Abstract: A charge point notification system includes a center device and an in-vehicle device disposed in an electric vehicle. The system provides a notification regarding a charge point based on a comparison between a required energy for traveling to a nearby charge point from a node that is close to the nearby charge point, and a remaining energy of the electric vehicle. The system does not generate a notification when the remaining energy is greater than the required energy by an amount greater than a first threshold. The system generates the notification, which is to be provided to the user via the in-vehicle device, when the remaining energy is greater than the required energy by an amount that is in between the first threshold and a second threshold, which is less than the first threshold, and when the nearby charge point exists within a first distance range from the electric vehicle.

Abstract: A charge point reachability determination system includes a center device and an in-vehicle device disposed in an electric vehicle. The center device includes road map information that has node information regarding a node. The node information includes a required energy of the electric vehicle for reaching a nearby charge point from the node when the node has at least one nearby charge point. The in-vehicle device generates vehicle information regarding the electric vehicle. When the electric vehicle is positioned close to the node that has the nearby charge point, the system determines, based on the node and vehicle information, the required energy for reaching the node. The system further determines whether the nearby charge point is reachable by the electric vehicle based on a comparison of the required energy determined and a remaining energy of the electric vehicle.

Abstract: A charge point reachability determination system includes a center device and an in-vehicle device disposed in an electric vehicle. The center device includes road map information that has node information regarding a node. The node information includes a required energy of the electric vehicle for reaching a nearby charge point from the node when the node has at least one nearby charge point. The in-vehicle device generates vehicle information regarding the electric vehicle. When the electric vehicle is positioned close to the node that has the nearby charge point, the system determines, based on the node and vehicle information, the required energy for reaching the node. The system further determines whether the nearby charge point is reachable by the electric vehicle based on a comparison of the required energy determined and a remaining energy of the electric vehicle.

Abstract: A charge point notification system includes a center device and an in-vehicle device disposed in an electric vehicle. The system provides a notification regarding a charge point based on a comparison between a required energy for traveling to a nearby charge point from a node that is close to the nearby charge point, and a remaining energy of the electric vehicle. The system does not generate a notification when the remaining energy is greater than the required energy by an amount greater than a first threshold. The system generates the notification, which is to be provided to the user via the in-vehicle device, when the remaining energy is greater than the required energy by an amount that is in between the first threshold and a second threshold, which is less than the first threshold, and when the nearby charge point exists within a first distance range from the electric vehicle.

Abstract: An image signal output device includes a code generating means for generating a two-dimensional geometrical code based on a source data, a obtaining means for retrieving a sequential image signal, a code inserting means for inserting the two-dimensional geometrical code in the sequential image signal and a output means for outputting the sequential image signal. The code inserting means imperceptibly inserts the two-dimensional geometrical code in the sequential image signal, and the output means outputs the sequential image signal having the two-dimensional geometrical code inserted therein. The imperceptible two-dimensional geometrical code is captured by a camera in a cell phone to be decoded and stored in a memory medium.

Abstract: An image signal output device includes a code generating means for generating a two-dimensional geometrical code based on a source data, a obtaining means for retrieving a sequential image signal, a code inserting means for inserting the two-dimensional geometrical code in the sequential image signal and a output means for outputting the sequential image signal. The code inserting means imperceptibly inserts the two-dimensional geometrical code in the sequential image signal, and the output means outputs the sequential image signal having the two-dimensional geometrical code inserted therein. The imperceptible two-dimensional geometrical code is captured by a camera in a cell phone to be decoded and stored in a memory medium.

Abstract: An image signal output device includes a code generating means for generating a two-dimensional geometrical code based on a source data, a obtaining means for retrieving a sequential image signal, a code inserting means for inserting the two-dimensional geometrical code in the sequential image signal and a output means for outputting the sequential image signal. The code inserting means imperceptibly inserts the two-dimensional geometrical code in the sequential image signal, and the output means outputs the sequential image signal having the two-dimensional geometrical code inserted therein. The imperceptible two-dimensional geometrical code is captured by a camera in a cell phone to be decoded and stored in a memory medium.

Abstract: An image signal output device includes a code generating means for generating a two-dimensional geometrical code based on a source data, a obtaining means for retrieving a sequential image signal, a code inserting means for inserting the two-dimensional geometrical code in the sequential image signal and a output means for outputting the sequential image signal. The code inserting means imperceptibly inserts the two-dimensional geometrical code in the sequential image signal, and the output means outputs the sequential image signal having the two-dimensional geometrical code inserted therein. The imperceptible two-dimensional geometrical code is captured by a camera in a cell phone to be decoded and stored in a memory medium.

Abstract: In a tire air pressure estimating apparatus, wheel speeds of respective wheels are successively calculated when a vehicle is running. At least one of a tire resonance frequency and a tire spring constant is extracted from vibration frequency components included in a wheel speed signal with respect to each of tires. Tire air pressures of drive wheels are estimated based on the extracted tire resonance frequencies or the tire spring constants. Rotational state values (e.g. wheel speed values) of driven wheel tires are calculated based on the detected wheel speeds. Tire air pressures of driven wheels are estimated based on a deviation of the rotational state values of the driven wheel tires.

Abstract: An antiskid brake system for an automotive vehicle is provided which includes a parameter determining circuit and a braking condition determining circuit. The parameter determining circuit determines a parameter reflecting on brake torque applied to a wheel of the vehicle. The braking condition determining circuit compares the phase of a change in speed of the wheel with the phase of a change in the parameter to determine a phase delay of the change in speed of the wheel and determines the braking condition based on the phase delay, thereby allowing a wheel skid used in the antiskid brake control precisely without employing parameters such as vehicle speed and wheel speed as employed in conventional antiskid brake systems.

Abstract: To estimate the readiness of overturn of vehicle accurately at quick timing corresponding to the behavior of an actual vehicle, at first, a roll angle &phgr;0 and a roll rate &phgr;0′ which indicate an actual tendency of overturn of a running vehicle are measured (calculated). Then, the maximum amplitude A (estimation value) is calculated based on an operational expression for estimating the maximum amplitude A of the behavior estimation value &phgr; (t) of the roll angle &phgr; before damp derived from the following physical model describing the vehicle behavior based on the roll angle &phgr; indicating the overturn tendency of the running vehicle and the estimation value A is set as the overturn parameter X which indicates the readiness of overturn of the vehicle: J&phgr;″+D&phgr;′+K&phgr;=F (where, J: roll inertia, D: damper constant, K: spring constant, F: centrifugal force, &phgr;″: roll rate differential value, &phgr;′: roll rate, &phgr;: roll angle).

Abstract: An antiskid brake system for an automotive vehicle is provided which includes a parameter determining circuit and a braking condition determining circuit. The parameter determining circuit determines a parameter reflecting on brake torque applied to a wheel of the vehicle. The braking condition determining circuit compares the phase of a change in speed of the wheel with the phase of a change in the parameter to determine a phase delay of the change in speed of the wheel and determines the braking condition based on the phase delay, thereby allowing a wheel skid used in the antiskid brake control precisely without employing parameters such as vehicle speed and wheel speed as employed in conventional antiskid brake systems.

Abstract: A vehicle behavior control apparatus is provided which is designed to estimate the state of behavior of a vehicle body and to apply the brakes to wheels for suppressing an unwanted change in behavior of the vehicle body. The apparatus determines a lateral momentum of the vehicle body during traveling to estimate the state of behavior of the vehicle body based on the speeds of the wheels and calculates a target braking effort to be produced by each of the brake actuators based on the state of behavior of the vehicle.

Abstract: A wheel information estimating apparatus, which includes: a detecting device for detecting a wheel motion state relating to a movement of a tired wheel of a motor vehicle; an estimating device for estimating wheel information relating to the tired wheel, on the basis of the wheel motion state detected by the detecting device; and a modifying device for modifying an element relating to estimation of the wheel information, so as to improve an accuracy of estimating the wheel information. The element to be modified is selected from a movement of a center of rotation of the tired wheel as viewed in a plane in which the wheel is rotated, a signal applied from the detecting device to the estimating device, and an internal parameter used by the estimating means for estimating the wheel information.

Abstract: A signal processor comprises wheel speed-detecting means for detecting a wheel speed signal including vibrational components of a tire, extraction means for extracting a resonant frequency of the vibrational components of the tire or a tire spring constant based on the wheel speed signals, air pressure-estimating means for estimating a tire air pressure based on the resonant frequency or the tire spring constant, and determining means for determining whether the estimated tire air pressure is abnormal or not by comparing with a determination value. Further, correcting means corrects at least one of the determination value, the estimated tire air pressure, the resonant frequency and the tire spring constant in response to a tire temperature. A temperature-sensing device is mounted inside the signal processor to detect a temperature associated with the tire temperature.

Abstract: A wheel load of each wheel or a vehicle body load is estimated based on a gain of a resonance frequency of a tire, and the estimated wheel load or vehicle body load is applied to a braking control or an acceleration control. Further, a ground contact load of each wheel or the vehicle body load of the vehicle is estimated based on the gain of the resonance frequency extracted from each of the tires for use in a vehicle control.

Abstract: Vibration observed in a tire wheel portion exhibits a resonant vibration phenomenon in which vibration fluctuates between a wheel and a surface of a tire. This phenomenon shows different characteristics depending upon how the surface of the tire is in contact with a road surface. Here, a detector derives a parameter corresponding to a gradient of a coefficient of friction based on these characteristics and detects a brake condition. Also, a controller executes ABS control based on such parameter.

Abstract: In a tire air pressure estimation based upon vibration components extracted rom a vehicle wheel speed signal, when the vehicle is a driven vehicle wheel, the precision of estimation is improved by canceling the components of vibration due to the resonance of the drive system from the vibration components based upon which the estimation calculation is made. The vibration components due to the resonance of the drive system can be canceled by canceling those vibration components extracted from the vehicle wheel speed signal which are the same in the phase between left and right driven vehicle wheels. When the tire air pressure of one of a pair of left and right driven vehicle wheels is lower than that of the other, the lower tire air pressure is more correctly estimated. Therefore, the higher tire air pressure may be estimated according to the lower tire air pressure against the drive system resonance.

Abstract: Pickup coils which generate vehicle wheel speed signals which include vibration frequency components of tires during vehicle cruising are provided. An electronic control unit extracts resonance frequencies of tires from the vehicle wheel speed signals and estimates tire pneumatic pressure based on the extracted resonance frequencies. When an estimated vehicle wheel pneumatic pressure falls below a predetermined critical pneumatic pressure, pneumatic pressure decline warnings are generated and displayed by a display unit. An update switch is provided and when this update switch is turned on when replacing tires, the electronic control unit adjusts and sets the value of the critical pneumatic pressure described above based on the resonance frequency extracted during this time.

Abstract: In a speed detecting apparatus for a rotating body, a correction coefficient is used to correct a detecting error in each of pulse signal periods representing speed data of the rotating body. The correction coefficient is updated so as to cancel an aberration of the corresponding pulse signal period caused by a nonstandard factor of the rotating body. Specifically, an average value of the pulse signal periods corresponding to one rotation of the rotating body is first derived, then a value indicative of a deviation between corresponding one of the pulse signal periods and the average value is derived, and further, an updating value is derived by adjusting a degree of influence of the deviation indicative value to the correction coefficient using a correction sensitivity coefficient. The correction coefficient is updated by adding the updating value to a last value of the correction coefficient.