Abstract: An additive, a mixture incorporating the additive and a method of formulating a mortar incorporating the additive. The additive is based on calcium sulfoaluminate composed of C3AH6 and CAH10 where C=calcium oxide, A=aluminum oxide and H=water. The admixture includes gypsum and calcium hydroxide. The calcium aluminum hydrates are obtained by hydration of high alumina cement particles to eliminate any lack of hydration in the core of the particle. The method involves the preparation of such particles and the mix incorporates the particles to produce a homogeneously hydrated cement additive.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing a water-soluble sulphonated dispersant from a petroleum hydrocracking residue comprising: contacting a petroleum hydrocracking residue boiling above 524.degree. C. with concentrated sulphuric acid, oleum or sulphur trioxide to form a sulphonated mixture containing water soluble and water insoluble products, and separating the water soluble sulphonated product from the mixture. The mixture of water soluble and water insoluble sulphonated products is neutralized with alkali and evaporated to dryness, after which the dried mixture is extracted with alcohol to leave a water soluble product. The product can be used as a water reducer or superplasticizer in concrete.