Abstract: A total heat exchanging element paper for use in a total heat exchanger, comprising a substrate sheet containing natural pulp, having excellent strength and gas barrier properties, and characterized in that the substrate sheet contains natural pulp having a length-weighted average fiber length of 0.7 to 1.7 mm, the natural pulp has a maximum frequency peak between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm in the fiber length histogram, and the percentage of fibers having a fiber length of 1.0 mm or more is 20% or more.

Abstract: To obtain an imaging unit, a lens barrel, and a portable terminal which can effectively suppress spring-back of solid-state imaging elements, while facilitating height lowering thereof. An imaging unit includes: a solid-state imaging element; and an imaging lens for forming a subject image on a photoelectric conversion part of the solid-state imaging element. An imaging surface of the solid-state imaging element is curved in a manner that a peripheral side is inclined toward an object side relative to a screen center. The imaging lens constrains the solid-state imaging element to prevent a radius of curvature of the imaging surface from varying. Thus, field curvature, distortion aberration, and comatic aberration are appropriately corrected.

Abstract: To obtain an imaging unit, a lens barrel, and a portable terminal which can effectively suppress spring-back of solid-state imaging elements, while facilitating height lowering thereof. An imaging unit includes: a solid-state imaging element; and an imaging lens for forming a subject image on a photoelectric conversion part of the solid-state imaging element. An imaging surface of the solid-state imaging element is curved in a manner that a peripheral side is inclined toward an object side relative to a screen center. The imaging lens constrains the solid-state imaging element to prevent a radius of curvature of the imaging surface from varying. Thus, field curvature, distortion aberration, and comatic aberration are appropriately corrected.

Abstract: The invention comprises methods for manipulating floating point numbers on a microprocessor where the numbers are sortable. That is, the numbers obey lexicographical ordering. Hence, the numbers may be quickly compared using bit-wise comparison functions such as memcmp( ). Conversion may result in a sortable floating point number in the form of a sign, leading bits of the exponent, and sets of digit triples in the form of declets (sets of 10 bits). In a variable-length version, numbers may be compressed by storing the number of trailing zero declets in lieu of storing the zero declets themselves.

Abstract: Disclosed is a film mirror used for reflection of sunlight, which includes, in the following order from the side where sunlight is entered, an ultraviolet ray reflection film which reflects ultraviolet ray and transmits visible and infrared light, a plastic film layer, a metal reflection-layer which reflects visible and infrared light, and a protective layer.

Abstract: An optical element for reflecting solar light has excellent weather resistance, and furthermore, a high reflectance in a wide band. When solar light enters an optical element (OE), light (L1) in a short wavelength band among the solar light is reflected by a dielectric multilayer film (DF). Other light (L2) in longer wavelength bands are passed through the dielectric multilayer film (DF), then a base material (SS), and reflected by a metal deposition film (MV) to pass through the base material (SS) and the dielectric multilayer film (DF). Thus, high reflectance in a wide band is ensured.

Abstract: The invention comprises methods for manipulating floating point numbers on a microprocessor where the numbers are sortable. That is, the numbers obey lexicographical ordering. Hence, the numbers may be quickly compared using bit-wise comparison functions such as memcmp( ). Conversion may result in a sortable floating point number in the form of a sign, leading bits of the exponent, and sets of digit triples in the form of declets (sets of 10 bits). In a variable-length version, numbers may be compressed by storing the number of trailing zero declets in lieu of storing the zero declets themselves.

Abstract: Provided is a highly reliable solar collecting system. Since a concave minor has a reflection film on a base material on the side opposite to the side of a solar light incoming surface, peeling, breaking and the like are suppressed by protecting the reflection film by the base material, even when a dropping material is brought into contact with the side of the reflection film with impact or accumulated dropped materials are periodically cleaned. As an elliptical mirror has a reflection film on the base material on the side of the solar light incoming surface, even when solar light having large energy enters, the solar light is reflected by the reflection surface before reaching the base material and there is a small possibility of having the base material heated.

Abstract: To provide a mirror structure capable of reflecting incident light with good efficiency and is excellent in reliability. In a mirror structure which is used under an environment that the maximum irradiance of incident light is 5 kW/m2 or more and has an area of 0.2 m2 or more, the mirror structure is characterized in that the mirror comprises a mirror, a supporting member and a resin-made adhesive sheet to glue the mirror to the supporting member, and is structured such that a dielectric multilayer is formed at least on an incident light side surface of a plate-shaped substrate and the mirror has an average reflectance ratio 95% or more for incident light having a wavelength in a range of 400 to 1000 nm.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus includes: a first light source for emitting a first light flux; a second light source for emitting a second light flux; a third light source for emitting a third light flux; and an objective optical unit having a first optical path difference providing structure and a second optical path difference providing structure. Magnifications of the objective optical unit for the first-third light fluxes have almost same value. The first optical path difference providing structure provides a predefined optical path difference and changes a spherical aberration to be one of under-correction and over-correction for all of the first light flux, the second light flux, and the third light flux. The second optical path difference providing structure provides a predefined optical path difference and changes a spherical aberration to be the other of under-correction and over-correction of the spherical aberration only for the second light flux.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus according to the present invention includes: a first light source for emitting a first light flux; a second light source for emitting a second light flux; a third light source for emitting a third light flux; and an objective optical element. The objective optical element has an optical surface including at least two areas provided with optical path difference providing structures. The objective optical element converges the first to third light fluxes each passing through the predetermined areas on the objective optical element onto respective information recording surfaces of the first to third optical disks. The optical pickup apparatus provides a wavelength dependency of a spherical aberration so as to correct a change in a spherical aberration due to a refractive index change with a temperature change of the objective optical element.

Abstract: An optical system for use in an optical pickup apparatus comprises a first optical surface having a superposition type diffractive structure including a plurality of ring-shaped zones which are formed concentrically around an optical axis, wherein each ring-shaped zone is composed of a plurality of stepped sections stepwise, and a second optical surface having a diffractive structure including a plurality of ring-shaped zones which are formed concentrically around an optical axis, wherein each of the plurality of ring-shaped zones are divided by a stepped section to generate a diffractive light ray of diffractive order whose absolute value is not small than 1 for the light flux.

Abstract: An optical system for use in an optical pickup apparatus comprises a first optical surface having a superposition type diffractive structure including a plurality of ring-shaped zones which are formed concentrically around an optical axis, wherein each ring-shaped zone is composed of a plurality of stepped sections stepwise, and a second optical surface having a diffractive structure including a plurality of ring-shaped zones which are formed concentrically around an optical axis, wherein each of the plurality of ring-shaped zones are divided by a stepped section to generate a diffractive light ray of diffractive order whose absolute value is not small than 1 for the light flux.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus according to the present invention includes: a first light source for emitting a first light flux; a second light source for emitting a second light flux; a third light source for emitting a third light flux; and an objective optical element. The objective optical element has an optical surface including at least two areas provided with optical path difference providing structures. The objective optical element converges the first to third light fluxes each passing through the predetermined areas on the objective optical element onto respective information recording surfaces of the first to third optical disks. The optical pickup apparatus provides a wavelength dependency of a spherical aberration so as to correct a change in a spherical aberration due to a refractive index change with a temperature change of the objective optical element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical element for use in an optical pickup apparatus and an optical pickup apparatus. An optical element is provided for use in an optical pickup apparatus which records or reproduces information by converging a light flux from a light source onto an information recording surface of an optical disc and by receiving a light flux reflected by the information recording surface by a photodetector. The optical element includes: a first area including an optical axis of the optical element; and a second area surrounding the first area and including a diffractive structure in a radial shape. The first area transmits a light flux from the light source, and the second area diffracts a light flux with the predetermined wavelength from the light source.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus according to the present invention includes: a first light source for emitting a first light flux; a second light source for emitting a second light flux; a third light source for emitting-a third light flux; and an objective optical element. The objective optical element has an optical surface including at least two areas provided with optical path difference providing structures. The objective optical element converges the first to third light fluxes each passing through the predetermined areas on the objective optical element onto respective information recording surfaces of the first to third optical disks. The optical pickup apparatus provides a wavelength dependency of a spherical aberration so as to correct a change in a spherical aberration due to a refractive index change with a temperature change of the objective optical element.

Abstract: An optical system for use in an optical pickup apparatus comprises a first optical surface having a superposition type diffractive structure including a plurality of ring-shaped zones which are formed concentrically around an optical axis, wherein each ring-shaped zone is composed of a plurality of stepped sections stepwise, and a second optical surface having a diffractive structure including a plurality of ring-shaped zones which are formed concentrically around an optical axis, wherein each of the plurality of ring-shaped zones are divided by a stepped section to generate a diffractive light ray of diffractive order whose absolute value is not small than 1 for the light flux.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, for identifying a language corresponding to a string of data include receiving a data string and dividing the data string into coded character sequences for each of a plurality of languages. A length of one or more coded character sequences varies among different languages for coded character sequences having a particular number of characters. The coded character sequences are analyzed to calculate, for each of the plurality of languages, a probability that the data string corresponds to language. The calculated probabilities are compared among the languages, and a language is identified as corresponding to the data string based on the comparison.

Abstract: The invention comprises methods for manipulating floating point numbers on a microprocessor where the numbers are sortable. That is, the numbers obey lexicographical ordering. Hence, the numbers may be quickly compared using bit-wise comparison functions such as memcmp( ). Conversion may result in a sortable floating point number in the form of a sign, leading bits of the exponent, and sets of digit triples in the form of declets (sets of 10 bits). In a variable-length version, numbers may be compressed by storing the number of trailing zero declets in lieu of storing the zero declets themselves.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus according to the present invention includes: a first light source for emitting a first light flux; a second light source for emitting a second light flux; a third light source for emitting a third light flux; and an objective optical element. The objective optical element has an optical surface including at least two areas provided with optical path difference providing structures. The objective optical element converges the first to third light fluxes each passing through the predetermined areas on the objective optical element onto respective information recording surfaces of the first to third optical disks. The optical pickup apparatus provides a wavelength dependency of a spherical aberration so as to correct a change in a spherical aberration due to a refractive index change with a temperature change of the objective optical element.