Abstract: The invention provides a biaxially oriented polyester film, which exhibits excellent transparency, is easily subjected to secondary processing, is an environmentally friendly polyester film, and has little variations in physical properties in the machine direction, and a production method therefor. The biaxially oriented polyester film is formed of a polyester resin composition containing particles and 50% by weight or more of a polyester resin composed of biomass-derived ethylene glycol and fossil fuel-derived dicarboxylic acid units, wherein at least one surface of the biaxially oriented polyester film meets requirements (1) to (3): (1) a number of fine protrusions each having a height of less than 3 nm per area of 4×10?12 m2 is 250-600; (2) a number of fine protrusions each having a height of 3 nm or more per area of 4×1012 m2 is 300-600; and (3) an arithmetic mean height Sa is 0.010-0.025 ?m.

Abstract: The invention provides a biaxially oriented polyester film, which exhibits excellent transparency, is easily subjected to secondary processing, and is produced using a polyester resin obtained without using an antimony compound as a polymerization catalyst, and a production method therefor. At least one surface of the biaxially oriented polyester film meets requirements (1) to (4): (1) a number of fine protrusions each having a height of less than 3 nm per area of 4×10?12 m2 is 250 or more and 600 or less; (2) a number of fine protrusions each having a height of 3 nm or more per area of 4×10?12 m2 is 300 or more and 600 or less; (3) an arithmetic mean height Sa is 0.010 ?m or more and 0.025 ?m or less; and (4) an antimony content in the film is 10 ppm or less.

Abstract: The invention provides a biaxially oriented polyester film roll which has excellent transparency and mechanical characteristics, as well as an excellent ability to be wound up into a roll and/or lubricity during film manufacturing operations, which is environmentally friendly, and which exhibits little variation in physical properties in the machine direction thereof even when in the form of a long film roll, i.e., a roll of long wound length, and a production method therefor. In particular, the invention provides a biaxially oriented polyester film roll, wound up at which there is a biaxially oriented polyester film comprising a polyester resin composition comprising particles and polyester resin recycled by the market and/or society and including PET bottles, the biaxially oriented polyester film roll satisfying predetermined ranges of haze, purge time for air, arithmetic mean height Sa, maximum projecting height Sp, and variation thereof.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide: a biaxially oriented polyester film that exhibits excellent transparency, enables easy secondary processing such as coating and vapor deposition, provides excellent post-secondary-processing properties, and is environmentally friendly in that the film is made from polyester resins recycled from the market and society, including those from PET bottles; and a production method for such a film. [Solution] A biaxially oriented polyester film comprising a polyester resin composition containing particles and polyester resins recycled from the market and society, including those from PET bottles, the film having at least one surface that satisfies all requirements (1)-(3). (1) The number of fine projections having a height less than 3 nm per an area of 4×10-12m2 is 250-600. (2) The number of fine projections having a height not less than 3 nm per an area of 4×10-12m2 is 300-600. (3) The arithmetic average height Sa is 0.01-0.025 ?m.

Abstract: Disclosed is a biaxially oriented polyester film that is superior in transparency and easy to perform secondary processing such as coating and vapor deposition, and satisfies performance after the secondary processing. The biaxially oriented polyester film consists of a polyester resin composition including particles, and at least one surface of the film satisfies all of the following requirements (1) to (3): (1) the number of micro protrusions having a height of less than 3 nm per an area of 4×10?12 m2 of 250 or more and 600 or less; (2) the number of micro protrusions having a height of 3 nm or more per an area of 4×10?12 m2 of 300 or more and 600 or less; and (3) an arithmetic average height Sa of 0.010 ?m or more and 0.025 ?m or less.

Abstract: Provided is a polyester film roll which has less wrinkles and film surface defects, exhibits no deviation of winding, and is suitable for secondary processing such as coating and vapor deposition. The polyester film roll is obtained by winding a biaxially oriented polyester film around a core, and is characterized by satisfying requirements (1)-(3) below: (1) the average winding hardness of the surface of the polyester film roll is in the range of 500-700; (2) the variation rate of the winding hardness of the surface of the polyester film roll in the film width direction is 1-5%; and (3) the variation rate of the average winding hardness from the surface of the polyester film roll to the core is 3-10%.

Abstract: A tank washing apparatus includes a cover that can be attached to a manhole or other such through-hole in a tank. Washing is effected by liquid sprayed under high-pressure by a spraying machine that is mounted on a travelling apparatus that can be operated from outside the tank to be moved around on the floor of the tank. A washing liquid supply conduit is connected to the spraying machine via the cover.

Abstract: A method for treating liquid stored in a tank includes the steps of installing a liquid jetting device having a nozzle in a tank, providing the device with separate power sources for swinging the nozzle in the vertical and horizontal directions, jetting liquid from the nozzle at high pressure, monitoring the jetting of liquid from outside the tank, and controlling the power sources from outside the tank. The liquid jetting device used in the method includes a frame mounted on the tank, a casing provided to be swingable inside the frame, a first shaft extending laterally inside the casing, a jet nozzle for jetting liquid provided to be swingable by the first shaft in a direction perpendicular to the swinging direction of the casing, a first power source for swinging the casing, a second power source for swinging the jet nozzle in the direction perpendicular to the swinging direction of the casing, and means enabling the driving of the first and second power sources to be controlled from outside the tank.

Abstract: A system for washing a tank and recovering and treating residual tank liquid includes a first system unit equipped with a suction device for sucking and discharging residual tank liquid, a second system unit equipped with an oil-water separator for separating oil from the discharged residual liquid, a device for treating the separated oil and a supply source for supplying a washing liquid into the tank, a third system unit equipped with an inert gas generator, and first, second and third conveyance mechanism for conveying the first, second and third system units to the tank to be treated.

Abstract: A system for washing a tank and recovering and treating residual tank liquid comprises a first system unit equipped with a suction device for sucking and discharging residual tank liquid, a second system unit equipped with an oil-water separator for separating oil from the discharged residual liquid, a device for treating the separated oil and a pump for supplying a washing liquid into the tank, a third system unit equipped with an inert gas generator, and first, second and third conveyance vehicle for conveying the first, second and third system units to the tank to be treated. The invention also provides a method of operating the system.

Abstract: A liquid jetting apparatus includes a drive mechanism, fixed, rotating and jetting cylinder sections connected in order, first rotation transmission mechanism connected to the drive mechanism and having a first operating element, second rotation transmission mechanism connected to the drive mechanism and having a second operating element, the rotational speed of the second rotation transmission mechanism being slightly different from that of the first rotation transmission mechanism, a first operating rod connected at its one end to the first rotation transmission mechanism through a position change mechanism and at its other end to the jetting cylinder section, a second operating rod connected at its one end to the second rotation transmission mechanism and at its other end to the rotating cylinder section, and a detector for detecting the positions of the first operating element and the second operating element and reversing the direction of rotation of the drive mechanism when both operating elements are p

Abstract: Sludge disintegrating apparatus comprises, in accordance with a first embodiment (11), a floating roof (2) of a floating roof type oil storage tank (1) through which the pressurized liquid spurting devices (11) are axially disposed so as to be axially movable relative to the roof (2), rotatable about the axes of the devices (11), and bendable through an angle .beta. so as to provide the apparatus with three different mode movements. To effect the change in geometrical configuration of the devices (11) so as to attain their bent modes, each device (11) includes a rotary cylinder (12) and a liquid-spurting cylinder (14) which are operatively engaged with each other along inclined interfaces (21, 21'). A rotary rod (29) is connected to cylinder (14) so as to rotate the same relative to cylinder (12) so as to achieve the 90.degree. re-orientation of cylinder (14) relative to cylinder (12) as seen in phantom in FIG. 3.

Abstract: The sludge collecting in a floating roof type oil storage tank is disposed of by inserting a compressed liquid spurting device in a straightened state into the tank through an orifice in the floating roof, feeding compressed liquid to the spurting device, causing the spurting nozzle of the device to be swung about the device proper and, at the same time, releasing the compressed liquid against the sludge inside the tank thereby causing the sludge to be disintegrated and fludized by the force of the compressed liquid, and allowing the fludized sludge to be drawn into a reservoir whose interior is under negative pressure.