Abstract: A method for producing hydrogen of the present invention includes thermally reducing a reaction medium in which CeO2 is doped with a metal other than Ce and bringing the thermally reduced reaction medium into contact with water to oxidize the reaction medium and to generate the hydrogen. When a reaction temperature in the thermally reducing the reaction medium is defined as T1 [° C.] and a reaction temperature in the bringing the thermally reduced reaction medium into contact with the water is defined as T2 [° C.], a relation of T1?T2?150 is satisfied. It is preferred that a series of processes including the thermally reducing the reaction medium and the bringing the thermally reduced reaction medium into contact with the water is repeated.

Abstract: A method for producing hydrogen of the present invention includes thermally reducing a reaction medium in which CeO2 is doped with a metal other than Ce and bringing the thermally reduced reaction medium into contact with water to oxidize the reaction medium and to generate the hydrogen. When a reaction temperature in the thermally reducing the reaction medium is defined as T1 [° C.] and a reaction temperature in the bringing the thermally reduced reaction medium into contact with the water is defined as T2 [° C.], a relation of T1?T2?150 is satisfied. It is preferred that a series of processes including the thermally reducing the reaction medium and the bringing the thermally reduced reaction medium into contact with the water is repeated.

Abstract: A heat receiver, a reactor, and a heater utilize the heat of concentrated solar light for thermal decomposition and/or chemical reaction of coals, etc. The heat receiver includes: a side portion forming a substantially cylindrical side surface; a substantially circular bottom portion connected to the lower edge of the side portion; and a ceiling connected to the upper edge of the side portion. A substantially circular aperture is formed in the center of the ceiling. The heat receiver has a substantially cylindrical cavity and the opening portion is open. When the cavity has a diameter of D and a length of L, and the aperture has a diameter of d, d=D/2 or less and L=2D or more. Concentrated solar light entering the heat receiver is to be contained in the heat receiver to effectively utilize the solar light.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a polymer coated single ferromagnetic particle is provided. The method includes hydrophobizing one single hydrophilic ferromagnetic particle by absorbing an aliphatic acid having a hydrophobic aliphatic group and a hydrophilic acid group onto the single ferromagnetic particle to obtain a single hydrophobic ferromagnetic particle; emulsifying the one single hydrophobic ferromagnetic particle with a monomer liquid comprising a nonionic surface activating agent which re-hydrophilizes the one single hydrophobic ferromagnetic particle, to obtain an emulsified liquid; adding a radical addition initiator to the emulsified liquid ; and emulsion polymerizing the monomer by radical addition polymerization.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a polymer coated single ferromagnetic particle is provided. The method includes hydrophobizing one single hydrophilic ferromagnetic particle by absorbing an aliphatic acid having a hydrophobic aliphatic group and a hydrophilic acid group onto the single ferromagnetic particle to obtain a single hydrophobic ferromagnetic particle; emulsifying the one single hydrophobic ferromagnetic particle with a monomer liquid comprising a nonionic surface activating agent which re-hydrophilizes the one single hydrophobic ferromagnetic particle, to obtain an emulsified liquid; adding a radical addition initiator to the emulsified liquid; and emulsion polymerizing the monomer by radical addition polymerization.

Abstract: A heat receiver, a reactor, and a heater utilize the heat of concentrated solar light for thermal decomposition and/or chemical reaction of coals, etc. The heat receiver includes: a side portion forming a substantially cylindrical side surface; a substantially circular bottom portion connected to the lower edge of the side portion; and a ceiling connected to the upper edge of the side portion. A substantially circular aperture is formed in the center of the ceiling. The heat receiver has a substantially cylindrical cavity and the opening portion is open. When the cavity has a diameter of D and a length of L, and the aperture has a diameter of d, d=D/2 or less and L=2D or more. Concentrated solar light entering the heat receiver is to be contained in the heat receiver to effectively utilize the solar light.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a polymer coated single ferromagnetic particle is provided. The method includes hydrophobizing one single hydrophilic ferromagnetic particle by absorbing an aliphatic acid having a hydrophobic aliphatic group and a hydrophilic acid group onto the single ferromagnetic particle to obtain a single hydrophobic ferromagnetic particle; emulsifying the one single hydrophobic ferromagnetic particle with a monomer liquid comprising a nonionic surface activating agent which re-hydrophilizes the one single hydrophobic ferromagnetic particle, to obtain an emulsified liquid; adding a radical addition initiator to the emulsified liquid; and emulsion polymerizing the monomer by radical addition polymerization.

Abstract: The disclosed method for producing hydrogen by means of thermochemical water-splitting can efficiently use solar energy obtained by means of a beam-down typed light collecting system. Further disclosed is a device for producing hydrogen. While circulating within a reactor (1) a fluidized bed (2) made of metal oxide particles, two reactions are simultaneously caused to proceed: a thermal reduction reaction, which is an oxygen evolution reaction wherein a portion of the fluidized bed (2) is heated by solar light (S) in a nitrogen atmosphere, which is a low oxygen partial pressure gas, releasing oxygen from the metal oxide; and a thermochemical water-splitting reaction, which is a hydrogen evolution reaction wherein water vapor is brought into contact with the metal oxide after oxygen has been released, generating hydrogen.

Abstract: The disclosed method for producing hydrogen by means of thermochemical water-splitting can efficiently use solar energy obtained by means of a beam-down typed light collecting system. Further disclosed is a device for producing hydrogen. While circulating within a reactor (1) a fluidized bed (2) made of metal oxide particles, two reactions are simultaneously caused to proceed: a thermal reduction reaction, which is an oxygen evolution reaction wherein a portion of the fluidized bed (2) is heated by solar light (S) in a nitrogen atmosphere, which is a low oxygen partial pressure gas, releasing oxygen from the metal oxide; and a thermochemical water-splitting reaction, which is a hydrogen evolution reaction wherein water vapor is brought into contact with the metal oxide after oxygen has been released, generating hydrogen.

Abstract: Polymer coated ferromagnetic particles could be obtained giving a solution to a problem of difficulty in dispersing ferromagnetic fine particles to a level of monodispersion because of their properties apt to form aggregates. Providing hydrophilic character to hydrophobic ferromagnetic particles obtained by adsorbing hydrophobizing agent to hydrophilic ferromagnetic particles, and dispersed using nonionic surface activating agent suppressing ionic strength increase of the particles. Monomer liquid was emulsified using nonionic surface activating agent and ionic surface activating agent. Mixing the dispersion liquid of ferromagnetic particles and the monomer emulsion were mixed and emulsion polymerization was conducted. Then well-dispersed homogeneous and stable polymer coated ferromagnetic particles showing good response to magnetic field were obtained.