Abstract: An arithmetic model generation system includes a tire information acquisition unit, a position information acquisition unit, a wear amount calculator, and an arithmetic model update unit. The tire information acquisition unit acquires tire data including a temperature and pressure of a tire. The position information acquisition unit acquires position data for a vehicle on which the tire is mounted. The wear amount calculator includes an arithmetic model that generates an estimated wear amount of at least one groove of the tire, the wear amount calculator calculating the estimated wear amount of at least one groove of the tire by using the arithmetic model by inputting the tire data and the position data. The arithmetic model update unit updates the arithmetic model based on a wear amount measured by a tire measurement device external to the vehicle and the estimated wear amount.

Abstract: An arithmetic model generation system includes a tire information acquisition unit, a position information acquisition unit, a wear amount calculator, and an arithmetic model update unit. The tire information acquisition unit acquires tire data including a temperature and pressure of a tire. The position information acquisition unit acquires position data for a vehicle on which the tire is mounted. The wear amount calculator includes an arithmetic model that generates an estimated wear amount of at least one groove of the tire, the wear amount calculator calculating the estimated wear amount of at least one groove of the tire by using the arithmetic model by inputting the tire data and the position data. The arithmetic model update unit updates the arithmetic model based on a wear amount measured by a tire measurement device external to the vehicle and the estimated wear amount.

Abstract: Attention is paid to a relationship between the structure and characteristics of an artificial soil particle, which has so far been little studied, and a novel artificial soil particle having great potential to achieve various advantages, and a technique of producing such an artificial soil particle, are provided. An artificial soil particle (10) includes a plurality of fillers (1) having a small hole (2). The fillers bond with each other through a binder (5). The artificial soil particle (10) has a self-organized structure formed by competition between the fillers (1) and the binder (5). The self-organized structure is a three-dimensional network structure in which the fillers (1) bond with each other in a three-dimensional or a lamella structure in which the fillers (1) are aligned in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: In an artificial soil medium including a collection of artificial soil particles, provided is a technique of allowing an appropriate nutrient(s) to be released during each growth stage of plant to be grown, or highly controlling the amount of a nutrient(s), depending on a plant to be grown. An artificial soil medium 100 includes a plurality of artificial soil particles 50 configured to release a nutrient. The plurality of artificial soil particles 50 include a plurality of types of artificial soil particles 50 configured to release different nutrients during different stages of a plant cultivation period. The plurality of types of artificial soil particles 50 are configured to release a nutrient in response to a change in an external environment.

Abstract: A polishing pad having a polishing layer comprising a thermoset polyurethane foam, wherein the thermoset polyurethane foam contains, as raw material components, an isocyanate component, and active-hydrogen-containing compounds, and the active-hydrogen-containing compounds comprise one or more polyol compounds (each) having two or more functional groups, and a monool compound having one functional group.

Abstract: An artificial soil aggregate which is an aggregate of artificial soil particles is provided. When an artificial soil is formed by filling a container, such as a planter, etc., with the artificial soil aggregates, the volumetric moisture content rate and gas phase fraction of the artificial soil can be improved, and can also be maintained over a long period of time. The artificial soil aggregate is an aggregate of artificial soil particles in which a plurality of fillers having a small hole ranging from the subnanometer to the submicrometer scale are clustered together. A communication hole ranging from the submicrometer to the submillimeter scale is formed between the fillers. The artificial soil aggregate has a volumetric moisture content rate of 10 to 40% at a pF ranging from 1.7 to 2.3, and a gas phase fraction of 20 to 80% at a pF of 1.5.

Abstract: Provided is a technique of continuously supplying moisture to a plant to be grown over a long period of time or highly controlling the amount of moisture supplied to a plant to be grown, depending on the plant, in an artificial soil medium including a collection of artificial soil particles. An artificial soil medium 100 includes a plurality of artificial soil particles 50 including a base 10 capable of absorbing and releasing moisture. The plurality of artificial soil particles 50 include a plurality of types of artificial soil particles having different moisture absorption and release characteristics indicating a state in which the base 10 absorbs moisture or a state in which the base 10 releases moisture. The plurality of types of artificial soil particles are configured to allow moisture to move between the different types of artificial soil particles 50.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a polishing pad that achieves a high polishing rate and has high thickness precision so that the break-in time (dummy polishing time) can be shortened, and to provide a method for producing same. The invention is directed to a polishing pad including a base material layer and a polishing layer provided on the base material layer, wherein the polishing layer includes a thermoset polyurethane foam having roughly spherical interconnected cells with an average cell diameter of 35 to 200 ?m, and the polishing layer has a storage modulus E? (40° C.) of 130 to 400 MPa at 40° C., a ratio of storage modulus E? (30° C.) at 30° C. to storage modulus E? (60° C.) at 60° C. [E?(30° C.)/E?(60° C.)] of 1 to less than 2.5, and a ratio of storage modulus E? (30° C.) at 30° C. to storage modulus E? (90° C.) at 90° C. [E?(30° C.)/E?(90° C.)] of 15 to 130.

Abstract: A high-quality and easy-to-handle artificial soil particle is provided which can exhibit well-balanced basic soil functions. In the artificial soil particle 10, a plurality of fillers 1 having a small hole 2 ranging from the subnanometer to the submicrometer scale are clustered together. A communication hole 3 ranging from the submicrometer to the submillimeter scale is formed between the fillers 1. The small holes 2 are distributed and arranged around the communication hole 3 so that the communication hole 3 is allowed to take in water W and nutrients K, N, and P from the outside and the small holes 2 are allowed to receive the nutrients K, N, and P from the communication hole 3. The fillers 1 are joined together into a three-dimensional network so that the total volume of the communication holes 3 is greater than the total volume of the small holes 2.

Abstract: The present invention provides as alternatives to natural soil (1) a plant growable artificial soil only by supplying water (such as tap-water), which has excellent fertilizer retainability by comprising a granulated material of fertilizer retainable fillers, and a method of making the artificial soil; (2) an artificial soil, which only specified fertilizer components are adsorbed by using a material having high fertilizer retainability; and (3) a granulated plant growing material having excellent fertilizer retainability so as to have both high cation exchange capacity and anion exchange capacity, excellent water retaining capacity with respect to water, which can be easily absorbed by the plants, and excellent breathability so as to return to high breathable state in a short time even if retaining water until reaching a saturated state.

Abstract: A polishing pad having a polishing layer comprising a thermoset polyurethane foam, wherein about the thermoset polyurethane foam, the Asker C hardness value thereof is 82 or less as a 60-second value, the hardness value being a value after the foam is immersed in water for 24 hours, and further the value of the tensile storage modulus E? (30° C.) thereof at a frequency of 1.6 Hz satisfies the following expression (1): Y<5X?150??(1) wherein Y represents the tensile storage modulus E? (MPa), and X represents the Asker C hardness value (60-second value) after the foam is immersed in water for 24 hours.

Abstract: A polishing pad having a polishing layer comprising a thermoset polyurethane foam, wherein about the thermoset polyurethane foam, the Asker C hardness value thereof is 82 or less as a 60-second value, the hardness value being a value after the foam is immersed in water for 24 hours, and further the value of the tensile storage modulus E? (30° C.) thereof at a frequency of 1.6 Hz satisfies the following expression (1): Y<5X?150??(1) wherein Y represents the tensile storage modulus E? (MPa), and X represents the Asker C hardness value (60-second value) after the foam is immersed in water for 24 hours.

Abstract: A polishing pad having a polishing layer comprising a thermoset polyurethane foam, wherein the thermoset polyurethane foam contains, as raw material components, an isocyanate component, and active-hydrogen-containing compounds, and the active-hydrogen-containing compounds comprise one or more polyol compounds (each) having two or more functional groups, and a monool compound having one functional group.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a polishing pad that achieves a high polishing rate and has high thickness precision so that the break-in time (dummy polishing time) can be shortened, and to provide a method for producing same. The invention is directed to a polishing pad including a base material layer and a polishing layer provided on the base material layer, wherein the polishing layer includes a thermoset polyurethane foam having roughly spherical interconnected cells with an average cell diameter of 35 to 200 ?m, and the polishing layer has a storage modulus E? (40° C.) of 130 to 400 MPa at 40° C., a ratio of storage modulus E? (30° C.) at 30° C. to storage modulus E? (60° C.) at 60° C. [E?(30° C.)/E?(60° C.)] of 1 to less than 2.5, and a ratio of storage modulus E? (30° C.) at 30° C. to storage modulus E? (90° C.) at 90° C. [E?(30° C.)/E?(90° C.)] of 15 to 130.