Abstract: A thin-film ESD protection device includes a semiconductor substrate including a low-resistivity portion at least adjacent to a first principal surface thereof; an insulating layer formed on the first principal surface; first and second input/output electrodes, and a ground electrode formed on a surface of the insulating layer. Moreover, a diode element and a capacitor element are formed adjacent to the first principal surface. The diode element is connected at a first end thereof to the first input/output electrode and connected at a second end thereof to the ground electrode. The capacitor element is connected at a third end thereof to the second input/output electrode and connected at a fourth end thereof to the ground electrode. The second end of the diode element and the fourth end of the capacitor element are connected by the low-resistivity portion of the semiconductor substrate to the ground electrode.

Abstract: A thin-film ESD protection device includes a semiconductor substrate including a low-resistivity portion at least adjacent to a first principal surface thereof; an insulating layer formed on the first principal surface; first and second input/output electrodes, and a ground electrode formed on a surface of the insulating layer. Moreover, a diode element and a capacitor element are formed adjacent to the first principal surface. The diode element is connected at a first end thereof to the first input/output electrode and connected at a second end thereof to the ground electrode. The capacitor element is connected at a third end thereof to the second input/output electrode and connected at a fourth end thereof to the ground electrode. The second end of the diode element and the fourth end of the capacitor element are connected by the low-resistivity portion of the semiconductor substrate to the ground electrode.

Abstract: A Zener diode used as an ESD protection element is connected in parallel to a circuit to be protected, for example an LED chip. The Zener diode is connected in parallel to an antifuse element. For example, an LED package (P1-Pn) includes the LED chip and a composite protection element connected in parallel thereto. The composite protection element includes the Zener diode and antifuse element. The Zener diode is formed in a semiconductor substrate, and the antifuse element is formed in a wiring layer on the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A variable capacitance device that includes a semiconductor substrate, a redistribution layer disposed on a surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a plurality of terminal electrodes including first and second input/output terminals, a ground terminal and a control voltage application terminal. Moreover, a variable capacitance element section is formed in the redistribution layer from a pair of capacitor electrodes connected to the first and second input/output terminals, respectively, and a ferroelectric thin film disposed between the capacitor electrodes. Further, an ESD protection element is connected between the one of the input/output terminals and the ground terminal is formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A variable capacitance device that includes a semiconductor substrate, a redistribution layer disposed on a surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a plurality of terminal electrodes including first and second input/output terminals, a ground terminal and a control voltage application terminal. Moreover, a variable capacitance element section is formed in the redistribution layer from a pair of capacitor electrodes connected to the first and second input/output terminals, respectively, and a ferroelectric thin film disposed between the capacitor electrodes. Further, an ESD protection element is connected between the one of the input/output terminals and the ground terminal is formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A variable capacitance device that includes a semiconductor substrate, a redistribution layer disposed on a surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a plurality of terminal electrodes including first and second input/output terminals, a ground terminal and a control voltage application terminal. Moreover, a variable capacitance element section is formed in the redistribution layer from a pair of capacitor electrodes connected to the first and second input/output terminals, respectively, and a ferroelectric thin film disposed between the capacitor electrodes. Further, an ESD protection element is connected between the one of the input/output terminals and the ground terminal is formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A variable capacitance device that includes a semiconductor substrate, a redistribution layer disposed on a surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a plurality of terminal electrodes including first and second input/output terminals, a ground terminal and a control voltage application terminal. Moreover, a variable capacitance element section is formed in the redistribution layer from a pair of capacitor electrodes connected to the first and second input/output terminals, respectively, and a ferroelectric thin film disposed between the capacitor electrodes. Further, an ESD protection element is connected between the one of the input/output terminals and the ground terminal is formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A Zener diode used as an ESD protection element is connected in parallel to a circuit to be protected, for example an LED chip. The Zener diode is connected in parallel to an antifuse element. For example, an LED package (P1-Pn) includes the LED chip and a composite protection element connected in parallel thereto. The composite protection element includes the Zener diode and antifuse element. The Zener diode is formed in a semiconductor substrate, and the antifuse element is formed in a wiring layer on the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A spherical body grinding and polishing apparatus comprises: a rotary shaft having a spiral path groove in the outer cylindrical surface along which spherical bodies to be processed are moved, the rotary shaft being vertically movable and rotatable; and a housing having grinding and polishing surfaces on which the spherical surfaces of the spherical bodies moving along the path groove are slid. When spherical bodies such as silicon spherical bodies are supplied to the apparatus, the spherical bodies are rolled and moved along the spiral path groove formed in the outer cylindrical surface of the rotary shaft while sliding on the inner surface of the housing, so that the outer surfaces of the spherical bodies are ground and polished until the spherical bodies become high in sphericity.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel carrying apparatus for carrying spherical objects such as spherical semiconductors of silicon in which the spherical objects are not contacted with an inner surface of a pipe-shaped body while they are being carried in the pipe-shaped body. The carrying apparatus for carrying spherical objects is provided with a spiral current generating means for generating a spiral current of fluid, and the spiral current generated by the spiral current generating means is introduced into a passage of the spherical objects. The spiral current generating means includes a rotary shaft 3 in which a carrying passage 2 is formed in a direction of the central axis and a spiral groove 3b is formed at a predetermined position on the outer circumferential surface. Further, in the rotary shaft 3, a jet pipe 3a connecting the carrying passage 2 with the spiral groove 3b is formed.

Abstract: A apparatus for carrying spherical objects is adopted, which comprises: a housing 1; a cylindrical rotor 6 arranged in the housing, including a plurality of recess grooves 11 which are open to the outer circumferential surface, the plurality of recess grooves being arranged radially from the center of the rotor 6; a guide ring arranged in the housing, the guide ring 3 including an inner hole 5, the section of which is elliptical, in which the cylindrical rotor 6 is accommodated; a vane 12 slidably arranged in each recess groove 11; a first carrier atmosphere feeding pipe 16 connected with a converting section of the guide ring 3 in which the inner hole 5 is changed from a small diameter section to a large diameter section; a first carrier atmosphere discharging pipe 17 connected with a converting section of the guide ring 3 in which the inner hole 5 is changed from a large diameter section to a small diameter section; a second carrier atmosphere feeding pipe 18 connected with a converting section of the guide

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming color images by processing in a short period of time color photographic materials containing at least one oil-soluble coupler with a color developer which does not substantially contain benzyl alcohol, wherein a silver halide color photographic material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer on a reflective support, the emulsion layer containing a dispersion of oleophilic fine grains having a mean grain size of 0.25 .mu.m or less, which contain a coupler capable of forming a dye after having been coupled with an oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine developing agent, and at least one high boiling organic solvent having a dielectric constant of 4.00 or more (25.degree. C., 10 KHz). The photographic material is imagewise exposed and then subjected to development with a color developer which contains an aromatic primary amine developing agent but does not substantially contain benzyl alcohol for 2 minutes and 30 seconds or less.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material comprising a reflective support having provided therein a blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, a green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, a red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and plural light-insensitive layers, wherein the blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer contains a monodisperse silver halide emulsion and a yellow coupler represented by formula (I) defined below, and at least one light-insensitive layer which is positioned farther from the reflective support than the blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer is a hydrophilic colloid layer containing at least one hydrophobic compound represented by formula (II) defined below, and a relative refractive index of an organic phase containing the hydrophobic compound with the exception of a volatile organic solvent and an amphipathic solute to a hydrophilic polymer thin film which forms the light-insensitive layer is in a range from 0.9875 to 1.

Abstract: This invention provides a processing method for an exposed silver halide color photographic material, which enables cut-down of the times required for bleaching-and-fixing and for washing and yet affords a stable image excellent in color reproduction. The processing method of this invention is characterized in that the silver halide color photographic material is developed with a color developing solution substantially free of benzyl alcohol, and that the thus developed photographic material is subjected to bleaching-and-fixing for a time of not more than 70 seconds and then subjected to washing for a time of not more than 70 seconds. Another important aspect of the invention resides in the use of a magenta coupler in the processing method with a merit that a stable colored image having excellent hue is developed without the fear of formation of stains although the times for the bleaching-and-fixing and for the washing are shortened remarkedly.

Abstract: There are disclosed a multilayer silver halide color photographic material comprising two kinds of cyan couplers and a multilayer silver halide color photographic material comprising two kinds of cyan couplers, a magenta coupler, and a yellow coupler in respective photosensitive layer. The disclosure as described provides a multilayer silver halide color photographic material that is good in color-forming property, that will be less stained, and that is improved in image-lasting quality and in fastness under severe conditions.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material comprised of a support having thereon at least three kinds of silver halide emulsion layers each sensitive to radiation each having a different spectral region; at least one of said silver halide emulsion layer containing the combination of a coupler represented by formula (I), a compound represented by formula (II) and a compound represented by formula (III), and the amount of the compound represented by formula (III) being not more than 30 mol % based on the amount of the coupler represented by formula (I) or the amount of the compound represented by formula (III) being more than 30 mol % based on the amount of the coupler represented by formula (I), excluding the compounds represented by formula (III) where both substituent groups at the ortho-positions against the hydroxyl group are tert-alkyl group: ##STR1## wherein the compound is as defined in the specification; ##STR2## wherein the compound is as defined in the specification; ##STR3## wherein the compound is

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, wherein in at least one silver halide emulsion layer contains a compound represented by the following general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Z represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R.sub.101 and R.sub.102, which may be the same or different, represent each an alkyl group and at least one of R.sub.101 and R.sub.102 is a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group or an octyl group; V.sub.1, V.sub.2, V.sub.3, V.sub.4, V.sub.5, V.sub.6, V.sub.7 and V.sub.8, which may be the same or different, each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, a sulfamoyl group, a carboxyl group, a cyano group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an alkylsulfonyl group, a sulfo group or an aryl group; of V.sub.1 to V.sub.

Abstract: A method for processing silver halide photosensitive materials comprises replenishing each of replenishers to water washing process and/or stabilization process in an amount of 1 to 50 times the volume of a solution carried over from a bath preceding the water washing process and/or the stabilization process per unit area of the photosensitive material and limiting the amount of calcium compounds included in a layer for constituting photograph of the photosensitive material to not more than 25 mg/m.sup.2 on the basis of the weight of elemental calcium. The method makes it possible to effectively suppress the contamination of the processed photosensitive materials, the increase in turbidity of the water washing and/or stabilization bath solutions and the proliferation of bacteria or molds in these baths. These effects are further enhanced by reducing the amount of calcium and magnesium present in the replenishers for washing and/or stabilization.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material comprising a support having thereon a cyan coupler-containing layer, a magenta coupler-containing layer and a yellow coupler-containing layer, wherein the cyan coupler-containing layer contains a dispersion of oleophilic fine particles which is obtained by emulsifying or dispersing a solution containing (a) at least one cyan coupler represented by the general formula (I) and/or (II) described below, (b) at least one compound represented by the general formula (III) described below and (c) at least one water-insoluble and organic solvent-soluble homopolymer or copolymer, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.4 each represents a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, R.sub.3, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an aliphatic group, an aromatic group or an acylamino group, and R.sub.

Abstract: There is provided a silver halide color photographic material containing a 6-hydroxychroman derivative in combination with a specific coupler, i.e., a 5-pyrazolone type magenta coupler having an -SR group at the coupling position or a 5-pyrazolone type magenta coupler having an anilino group at the 3-position. The photosensitive material provides photographic images, quality of which is prevented from deteriorating as time passes. The photographic color images are free from discoloration or fading and do not form yellow stains on a white background.