Abstract: Above a sample (9) having magnetic domains, a distribution of magnetic force in a measurement plane (91) is obtained as a magnetic force image using a MFM, an auxiliary magnetic force image is obtained by performing measurement in a measurement plane (92) away from the measurement plane (91) by a distance d, and a difference between them is divided by the distance d to obtain a magnetic force gradient image. The magnetic force image and the auxiliary magnetic force image are Fourier transformed and substituted into a three-dimensional field obtaining equation derived from a general solution of the Laplace equation, and the three-dimensional field indicating the magnetic force is obtained. A state of the magnetic domains at the surface (93) of the sample (9) can be obtained with high accuracy by obtaining the three-dimensional field.

Abstract: Incident light 19 emitted from a laser light source 18 is reflected on an upper surface of a cantilever 13, so that reflected light 19a enters light detection means 20. Since the incident light 19 and the reflected light 19a are in a plane not including a long axis of the cantilever 13, movements of the reflected light 19a due to change in a deflection amount ? of the cantilever 13 and due to change in a fine vertical movement amount z thereof are different in direction on the light detection means 20. This enables the change in the deflection amount ? of the cantilever 13 and the change in the fine vertical movement amount z thereof to be separated from output of the light detection means 20.

Abstract: Incident light 19 emitted from a laser light source 18 is reflected on an upper surface of a cantilever 13, so that reflected light 19a enters light detection means 20. Since the incident light 19 and the reflected light 19a are in a plane not including a long axis of the cantilever 13, movements of the reflected light 19a due to change in a deflection amount ? of the cantilever 13 and due to change in a fine vertical movement amount z thereof are different in direction on the light detection means 20. This enables the change in the deflection amount ? of the cantilever 13 and the change in the fine vertical movement amount z thereof to be separated from output of the light detection means 20.

Abstract: Above the sample (9) having magnetic domains, a distribution of magnetic force in a measurement plane (91) is obtained as a magnetic force image with use of a MFM, an auxiliary magnetic force image is obtained by performing measurement in a measurement plane (92) away from the measurement plane (91) by a minute distance d, and a difference between them is divided by the minute distance d to obtain a magnetic force gradient image. The magnetic force image and the auxiliary magnetic force image are Fourier transformed and substituted into a three-dimensional field obtaining equation derived from a general solution of the Laplace equation, and the three-dimensional field indicating the magnetic force is obtained with high accuracy. A state of the magnetic domains at the surface (93) of the sample (9) can be obtained with high accuracy by obtaining the three-dimensional field.

Abstract: A burner apparatus which comprises a pilot burner including a nozzle and swirlers disposed around the nozzle, and a plurality of main burners which are arranged around the pilot burner and each of which comprises a nozzle and swirlers disposed around the nozzle; and the angle of the swirlers for the pilot burner is set larger than the angle of the swirlers for the main burner so that the angles of the two types of swirlers cross. NOx production can be considerably reduced with a very simple structure based on the present invention for combustion in boilers and gas turbines.

Abstract: A tape cassette for a magnetic recording tape having metallic magnetic recording layer is provided with a gas trapping layer which is disposed on a portion of the cassette near the path of the magnetic recording tape stretched between a pair of reels. The trapping layer has a trapping tendency which is at least equivalent to that of the magnetic recording tape. Any corrosive gas components coming into the cassette is adsorbed by and made to react with the trapping layer so as to reduce the concentration of the corrosive gas reaching the metallic magnetic recording layer, thus preventing degradation of the magnetic recording layer and ensuring that recording is conducted with high recording density.

Abstract: A stabilized polyisoprene composition comprising 100 parts by weight of polyisoprene and 0.15-3.0 parts by weight of a binary system antioxidant consisting of 50-99% by weight of a phosphite type antioxidant represented by the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are same or different aryl groups, and 50-1% by weight of a triazine derivative type antioxidant represented by the formula, ##STR2## wherein X.sub.1, X.sub.2, and X.sub.3, which may be the same or different, are selected from the group consisting of --NH--, --O--, and --S--, and R', R", and R"', which may be the same or different, represent alkyl, or alkyl-substituted or unsubstituted hydroxyphenyl groups. This binary system antioxidant exhibits a synergistic effect on the stabilization of polyisoprene against heat and oxygen.

Abstract: A passive safety belt device for a vehicle comprising a safety belt connected between the door of the vehicle and a retractor provided on the floor of the vehicle at a central portion and a belt guiding member pivotally mounted at a central portion. The belt guiding member is rotatable between a backward fastening position near the passenger's waist and a forward releasing position away from the waist. The belt guiding member is connected to the door by a cable and is biased in the backward direction by a spring. The cable passes through a knee pad provided under an instrument panel and projects from an end portion of said knee pad adjacent to an inner panel of said door and being connected to the inner panel at an outer end of the cable. Thus, when the door is opened, the belt guiding member is moved to the forward releasing position so that the safety belt may be removed from the passenger's waist.

Abstract: A passive safety belt device for a vehicle having sash-less doors and a pair of seats, comprising a retractor provided on the floor of the vehicle between the seats, a belt supporting member upwardly extending from a rear portion of the sash-less door, and a safety belt connected between the retractor and the belt supporting member. The outer end portion of the safety belt is hardened in a predetermined range by a spring steel plate enclosed by the safety belt at an outer end portion of the latter and secured to the belt supporting member at an end thereof, the belt supporting member being a hollow body comprising a superimposed pair of plates, bolts securing the hollow body to an inside panel of the door, and the spring steel plate and the superimposed pair of plates being secured with each other so as to maintain the end portion in an upright position.

Abstract: A passive safety belt device for a vehicle having sash-less doors and a pair of seats, comprising a retractor provided on the floor between the seats, a door pole upwardly extends from a rear portion of the sash-less door, and a safety belt connected between the retractor and the door pole, the latter having an engaging hole. A latch bar is provided on the center pillar of the vehicle so as to engage with the engaging hole of the door pole in the closed position of the door. When the door is closed, the safety belt extends diagonally across the passenger's body, and when the door is opened, the safety belt is positioned to permit the passenger to get in and get out of the vehicle.