Abstract: A lining apparatus provided with a foldable spray pipe comprising an elevatable vertical support strut supported by a frame, a bifurcated support strut having the upper end thereof connected to the lower end of the elevatable vertical support strut, the bifurcated strut comprising a pair of parallely extending strut elements which define an arm storing space therebetween opening at both sides, a pipe supporting arm foldably connected to the lower end of the bifurcated strut and encasing a spray pipe therein and a protective path formed in each strut element of the bifurcated strut allowing a plurality of lines including a material supply line to pass therethrough.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hot-gunning method for repairing converters which comprises the step of:gunning a composition onto the lining of the converter, the composition including,(a) 8-15% by weight water;(b) 20-40% by weight of pellets prepared by mixing 40-60% by weight of magnesia clinker powder containing more than 75% by weight of MgO and having a particle size of less than 1 mm with 60-40% by weight of molten tar and dropping the resulting mixture into water or cooled air; and(c) the substantial balance of said composition being a refractory material selected from the group consisting of magnesia clinker, dolomite clinker, chrome ore and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An oxygen top-blowing steelmaking process is disclosed, which comprises preparing a molten metal suitable for producing steel in a basic oxygen furnace, carrying out the top-blowing and bottom-blowing and then tapping the resulting molten steel. The bottom-blowing is carried out at least partly during the period of time from beginning of blowing to the tapping of the melt and a powder of a slag-forming agent, such as quick lime, limestone, is introduced into the molten metal together with the top-blowing of oxygen jet injected through an oxygen lance so as to form an effective slag at an early stage of refining.