Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing an optical component, including the following steps: producing at least one optical waveguide or a part of an optical waveguide on a substrate, where producing the optical waveguide or the part of the optical waveguide includes producing a waveguide core or a portion of a waveguide core, and where the waveguide core or the portion of the waveguide core includes silicon nitride, a polymer or a III-V semiconductor material; and arranging at least one layer of lithium niobate on a side of the waveguide core or of the portion of the waveguide core facing away from the substrate. After arranging at least one layer of lithium niobate at least one of the following steps is carried out: structuring at least one layer of lithium niobate, producing a further portion of the waveguide core and/or arranging at least one contact structure for electrically contacting the at least one layer of lithium niobate.

Abstract: A laser arrangement includes a laser having a laser cavity, at least one cavity external to the laser, which reflects one part of the light emitted by the laser back into the laser cavity, and a voltage measuring device for measuring a voltage on an active section of the laser. By means of the measured voltage a detuning of the emission wavelength of the laser and/or a property of a material adjacent to the external cavity can be determined. The external cavity includes an optical waveguide coupled to the laser.

Abstract: A sensor element for detecting mechanical state variables contains at least one optical waveguide having at least one fiber Bragg grating, and at least one planar optical filter element to which light exiting the optical waveguide can be fed to at least one measuring device for determining an intensity ratio of a Stokes and an anti-Stokes lines and/or a propagation time of an optical signal. A method for detecting mechanical state variables uses such a sensor element running along a measuring section, wherein light having at least one predefinable mean wavelength and a predefinable spectral width is coupled into the optical waveguide and light reflected and/or scattered in the optical waveguide is fed to at least two measuring devices, measuring the intensity of the light exiting the optical waveguide in selected spectral ranges, and measuring an intensity ratio of a Stokes and an Anti-stokes line and/or a propagation time of an optical signal.

Abstract: A sensor element for detecting mechanical state variables contains at least one optical waveguide having at least one fiber Bragg grating, and at least one planar optical filter element to which light exiting the optical waveguide can be fed to at least one measuring device for determining an intensity ratio of a Stokes and an anti-Stokes lines and/or a propagation time of an optical signal. A method for detecting mechanical state variables uses such a sensor element running along a measuring section, wherein light having at least one predefinable mean wavelength and a predefinable spectral width is coupled into the optical waveguide and light reflected and/or scattered in the optical waveguide is fed to at least two measuring devices, measuring the intensity of the light exiting the optical waveguide in selected spectral ranges, and measuring an intensity ratio of a Stokes and an Anti-stokes line and/or a propagation time of an optical signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to an apparatus for compensating the polarization-dependent shift of the center frequency in an optical filter comprising an interferometer by way of compensating the birefringence in at least one waveguide of the interferometer, wherein at least one half-wave plate is arranged into the optical path of the interferometer and at least a section of the waveguide (16, 17) on the right and on the left of the half-wave plate (11) is brought to a pre-selectable temperature, and wherein at least one section on the right of the half-wave plate (11) is brought to a first temperature T1, and at least one section on the left of the half-wave plate (11) is brought to a second temperature T2.

Abstract: A composite armor element for protection against projectiles. At least one layer of effective bodies is disposed in rows next to one another in the composite armor element, the effective bodies being embedded in a matrix material. The effective bodies of one row are fixedly interconnected at least partially by means of webs to form a chain which is a monolithic element. An effective body element for insertion in a composite armor element comprises at least two effective bodies fixedly interconnected by at least one web to form a chain. The effective body element is a monolithic element, and a plurality of effective body elements are embedded in a matrix material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to an apparatus for compensating the polarization-dependent shift of the center frequency in an optical filter comprising an interferometer by way of compensating the birefringence in at least one waveguide of the interferometer, wherein at least one half-wave plate is arranged into the optical path of the interferometer and at least a section of the waveguide (16, 17) on the right and on the left of the half-wave plate (11) is brought to a pre-selectable temperature, and wherein at least one section on the right of the half-wave plate (11) is brought to a first temperature T1, and at least one section on the left of the half-wave plate (11) is brought to a second temperature T2.

Abstract: A composite armor element for protection against projectiles. At least one layer of effective bodies is disposed in rows next to one another in the composite armor element, the effective bodies being embedded in a matrix material. The effective bodies of one row are fixedly interconnected at least partially by means of webs to form a chain which is a monolithic element. An effective body element for insertion in a composite armor element comprises at least two effective bodies fixedly interconnected by at least one web to form a chain. The effective body element is a monolithic element, and a plurality of effective body elements are embedded in a matrix material.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to optical waveguides or waveguide systems, comprising at least (a) a first material which is a poly(perfluorocyclobutane), and in direct contact to this material, (b) a second material which is a polycyanate resin made from at least one aromatic difunctional cyanate of formula (I) wherein R1 to R8 are independently from each other hydrogen, optionally substituted C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl or phenoxy, the alkyl or aryl groups being unfluorinated, partly fluorinated or fully fluorinated with the proviso that (I) carries at least 1 fluorine atom, and Z is a chemical bond, SO2, CF2 CH2, CHF, CH(CH3), isopropylene, hexafluoroisopropylene, n- or iso-C1-C10 alkylene which may be partly or fully fluorinated, O, NR9 whereby R9 is hydrogen or C1-C10 alkyl, N?N, CH?CH, C(O)O, CH?N, CH?N—N?CH, alkyloxyalkylene having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, S, or Si(CH3)2 optionally in mixture with other components.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to optical waveguide devices, which preferably are planar, e.g., optical arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs), multiplexers/demultiplexers, optical add/drop multiplexers and the like. More particularly, the present invention provides integrated optical waveguide devices having central wavelengths (or channel wavelengths) which are temperature insensitive in that they do not or do almost not shift upon temperature variations in the environment. Such devices are also called athermalized or athermal devices. Preferably, most or all parts of such devices including waveguides, cladding material and the substrate itself consist of organic polymeric materials. The devices of the invention substantially remedy the problems encountered with the limitations and disadvantages of common devices as known in the prior art.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to wave guide systems or structures or parts thereof, characterized in that they consist of or comprise a resin composed of at least one polycyanate copolymer, obtainable by copolymerization of at least one specific difunctional cyanate with at least one monocyanate of the formula N≡—C—O—R, wherein R is a straight or branched non-aromatic hydrocarbon radical or a non-aromatic hydrocarbon radical comprising a cyclic structure, the radical having the formula C(R′)2—CFR″2 wherein each R′ is, independently from the other, hydrogen or fluorine or an optionally substituted, preferably fluorinated alkyl or alkenyl group, and each of R″ may independently be defined as R′ or may have an arylic structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to optical waveguide devices, which preferably are planar, e.g., optical arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs), multiplexers/demultiplexers, optical add/drop multiplexers and the like. More particularly, the present invention provides integrated optical waveguide devices having central wavelengths (or channel wavelengths) which are temperature insensitive in that they do not or do almost not shift upon temperature variations in the environment. Such devices are also called athermalized or athermal devices. Preferably, most or all parts of such devices including waveguides, cladding material and the substrate itself consist of organic polymeric materials. The devices of the invention substantially remedy the problems encountered with the limitations and disadvantages of common devices as known in the prior art.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to optical waveguide devices, which preferably are planar, e.g., optical arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs), multiplexers/demultiplexers, optical add/drop multiplexers and the like. More particularly, the present invention provides integrated optical waveguide devices having central wavelengths (or channel wavelengths) which are temperature insensitive in that they do not or do almost not shift upon temperature variations in the environment. Such devices are also called athermalized or athermal devices. Preferably, most or all parts of such devices including waveguides, cladding material and the substrate itself consist of organic polymeric materials. The devices of the invention substantially remedy the problems encountered with the limitations and disadvantages of common devices as known in the prior art.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a plurality of glass waveguides (GWL1 . . . GWL4) are arranged in a first plane. In an overlying plane there is arranged at least one polymer waveguide (PWLA) which forms an acute angle with the glass waveguides. Vertical coupling regions are formed where the polymer waveguide intersects the underlying glass waveguides. The coupling properties can be selectively influenced with the aid of heating electrodes (EA1 . . . EA4; EB1 . . . EB4). To switch over light from one glass waveguide into another, the temperature of the vertical coupling regions is set such that light is coupled up from the one glass waveguide into the polymer waveguide, is guided therein, and is coupled down into the desired glass waveguide in another coupling region.

Abstract: A digital optical switch with two input terminals and two output terminals to satisfy the extensive uses of optical switches. The conditions for adiabatic mode evolution can be flexibly adjusted depending on the planned use for said switch, the technological production thereof still being simple. In the digital optical switch according to the invention, the first incoming waveguide, with regard to the second incoming waveguide in the input section and the third outgoing waveguide with regard to the fourth outgoing waveguide in the output section are symmetrical with each other in cross-section, index of refraction and arrangement in relation to the direction in which the light spreads. Structural electrodes have a tapering effect on the wave guides and are adjusted thereto, and an electrode arranged in the output section is electrically driven.

Abstract: For reducing power consumption and cross-talk in the transmission of broadband optical signals without prior conversion into electrical signals there are provided in a thermo-optical switch two waveguides (WL1 and WL2) extending closely adjacent each other over their interactive length the width of which is at least partially covered by one or two pairs of lamellate electrode arms of a heating electrode (E), the arms of each pair being interconnected by a common web (G) and being of similar geometric shape as the waveguides (WL1 and WL2) positioned below them. Furthermore, means is provided for changing and/or setting the thermal and/or geometric symmetry/asymmetry of the refractive indices in the two waveguides.