Abstract: A device for the chemical analysis of solid or molten material samples, based on laser-induced emission spectroscopy, including a laser source generating a laser beam, a deflection device deflecting the laser beam, a focusing device focusing the laser beam, a device that guides the reflections of a plasma ignited by the laser beam on the material sample to an evaluation device. To arrange the laser source and the evaluation device remotely from the material sample, an arm having at least one movable joint and a cavity for the laser beam is provided between the laser source and the material sample for guiding the laser beam. The deflection device is shaped as a mirror or a prism and is provided at the articulation of the arm, whereby the laser source and the evaluation device are arranged to be independent of the material sample in terms of their movements.

Abstract: A device for reception and transmission of electromagnetic waves in the visible and/or infrared spectral region and/or the UV-region, emitted by a gaeous, liquid or solid material sample, to an analytical unit, preferably for the determination of the temperature of the material sample. The device comprises a heat-resistant sleeve, open at the front end, with a light wave guide coupled to the analytical unit. In order to record the electromagnetic waves of high intensity, the device has a heat-resistant protective element, arranged at the front end region of the sleeve, which conducts electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: A device for the chemical analysis of solid or molten material samples (8), based on the laser-induced emission spectroscopy, is provided with a laser source (10) generating a laser beam (11), a deflection device deflecting the laser beam, a focusing device focusing the laser beam (11) as well as a device (14) that guides the reflections (26) of a plasma (25) ignited by the laser beam (11) on the material sample (8) to an evaluation device (28) such as a spectrometer.

Abstract: To be able to produce metal melts using any metal carriers incurring in metallurgical practice as the charging materials, namely in the most diverse quantitative compositions, a plant for producing metal melts is provided with the following characteristic features: an electric arc furnace vessel (1) provided with one charging opening (11, 21) for a metal melt and/or scrap and/or direct reduced metal, in particular direct reduced iron, and/or ore and at least one electrode (16) and one slag tapping means (22), an oxygen-blowing converter vessel (3) provided with one melt tapping means (41), wherein the oxygen-blowing converter vessel (3) and the electric arc furnace vessel (1) form a unit which is connected via an overflow weir (34) and which is rigidly mounted on the foundation and, wherein the bath surface related specifically to the bath volume is smaller in the oxygen-blowing converter vessel (3) than in the electric arc furnace vessel (1) and the oxygen-blowing converter vessel (3) shares a common re

Abstract: To be able to produce metal melts using any metal carriers incurring in metallurgical practice as the charging materials, namely in the most diverse quantitative compositions, a plant for producing metal melts is provided with the following characteristic features:

Abstract: To be able to produce metal melts using any metal carriers incurring in metallurgical practice as the charging materials, namely in the most diverse quantitative compositions, a plant for producing metal melts is provided with the following characteristic features: an electric arc furnace vessel (1) provided with one charging opening (11, 21) for a metal melt and/or scrap and/or direct reduced metal, in particular direct reduced iron, and/or ore and at least one electrode (16) and one slag tapping means (22), an oxygen-blowing converter vessel (3) provided with one melt tapping means (41), wherein the oxygen-blowing converter vessel (3) and the electric arc furnace vessel (1) form a unit which is connected via an overflow weir (34) and which is rigidly mounted on the foundation and, wherein the bath surface related specifically to the bath volume is smaller in the oxygen-blowing converter vessel (3) than in the electric arc furnace vessel (1) and the oxygen-blowing converter vessel (3) shares a common re

Abstract: In order to be able to process in an economical manner different iron carriers in varying quantitative compositions, a plant for the production of iron melts (4), in particular steel melts, such as crude steel melts, is equipped with an electric are furnace vessel (1), a refining vessel (3) following upon the furnace vessel (1) via a weir (34) and including a bottom departing from the weir (34) in an at least partially downwardly inclined manner and an oxygen supply means (35, 36) as well as an iron melt tap (41) provided in its end region farther remote from the furnace vessel (1), a decanting vessel (2) following upon the furnace vessel (1) and having a common bottom (18) with the furnace vessel (1), said decanting vessel being provided with a slag tap (43) in its end region farther remote from the furnace vessel (1), a supply means (21) supplying liquid pig iron (20) and opening into the furnace vessel (1), a preheating shaft (5) supplying solid iron carries (7), said preheating shaft being arranged a

Abstract: In a method for determining electromagnetic waves originating from the interior of a melt (3), in particular a metal melt, a gas-filled hollow space (26) is formed within the melt (3) by blowing in gas and electromagnetic waves emitting from the melt (3) are observed through the blown-in gas and evaluated by feeding the electromagnetic waves via an optical system (20) to a detector (22) for determining the temperature and/or chemical composition.

Abstract: A process for burning fuel which is formed of free hydrocarbons and/or fine-grained to dusty solid fuels, with a view to obtaining thorough mixing of the oxygen with the fuel in a manner as free of turbulences as possible, is characterized in that, into a main jet of oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas which is approximately cylindrical or slightly conically widening in the jet direction, several fuel jets oriented in a skew manner relative to the central longitudinal axis of the main jet are blown, which fuel jets are formed to surround the main jet peripherally, penetrate into the main jet and are sucked into the main jet.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for processing a shredder light fraction including multi-duct nozzle having at least an end section positionable within a metallurgical vessel containing a molten metal bath. The shredder light fraction may be fed into the molten metal bath while using only small quantities of carrier gas, e.g., air or nitrogen, and protective gas, e.g., hydrocarbon or inert gas. The shredder light fraction and the carrier gas may be injected into the molten metal bath as a main jet and oxygen may also be injected into the molten metal bath as a secondary jet. The primary jet and the secondary jet may be surrounded by a gas jet formed by the protective gas being injected into the molten metal bath.

Abstract: An arrangement for introducing and removing a lance into and out of a tiltable metallurgical vessel has drive means stationarily arranged in the direction of the lance axis and means for pivotal mounting of the drive means. The lance is designed as a guide and is guided by the drive means and is movable in the direction of its axis. In a method using the above arrangement for positioning the lance relative to the metallurgical vessel, the actual position of the vessel is taken up by a position transmitter on said vessel, and the drive means is actuated to position the lance in dependence on that actual position.

Abstract: There are disclosed a method and an arrangement for preventing the agglomeration of crusts in a lance opening passing a wall of a metallurgical vessel and provided for a lance carrying a measuring and/or sampling probe. During the metallurgical process proceeding within the metallurgical vessel and during the taking of a measurement and/or sample by means of a lance introduced into the metallurgical vessel through the lance opening, a gas that is inert relative to a melt bath contained in the metallurgical vessel, or air, is injected into the lance opening from outside, which gas produces a gas veil at the mouth of the lance opening facing the melt bath.

Abstract: An arrangement for introducing and removing a lance into and out of a tiltable metallurgical vessel has drive means stationarily arranged in the direction of the lance axis and means for pivotal mounting of the drive means. The lance is designed as a guide and is guided by the drive means and is movable in the direction of its axis. In a method using the above arrangement for positioning the lance relative to the metallurgical vessel, the actual position of the vessel is taken up by a position transmitter on said vessel, and the drive means is actuated to position the lance in dependence on that actual position.

Abstract: There is disclosed a metallurgical vessel, such as a steelworks converter, having a refractory brick lining and a probe opening passing a wall of the vessel for introducing a measuring and/or sampling probe. In order that the probe opening will get obstructed only minimally, if at all, and possible deposits of slag will be removed easily and quickly, the probe opening is provided with a lining of graphite or a graphite/alumina mixture.

Abstract: There is disclosed a metallurgical vessel, such as a steelworks converter, having a refractory brick lining and a probe opening passing a wall of the vessel for introducing a measuring and/or sampling probe. In order that the probe opening will get obstructed only minimally, if at all, and possible deposits of slag will be removed easily and quickly, the probe opening is provided with a lining of graphite or a graphite/alumina mixture.