Abstract: A first user equipment of a wireless communication system is provided. After a second user equipment of the wireless communication system has transmitted a first signal, being a reference or control or data signal, to the first user equipment via a sidelink between the second and first user equipment, the first user equipment is configured to receive said reference or control or data signal as a second signal from the second user equipment via the sidelink. The first user equipment is configured to determine positioning information depending on difference information, such that the difference information has information on difference(s) between the first signal, transmitted by the second user equipment, and the second signal, received by the first user equipment.

Abstract: A user equipment of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The user equipment is configured to determine and/or to receive information on an applicability of a machine-learning model. And/or, the user equipment is configured to determine and/or to receive information that the user equipment is located in a machine-learning assisted area.

Abstract: An apparatus of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. For each frequency component of two or more frequency components, a transmitter of the wireless communication system is configured to transmit, within said frequency component, a transmit signal of said frequency component. A receiver of the wireless communication system is configured to receive, within said frequency component, the transmit signal of said frequency component, which has been transmitted by the transmitter, as a received signal of said frequency component. Each frequency component of the two or more frequency components represents a bandwidth limited signal, which comprises one or more signal portions, and which exhibits a center frequency, wherein the center frequency of each of the two or more frequency components is different from the center frequency of any other one of the two or more frequency components.

Abstract: The embodiments herein relate to a method for an RTT measurement procedure in a communication network, the method comprising: (701) setting a positioning mode; (702) identifying a number of neighboring radio base station, n-gNBs, based on at least one report from a at least one User Equipment, or from UE information based on at least one measurement performed by a serving radio base station, s-gNB, serving said UE; and (703) initiating configuration by: —acquiring capabilities of said at least one UE and capabilities from at said radio base stations, gNBs, —reporting by said at least one UE beam measurements for the n-gNBs from said at least one report; and setting resources for the s-gNB and the n-gNBs. There is also provided a system and apparatuses in the form of a UE, a gNB and a location server.

Abstract: A transceiver for a wireless communication system is configured to: communicate with at least one other transceiver of the system using a sidelink resource pool of the system; transmit signals on resources of the pool that are allocated to the transceiver on a period basis with equal length periods tperiodA; transmit a first signal on a first resource of the resources allocated to the transceiver, and receive a second signal from another transceiver of the system on a second resource, the second signal being transmitted by the other transceiver responsive to a reception of the first signal, the second signal being transmitted by the other transceiver on the second resource using the period tperiodA based on which the resources are allocated to the transceiver; determine a distance to the other transceiver based on a time troundA between the transmission of the first signal and the reception of the second signal from the other transceiver, and based on the period tperiodA based on which the resources are alloc

Abstract: A user equipment for transmitting and receiving data in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. At a point-in-time, the user equipment is in one of a plurality of radio resource control (RRC) states. For each radio resource control state of at least a first radio resource control state and a second radio resource control state of the plurality of radio resource control states, when the user equipment is in said radio resource control state, the user equipment is configured to transmit and/or to receive a reference signal for positioning depending on configuration information received from a network entity of the wireless communication system.

Abstract: Apparatus being a first or second apparatus comprising a transceiver and configured to communicate to a second apparatus; wherein the first apparatus is configured to transmit first and second reference signal also referred to as double burst forward link to the second apparatus so that the second apparatus receives the first and the second reference signal in order to calculate a first phase difference d?1 (d?1=angle(RS22,RX)?angle(RS21,RX)) between the first and the second reference signal and/or to report the first phase difference d?1; wherein the first apparatus is configured to receive from the second apparatus third and fourth reference signal also referred to as to double burst return link in response to the first and second reference signal in order to calculate a second phase difference d?2 (d?2=angle(RS12,RX)?angle(RS11,RX)) between the third and the fourth reference signal, and/or to report second phase difference d?2; wherein a distance and/or a distance change and/or a relative speed (v) of the

Abstract: The present disclosure relates methods and apparatuses (UE, scheduler, network node) for resource allocation in a network. According to embodiments herein there are provided a new resource allocation scheme for an UL-TDOA resource allocation scheme and the related UL-PRS signals. The procedure is also applicable for RTT uplink resource allocation. The main technical effects and advantages achieved by the embodiments herein include: A resource allocation concept offering a high flexibility. The positioning update rate is configurable for each UE allowing that for semi static objects a low update rate is selected whereas for moving devices a high update rate is feasible. The signalisation overhead is minimized. The UEs may be configured semi-persistent. Using different transmit periods for each UE results in random SINR (Signal to Interference Noise Ratio) values and ensures that UEs with high pathloss are also detected.

Abstract: A network, NW, entity for a wireless communication network is described. The wireless communication network includes one or more non-terrestrial network, NTN, components, like an airborne vehicle or a spaceborne vehicle. The NW entity obtains information for determining a network, NW, generated UE position of a user device, UE, and determines the NW generated UE position solving a linear system or equations and/or using one or more artificial intelligence, AI/machine learning (ML), models using as an input one or some or all of the obtained information and/or verifies the NW generated UE position using one or some or all of the obtained information.

Abstract: An apparatus for transmitting and/or for receiving a signal in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The signal is a data signal or is a positioning reference signal. The apparatus is configured to transmit and/or to receive the data signal or the positioning reference signal in a frame, wherein the frame comprises a plurality of OFDM symbols, wherein each of the plurality of OFDM symbols comprises a plurality of resource elements, wherein each of the plurality of resource elements of each of the plurality of OFDM symbols is assigned to one of a plurality of subcarriers. The plurality of OFDM symbols are arranged in the frame such that the frame comprises a plurality of groups, wherein each of the plurality of groups comprises two or more consecutive OFDM symbols of the plurality of OFDM symbols of the frame. No cyclic prefix is arranged between the two or more consecutive OFDM symbols of each of the plurality of groups.

Abstract: The embodiments herein relate to a method for an RTT measurement procedure in a communication network, the method comprising: (701) setting a positioning mode; (702) identifying a number of neighboring radio base station, n-gNBs, based on at least one report from a at least one User Equipment, or from UE information based on at least one measurement performed by a serving radio base station, s-gNB, serving said UE; and (703) initiating configuration by: —acquiring capabilities of said at least one UE and capabilities from at said radio base stations, gNBs, —reporting by said at least one UE beam measurements for the n-gNBs from said at least one report; and setting resources for the s-gNB and the n-gNBs. There is also provided a system and apparatuses in the form of a UE, a gNB and a location server.

Abstract: Communication system comprising at least a first and second user device, wherein the first and the second user devices are configured to use a sidelink for a sidelink communication; wherein the first and the second user devices are configured to commonly perform device-to-device positioning or ranging while exchanging signals via the sidelink; wherein the communication system further comprises a coordinator; the coordinator configured to receive a sidelink-positioning request or to determine a sidelink-positioning demand and, in response to said request or to said sidelink-positioning demand, the coordinator is configured to coordinate the device-to-device positioning or ranging.

Abstract: A user equipment for transmitting and receiving data in a wireless communication system is configured to receive a configuration message over one or more first resources, wherein the configuration message has configuration information indicating one or more second resources. Moreover, the user equipment is configured to employ the configuration information for transmitting or for receiving a reference signal for positioning over the one or more second resources.

Abstract: A user device, UE, of a wireless communication network is described that, for determining a position of the UE in accordance with a positioning procedure, performs positioning measurements. The UE includes an assistance data, AD, set, and the AD set includes a plurality of assistance data, AD, instances. Each AS instance is applicable for the UE to perform the positioning measurements at a certain location in the wireless communication network. The UE is to perform the positioning measurements in accordance with the assistance data, AD, instance applicable for the UE at a current location of the UE in the wireless communication network.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a physical state of a movable object includes a processor receiving or determining a probability mass function including probabilities for each of a first group of at least two movement classes, wherein the movement models of the first group being determined using sensor data from the inertial measurement unit. The processor receives at least one additional probability mass function associated with a second group of at least two movement classes, wherein the additional probability mass function has been obtained using additional information different from the sensor data.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a position of a user device, UE, of a wireless communication network is described. The wireless communication network includes a radio access network, RAN, and a plurality of non-terrestrial network, NTN, components, like an airborne vehicle or a spaceborne vehicle, operating on a bent pipe principle for a transmission between the UE and the RAN. The wherein the apparatus is to receive (1) for bent pipe transmissions between the UE and the RAN via at least two different NTN components respective values indicative of a distance between the UE and the RAN, or (2) one or more Doppler values for each link between the UE and the at least two NTN components. The apparatus is to obtain positions of the at least two NTN components, and determine the position of the UE using the obtained positions of the at least two NTN components and the values or one or more Doppler values.

Abstract: A position of a first entity of a wireless communication network is determined on the basis of one or more measurements between the first entity and a second entity. For one of the measurements, a reference signal is transmitted between the first and the second entities. The first and the second entities use respective antenna patterns for transmitting or receiving the reference signal. The position of the first entity is determined using antenna pattern information about the antenna pattern used by the first entity and/or antenna pattern information about the antenna pattern used by the second entity.

Abstract: The embodiments herein relate to method performed by a radio network node or a LMF, a method performed by a UE and a UE for downlink and uplink beam management for positioning measurements. The method comprising at least: configuring the target UE; receiving at least one report from the UE; exchanging the report(s) with neighboring network nodes and/or a location measurement function; providing instructions the UE; receiving at least one measurement report from the UE; and estimating the location of the UE using received information.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a position of an entity of a wireless communication network, the comprises a position determining processor to determine a position of a first entity (gNB, UE, IoT) in the wireless communication network using one or more position measurements between the first entity and one or more second entities (gNB, UE, IoT), each of the first and second entities comprising one or more antennas to transmit and/or receive a radio signal for the position measurement. The position determining processor is to determine the position of the first entity using a transmission reception reference point, TRRP, of the radio signal at the one or more antennas of the first entity and/or the one or more second entities.

Abstract: A transceiver for a wireless communication system is configured to: communicate with at least one other transceiver of the system using a sidelink resource pool of the system; transmit signals on resources of the pool that are allocated to the transceiver on a period basis with equal length periods tperiodA; transmit a first signal on a first resource of the resources allocated to the transceiver, and receive a second signal from another transceiver of the system on a second resource, the second signal being transmitted by the other transceiver responsive to a reception of the first signal, the second signal being transmitted by the other transceiver on the second resource using the period tperiodA based on which the resources are allocated to the transceiver; determine a distance to the other transceiver based on a time troundA between the transmission of the first signal and the reception of the second signal from the other transceiver, and based on the period tperiodA based on which the resources are alloc