Abstract: An ultraviolet irradiation apparatus for curing an ultraviolet curable coating agent applied to a substrate, by irradiating an ultraviolet light to the ultraviolet curable coating agent, which includes a low-pressure mercury lamp as a light source. According to the present invention, the problems associated with the use of an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus, whose light source is a high-pressure mercury lamp, can be solved, such as the need of a high voltage power source, degradation of quality, potential hazard to operators and the like. The present invention also provides a method of forming a cured coating film having the same properties as achieved by the use of a high-pressure mercury lamp, such as resistance to stain, adhesion to substrate and the like. This method requires a shorter time for curing of a unit area of the film as compared to the use of a high-pressure mercury lamp (100 V type).

Abstract: The present invention provides a coating composition for the surface of floor covering, by which the deterioration of surface gloss caused by walking thereon hardly occurs, colored dirty resulting from lard and process oils is minimized and the colored dirty can be easily removed by e.g. polishing, a floor surface-coated body coated therewith and a process for producing the same, as well as a composite film capable of forming a resin coating film excellent in gloss retention. The present invention relates to a coating composition applied onto the surface of floor covering. The coating composition comprises a photo-curing oligomer and a photo-initiator. The average number of functional groups per molecule of the photo-curing oligomer is 4 or more.

Abstract: A composite film for forming a resinous coating film on a surface of a to-be-coated material. The composite film has at least one water-soluble resinous coating film, at least one of which is formed on a surface of the composite film which is brought into contact with the surface of the to-be-coated material closely, and a base sheet to which the water-soluble resinous coating film adheres and transmits light therethrough. The water-soluble resinous coating film formed on the surface of the composite film which is brought into contact with the surface of the to-be-coated material closely is hardened in close contact with the to-be-coated material, with water interposed between the water-soluble resinous coating film and the to-be-coated material and adheres to the to-be-coated material to form a water-insoluble coating film. It is preferable that the application amount of the water is in a range of 1.5 g/m.sup.2 -10 g/m.sup.2.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of a pigment is disclosed. The process involves providing a surface active agent having a solubility of 0.1% or less in water at a temperature of about 25.degree. C. The agent is also soluble in an organic solvent. The agent is dispersed in water to provide an aqueous dispersion of the agent. The pigment is then dispersed in the aqueous dispersion of the agent to form the aqueous dispersion of the pigment. The dispersion causes less foaming, aggregation and sedimentation of the pigment particles when the dispersion is stored. The dispersion is particularly useful when utilizing carbon black as the pigment and applying the dispersion to the field of photographic materials. The presence of the surface active agent does not have secondary effects on photographic materials.

Abstract: A process for emulsification which comprises producing an oily phase solution of a hydrophobic material in a dissolving-emulsifying tank equipped with a high speed dispersing means by stirring the hydrophobic material directly or dissolving the hydrophobic material or a hydrophobic material and an emulsifying agent in an organic solvent with heating, forming a water-in-oil emulsion by adding water or water and an emulsifying agent to said solution of the hydrophobic material with stirring, continuing the addition of water or water and the emulsifying agent to form an oil-in-water emulsion by phase inversion, adding a water-soluble binder to said oil-in-water emulsion and stirring the emulsion to form the desired oil-in-water emulsion.