid addition salts, which exhibit excellent .alpha..sub.1 -blocking activity, a process for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and a method for the treatment of a subject afflicted with hypertension or dysuria by administrating such a compound, are all disclosed.

Abstract: Novel pyrazine derivatives useful for treatment of bronchial asthma, allergic gastorenteric trouble, hay fever urticaria, allertic rhinitis, and allergic conjunctivitis, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, are disclosed. The compounds have the formula I as follows: ##STR1## wherein R represents hydrogen or ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be the same or different and each independently represents hydrogen, straight or branched-chain lower-alkyl, or cycloalkyl having three to six carbon atoms inclusive, phenyl which may be substituted with halogen, lower-alkyl, or lower-alkoxy, or wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together represent alkylene of four to six carbon atoms, inclusive, optionally interrupted by one or two nitrogen atoms or one oxygen atom and said ring being optionally substituted by straight or branched-chain lower-alkyl having one to six carbon atoms inclusive, hydroxy, or phenyl,and pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A device is to secure conduits on saddles comprising grooved rails transversely with an axial line of the conduit, provided with a foot projecting engaging parts laterally for the suspending wall, holding curves continuing from the foot, a main body having projections forward from the end of the holding curve, and a vane plate whose sides have the length equal to or more than the inner width of a flange and other two sides are shorter than said two sides, and which has a female screw at the center portion. The vane plate is disposed under the seat part, and is screwed with a stem of the screw member inserted in a passage of the seat part, and is pulled upward by an elastic body disposed around the stem between the head of the screw member of the vane and the seat part, and the vane plate is contacted to the suspending wall of the saddle by rotating down the screw member, and the conduit is fixed temporarily.

Abstract: Certain 4'-alkyl-2-methyl-3-pyrrolidinopropiophenones, acid addition salts thereof, their method of preparation, pharmaceutical compositions embodying the same, and a method of muscle relaxation therewith, are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel alpha-aminoalkyl-alpha-alkylphenylacetonitrile derivatives useful for treatment of cartino vaso diseases, a peripheral circulatory insufficiency and cerebral circulation failure are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with the novel piperazinylquinoline-3-carboxylic acids represented by formula (I) ##STR1## or a pharmacologically-acceptable salt thereof, a process for the preparation of them, and a pharmaceutical composition which contains these new compounds as active ingredient and can be used as the therapeutic agent against bacteria.

Abstract: Derivatives of N-substituted flavone-8-carboxamides represented by general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxyl group, a halogen atom or a nitro group, R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, k represents 0, 1, 2, or 3, m represents 0 or 1; X and Y, which must be different, represent a hydrogen atom or methyl group. A represents an amino group having the formula ##STR2## wherein, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5, which may be the same or different, represent a lower alkyl group or a cyclic amino group together with the nitrogen atom and with or without an oxygen atom, R.sub.6 represents a lower alkyl group and n represents 2 or 3, are disclosed, as well as pharmaceutical compositions thereof and method of treating therewith.The N-substituted flavone-8-carboxamides derivatives are useful as agents for treatment of dysurea.

Abstract: 1-(3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamoyl)-4-aminocarbonylethyl-substituted piperazine derivatives represented by general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof are disclosed.The 1-(3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl)-4-aminocarbonylethyl-substituted piperazine derivatives are useful as vasodilator agents.

Abstract: A method for coagulating a latex of a synthetic polymer having a coagulated latex particle formation temperature to form substantially spherical particles, the method comprising: forming substantially spherical latex particles by dispersing substantially spherical drops of the latex into a vessel or chamber containing a coagulating atmosphere which can be (i) a gaseous coagulant or (ii) a liquid coagulant in the form of a mist of drops having diameters such that the terminal settling velocity of the drops under free-falling conditions is in accordance with Stokes' Law, while maintaining the coagulant at the coagulated latex particle formation temperature and while causing water at the coagulated latex particle formation temperature to flow downward over the inner surface of the coagulation vessel to cause pluralities of polymer particles in a drop of the latex to coagulate to form substantially spherical coagulated latex particles.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing 2-arylpiperazine derivatives and more particularly, 2-phenylpiperazine derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a group selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group (having carbon atoms of 1 to about 8, preferably 1 to 4), a lower alkoxy group (having carbon atoms of 1 to about 8, preferably 1 to 4), a nitro group, a cyano group, a benzyloxy group, a hydroxy group and when n is 2 R is a methylenedioxy group, and n represents 1, 2 or 3.