Abstract: The invention provides a light emitting device which can improve image quality by reducing outside lights reflection or reflection of outside scenes. The light emitting device has a resonator structure which resonates lights generated in a light emitting layer between a first end and a second end to extract these lights from the second end side. Respective strengths and phases of reflected lights of an outside light on the first end side and the second end side, are adjusted so that reflectance of the outside light in a resonant wavelength which is incident from the second end side becomes 20% or less. Specifically, construction is made so that their strengths are almost the same, and their phases are approximately inverted. The strengths of the reflected lights are adjusted by materials and thicknesses of a first electrode and a second electrode. The phases of the reflected lights are adjusted by an optical distance between the first end and the second end.

Abstract: The invention provides a display unit which can improve emission efficiency of lights for image display, and assure luminance of display images. The display unit comprises micro prisms which are arranged in the positions corresponding to organic EL devices, and which have a high refraction index to refract a light, and auxiliary prisms with a low refraction index which are embedded in voids between each micro prism. A light volume of the light viewed as an image in the direction facing an organic EL display (facing direction) is a total of a light volume of a light essentially emitted from the organic EL device in the facing direction, and lights which are directed in the facing direction by utilizing refraction phenomenon based on differences of refraction index between the micro prism and the auxiliary prism. Compared to the case wherein the micro prisms and the auxiliary prisms are not provided, an emission volume of the light in the facing direction is increased by the light volumes of the lights.

Abstract: Provided are a display device and a display unit having higher light extraction efficiency. An optical distance L1 between a maximum light-emitting position of a light-emitting layer and a first end portion satisfies L1=tL1+a1 and (2tL1)/&lgr;=−&PHgr;1/(2&pgr;)+m1. An optical distance L2 between the maximum light-emitting position and a second end portion satisfies L2=tL2+a2 and (2tL2)/&lgr;=−&PHgr;2/(2&pgr;)+m2.

Abstract: An optical device used as an image panel which is allowed to be arranged together with the adjacent one on a display without a gap put therebetween and which is improved to form a stacked body including organic layers without damaging the surface of an already-formed organic layer by a vapor-deposition mask, and to provide a method of manufacturing the optical device. Metal bumps are provided on stripes of transparent electrodes arranged on a glass substrate in such a manner as to be located in non-optical operation regions, and are led on the back surface of the organic EL device. The metal bumps function as spacers upon vapor-deposition of the organic layer or the like, to prevent the contact of a vapor-deposition mask with an already-formed film surface, and are led on the back surface of the organic EL device together with metal electrodes and are connected to an electronic part mounted on the back surface side of the organic EL device.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device has a single hetero structure comprising, on a glass substrate, an ITO transparent electrode, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer and a metal electrode superposed in this. order wherein a hole-blocking layer containing a bathophenanthroline derivative of the following general formula is interposed between the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer. In this way, the electron-hole-re-combination in the hole transporting luminescent layer can be promoted.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical device used as an image panel which is allowed to be arranged together with the adjacent one on a display without a gap put therebetween and which is improved to form a stacked body including organic layers without damaging the surface of an already-formed organic layer by a vapor-deposition mask, and to provide a method of manufacturing the optical device. Metal bumps are provided on stripes of transparent electrodes arranged on a glass substrate in such a manner as to be located in non-optical operation regions, and are led on the back surface of the organic EL device. The metal bumps function as spacers upon vapor-deposition of the organic layer or the like, to prevent the contact of a vapor-deposition mask with an already-formed film surface, and are led on the back surface of the organic EL device together with metal electrodes and are connected to an electronic part mounted on the back surface side of the organic EL device.

Abstract: An optical device used as an image panel which is allowed to be arranged together with the adjacent one on a display without a gap put therebetween and which is improved to form a stacked body including organic layers without damaging the surface of an already-formed organic layer by a vapor-deposition mask, and a method of manufacturing the optical device. Metal bumps are provided on stripes of transparent electrodes arranged on a glass substrate in such a manner as to be located in non-optical operation regions, and are led on the back surface of the organic EL device. The metal bumps function as spacers upon vapor-deposition of the organic layer or the like, to prevent the contact of a vapor-deposition mask with an already-formed film surface, and are led on the back surface of the organic EL device together with metal electrodes and are connected to an electronic part mounted on the back surface side of the organic EL device.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic thin film EL which can reduce a non-display area when using a plurality of display panels as a single screen, and can prevent a generation of migration. In a flat display device (50) laminating a display material and electrodes (52) and (57), a driver circuit connected to these electrodes (52) and (57) is arranged inside a sealing member (30) covering a back surface of the flat display device (50), and wirings (31) and (70) for connecting a power supply circuit and a signal supply circuit to the driver circuit are led from the inside of the sealing member (30) to the back side of the flat display device (50).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a video display and a manufacturing method therefor, more particularly, there is provided a video display including a display panel having a plurality of anodes and cathodes arranged orthogonally to each other so as to form grids, a printed wiring board having a drive circuit with wirings for driving the display panel and a plurality of bumps for electrically connecting the wirings of the drive circuit to the anodes and the cathodes, and an adhesive layer for bonding the display panel and the printed wiring board to form a multilevel structure. With this structure, a large-sized video image with no discontinuities can be displayed, and the thickness of the video display can also be reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical device used as an image panel which is allowed to be arranged together with the adjacent one on a display without a gap put therebetween and which is improved to form a stacked body including organic layers without damaging the surface of an already-formed organic layer by a vapor-deposition mask, and to provide a method of manufacturing the optical device. Metal bumps are provided on stripes of transparent electrodes arranged on a glass substrate in such a manner as to be located in non-optical operation regions, and are led on the back surface of the organic EL device. The metal bumps function as spacers upon vapor-deposition of the organic layer or the like, to prevent the contact of a vapor-deposition mask with an already-formed film surface, and are led on the back surface of the organic EL device together with metal electrodes and are connected to an electronic part mounted on the back surface side of the organic EL device.

Abstract: A luminescent device (for example an autoluminescent flat display and particularly an organic electroluminescent device or display using an organic thin film as an electroluminescent layer) having a plurality of luminescing units (pixels PX) each selectively made to luminesce by a current is provided with a control part (current control circuit part 40) for accurately controlling the brightness of the luminescing units by controlling the current flowing through each luminescing unit on the basis of a brightness signal from outside, which is preferably supplied as pre-programmed memory information. As a result, it is possible to realize distinct luminescing (image display) at all times even with a passive matrix type pixel structure.

Abstract: A luminescent device (for example an autoluminescent flat display and particularly an organic electroluminescent device or display using an organic thin film as an electroluminescent layer) having a plurality of luminescing units (pixels PX) each selectively made to luminesce by a current is provided with a control part (current control circuit part 40) for accurately controlling the brightness of the luminescing units by controlling the current flowing through each luminescing unit on the basis of a brightness signal from outside, which is preferably supplied as pre-programmed memory information. As a result, it is possible to realize distinct luminescing (image display) at all times even with a passive matrix type pixel structure.

Abstract: A novel bi-nuclear metal complex with greater luminescence and higher electron transfer potency and an optical device such as organic EL devices using therein the metal complex, are provided, together with a method for producing the novel complex at a higher efficiency. The complex containing specific ligands is represented by the following general formula:General formula ?I!:M.sub.2 (L.sup.l -O).sub.m (L.sup.2 -0).sub.n (L.sup.3 -0).sub.3-m-n Xp(wherein M represents a divalent metal atom or Zn; L.sup.1, L.sup.2 and L.sup.3 are ligands, individually different from each other;X represents an anion;"m" and "n" represent independently an integer of 0 to 3; and"p" represents an integer of 0 to 4.).

Abstract: An ink sheet (3) is wound around rollers (6), and a recording sheet (4) is placed with a space (d) between the ink sheet (3) and the recording sheet (4) and is advanced. The thickness of the space (d) is a value in the range of 1 to 100 .mu.m. The ink sheet (3) is irradiated with a laser beam (L) emitted by a laser (5) to transfer the dye contained in a dye layer formed on the ink sheet (3) from the ink sheet (3) to the recording sheet (4) for printing. The dye layer of the ink sheet (3) is replenished with the dye (30, 30A) heated and fused by a heater (9) by a dye supply unit (7) at a position other than a position where the ink sheet (3) is irradiated with the laser beam (L). Since the ink sheet and the recording sheet are held with the space (d) having a thickness in the range of 1 to 100 .mu.m, the dye once transferred to the recording sheet is not transferred from the recording sheet to the ink sheet, so that a clear picture having a comparatively high density can be printed.

Abstract: An optical recording medium has a transparent substrate with a recorded pattern formed thereon and a saturable absorption dye containing layer disposed on the recorded pattern and containing at least a saturable absorption dye. The saturable absorption dye has a molecular extinction coefficient .epsilon. of 10.sup.4 or greater at the wavelength of reproducing light, and a relaxation time .tau. in the range of 1 ns.ltoreq..tau..ltoreq. 100 ns. A reflecting layer having a reflectivity of 70% or higher on an air boundary thereof may be disposed on the saturable absorption dye containing layer. The saturable absorption dye containing layer may have such a thickness that substantially minimizes the intensity of reflected light due to interference with respect to the intensity of the reproducing light. The saturable absorption dye may comprise a naphthalocyanine-based dye.

Abstract: A tape-shaped optical recording medium, in which a recording layer capable of optically recording or reproducing information signals is formed on a flexible base, is disclosed. A protective film formed of a soluble high polymer having a contact angle with respect to water of not less than 100.degree. C. and a glass transition temperature of not lower than 100.degree. C. is formed on the recording layer. The soluble high polymer may be a fluorine-based polymer, such as a tetrafluoroethylene-dioxole copolymer. The protective film has a film thickness in a range of from 0.25 .lambda./n to 0.5 .lambda./n, where .lambda. is a wavelength of a playback light and n is a refractive index of the protective film.

Abstract: A wavelength multiplexed optical recording material is disclosed wherein a photosensitive material including substituted porphine, such as tetra(pentafluorophenyl) porphine or tetra(4-methoxyphenyl) porphine, is uniformly dispersed into an optically transparent dispersion medium. When such wavelength multiplexed optical recording material is cooled to a temperature of liquid helium and irradiated with a laser beam, a large number of holes of narrow width are formed in an inhomogenous absorption band under the phenomenon of photochemical hole burning. As compared to unsubstituted porphine, the above porphine derivatives give an improved recording sensitivity and narrow hole width.

Abstract: A wavelength multiplexed optical recording material is disclosed wherein a photosensitive material including substituted porphine, such as tetra(pentafluorophenyl) porphine or tetra(4-methoxyphenyl) porphine, is uniformly dispersed into an optically transparent dispersion medium. When such wavelength multiplexed optical recording material is cooled to a temperature of liquid helium and irradiated with a laser beam, a large number of holes of narrow width are formed in an inhomogenous absorption band under the phenomenon of photochemical hole burning. As compared to unsubstituted porphine, the above porphine derivatives give an improved recording sensitivity and narrow hole width.

Abstract: An optical recording medium is disclosed, in which an optical recording layer and a reflective layer are formed on a transparent substrate. The recording layer contains a first compound having absorption or a recording laser light having a predetermined wavelength, and a second compound having substantially no absorption for a laser light having the predetermined wavelength and decomposable upon heat generation by the laser light in the optical recording layer.

Abstract: An optical recording medium including a substrate and a photosensitive layer thereon, the photosensitive layer containing as its major ingredients, the combination of a polymeric binder resin and an indolinospirobenzothiopyran compound represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxymethyl group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms in the alkoxy group, a hydroxymethyl group or an alkylaminomethyl group containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. The optical recording medium has a colored image which is very stable against heat and visible light.