Abstract: An apparatus for resynchronizing data signals by using dual port data buffer storage, which prevents data corruption and subsequent system disruption from happening by employing a mechanism to keep an adequate distance between read and write address pointers. An input unit receives an incoming data stream having a cyclic data structure of N bytes. A data writing unit sequentially writes each data word of the received data stream into a storage unit with a capacity of 2N bytes in synchronization with a first clock. A data reading unit sequentially reads out each data word from the storage unit in synchronization with a second clock. A detection unit tests whether the write and read address pointers have come within a predetermined threshold distance. A relocation unit moves the read address pointer by N bytes to increase the distance between the read and write address pointers, when the detection unit has detected that the write and read address pointers have come within the threshold distance.

Abstract: Disclosed are a signal control apparatus, a transmission system and a signal resynchronization control method, which efficiently prevent the occurrence of slipping and execute high-quality signal resynchronization control. The signal control apparatus comprises a serial/parallel converting section, a window setting section and a parallel/serial converting section. The serial/parallel converting section performs serial/parallel conversion on an input signal to yield parallel data. The window setting section sets a small window having a readout guarantee area narrowed at an optimal position at the time of reading the parallel data when an operational state is unstable, and sets a large window having the readout guarantee area widened from the optimal position when the operational state is stable.

Abstract: An alarm detection apparatus includes a plurality of alarm detectors detecting and/or cancelling alarms for identical and different error rates. The plurality of alarm detectors are grouped into a major detector unit made up of alarm detectors which detect major error rates, and a minor detector unit made up of alarm detectors which detect minor error rates. The major detector unit and the minor detector unit output detection outputs corresponding to specified detection rates thereof. A predetermined alarm detector corresponding to a part of the minor detector unit has a specified detection rate overlapping a specified detection rate of the major detector unit being controlled, so that a detection function or a detection output of the predetermined alarm detector is disabled.

Abstract: In a signal processing circuit capable of handling different signal rates, an STS-3 signal input as 78 M.times.2 parallel signals is converted by a serial-to-parallel converter into 19 M.times.8 parallel signals, thus making the number of signal lines equal to that of an STS-12 signal input as 78 M.times.8 parallel signals. Depending on whether the mode is STS-12 mode or STS-3 mode, a first selector selects the 78 M.times.8 parallel signals of STS-12 or the 19 M.times.8 parallel signals of STS-3, and supplies the selected signals to a signal processor. Depending on whether the mode is STS-12 mode or STS-3 mode, a second selector selects a 78-M clock or a 19-M clock and supplies the selected clock to the signal processor.

Abstract: A paving mixture excellent in mixing property and compacting property, which relaxes temperature condition conventionally required for a paving mixture, and can maintain certain quality and durability even if blending ratio condition conventionally required for an aggregate is relaxed, is provided. A paving mixture wherein a constituent binder is so prepared that a minute bubble particle is produced and kept in the binder when the mixture is mixed with heating or compacted.

Abstract: An optical terminal system having self-monitoring function is disclosed, which includes a high-level group loopback section for internally looping back a serial electric signal, a low-level group loopback section for internally looping back a parallel electric signal, a self-loop section for connecting a receiver device and a transmitter device to loop an electric signal received by the receiver device directly to the transmitter device, and a self-monitoring controller for performing a self-monitoring test on respective components of the receiver device and transmitter device by using the self-loop section and either one of the high-level group loopback section and the low-level group loopback section. The optical terminal system can selfcheck the functions thereof through self-monitoring without depending on a network.

Abstract: A redundantly constructed protection channel access transmission apparatus includes current units and spare units by which protection channel access data can be transmitted even if any one of the current units or spare units is in an alarm state. In a normal state, the current units transmit work data and the spare units transmit the protection channel access data. When any one of the current units is in an alarm state, a selector selects work data and supplies the work data to a secondary spare unit. Then, the secondary spare unit performs a signal processing in place of the current unit. On the other hand, when any one of the spare units is in an alarm state, the selector also selects protection channel access data in the same way and the secondary spare unit performs a signal processing in place of the spare unit.